Marine protected areas in the Baltic Sea

Towards a framework for adaptive management,

example Sweden

Johnny Berglund, Anna Karlsson, Ilke Tilders, Lena Tingström

johnny.berglund@lansstyrelsen.se

Marine habitats in the

Baltic

• 1110 Sublittoral sandbanks

• 1130 Estuaries

• 1140 Mud- and sandflats

• 1150 Lagoons

• 1160 Large shallow inlets and bays

• 1170 Reefs

• 1180 ”Bubble reefs”

• 1610 Baltic esker islands

• 1620 Baltic islets and small islands

• 1650 Baltic narrow inlets

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1130 Estuaries

Helcom mapservice

2018-11-12

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1150 Lagoons

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Helcom mapservice

2018-11-12

1170 Reefs

Helcom mapservice

2018-11-12

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Status 2013

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Status 2013 in SE and FI

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Workshop for Baltic MPA managers 2018

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Need for a more holistic approach for

marine protection / marine conservation

Towards a more holistic process

for marine protectionExample Sweden

Tool for help: Open standards for conservation

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Nested Processes

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MSP and MSFD

(Unit = 100%)

Green Infrastructure

(<100% and >10%)

MPA network

(Objective = 10%)representative, well connected and functional

Critical Alignement 1: MSP Units for GI & MPA Network planning

14

15

Gulf of

Bothnia

Baltc

ProperWest

coast

• Also a process of communication

with the 14 counties.

• Counties responsible for the

actionplan for GI and designation

and management of MPAs

Critical Alignement 2: Targets for GI & MPA Network and Architecture & MSFD

16

2018-11-20

TargetsBiodiversity targets

Conservation targets

Key Ecological Attributes

• Species and/or ecosystem functions that are

representative and include the biological diversity in the

subregions.

• The targets will be the base for the goals and for

monitoring and evaluation of the MPA network, GI and

biodiversity

Aphotic hard bottoms

• Depth > 20 m

• Substrate > 64 mm

Aphotic soft bottoms

• Depth > 20 m

• Substrate < 64 mm

Photic hard bottoms

• Depth < 20 m

• Substrate > 64 mm

Photic soft bottoms

• Depth < 20 m

• Substrate < 64 mm

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Building blocks GI, MPA Network & MPAsKey Ecological Attributes, Indicators and taxonomies

Indicators

Linked taxonomy lists

Building blocks GI, MPA Network & MPAs

Threats and taxonomies

Linked

taxonomies

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Photic soft bottoms (infra)

• Depth < 20 m

• Substrate < 64 mm

Aphotic soft bottoms (circa)

• Depth > 20 m

• Substrate < 64 mm

Photic hard bottoms

• Depth < 20 m

• Substrate > 64 mm

Aphotic hard bottoms

• Depth > 20 m

• Substrate > 64 mm

Conservation targets

Nested targets Nested targetsEstuaries (1130)

Lagoons (1150)

Mud- and sandflats (1140)

Submerged rooted plants (>25% cover), HUB B1, B2, B3

Zostera meadows (>25%),

Charophyte meadows(>25%), HUB B4

…..

Reefs (1170)

Baltic skerries and islands (1620)

Perennial algae, Fucus spp. (>25% cover), HUB C1

Bluemusselbeds, HUB E1

Perennial algae, foliose red algae, HUB C3

…..

Nested targets Nested targetsSandbanks (1110)

Bottoms with high abundance ofbenthic infauna

…..

Reefs (1170)

Bluemusselbeds, HUB E1

…..

How much?

Goals for

each target…10, 30, 50, 80%

Framework aims to:

1. Fully integrate MSFD, OSPAR, HELCOM, N2000

2. Support reporting and communication

3. Enable effective management of the marine environment

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Thank you for listening!

Johnny Berglund

Extra slides

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• Marine national park (1)

• Marine nature reserves (75)

• Natura 2000 with marine habitats (315)

• Helcom MPA (28) 2016

HOLAS II

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