Introductions

Welcome

Workshop Purpose and Products

Message from Ontario Minister of the Environment – Hon. John Gerretson

Mr Paul McKay – Director, Ontario Sustainable Energy Association

Mr Chris Whittaker – CEO , St Lawrence College

Mr Ted Hu - Executive Director, SWITCH

Key Note Speaker - Ms. Dorothy Hector – Kingston City Councilor

Workshop Purpose and Products

Workshop Purpose:To educate Kingston region homeowners around the available

Renewable Energy technologies and the process to implement in a way that

– Demystifies the technologies and provides practical decision making tools

– Illustrates the “How to” action path to projects– Supports increased economic activity– Leverages , unites, and advances other regional knowledge resources

to support the homeowner

So that as a part in the global community, Kingston and region accelerates “the doing of Renewable Energy projects” and achieves the benefits capture in an increasingly rapid manner.

Workshop Products:• Provide practical knowledge to the homeowner for Renewable Energy technologies

and how they fit into the Total Home of the Future

• Provide a base of support through knowledge resources, contractors , and vendors to support homeowner actions

• Advance the community base of knowledge to accelerate clean energy projects

• Reduce the community carbon footprint

• Increase the economic activity in the Kingston region

• Advance Kingston’s standing towards Canada’s #1 Green Community

The House of the Future

How Canadian Homes Use Energy

Source: Statistics Canada

How Canadians Should Produce Energy

How Canadians Should Produce Energy

How Canadians Should Produce Energy

The House of the Future

This workshop will help you build the house of the future with today’s technology!

March 5 – Home Heating1. Solar hot water2. Geothermal heat pumps

March 9 - Home Power1. Solar photovoltaics2. Wind power

March 10 – Other Important Technologies1. Wood pellet stoves2. Grey water recycling3. Green roofs

Energy Efficient Design

Introduction

Greenhou...Large.jpg

Why Design?

o “House as a whole”o Energy Efficiencyo Building Programso Comforto Code Compliance

“House as a whole”oAll systems in a home affect one another in some capacity

oOverhangs affect cooling loadoEquipment efficiencies affect energy requirementsoFinishes affect indoor air qualityoVentilation affects building durabilityoVapour barriers affects indoor air qualityoSolar thermal systems affect building requirementsoWind production can affect structural loadsoAir pressures can affect life systems

“House as a whole”

Two county deaths likely due to CO

poisoning

Energy Efficiency

60-80% of our energy use in the house is a direct result of space heating/cooling and hot water heating.

“It’s easier to save a KW then make a KW”

Building Programs & Grants

Greenhouse Large.jpg All programs and

grants reward energy efficient products.

SOLAR THERMAL WORKSHOP

Workshop outline

Introduction

Technology (available systems)

Installation Issues

Cost Calculations & Financial Projections

Getting Your Project Done

Case Study

Questions and Follow-up

What Is Solar Thermal?

•Solar Thermal is any active solar energy system that collects the heat energy available from the sun

•These systems are roughly 4 – 6 times more efficient than aPhotovoltaic Solar Electric system

•They can be used for a variety of heating requirements

SDHW systems

•2 typical types are Flat Plate and Evacuated Tube systems

SDHW systems

SDHW systems

SDHW and Heating combi systems

•2 typical types are Flat Plate and Evacuated Tube systems

Solar Pool Heating systems

•Polypropylene Rubber Collectors

Solar Pool Heating systems

Solar Pool Heating systems

Solar Air Heating systems

Why not house heating?

HEATING LOAD

Jan Mar Jun Sept Dec

SDHW LOAD

Energy

Installation Issues

•Clear Solar Access from 9 – 3 is recommended•South facing is best, West is second choice, East third•Typically mounted on the roof, so roof condition can be an issue•No Permits required in Kingston for Residential SDHW, Pool, or Air Heating•May need a permit for a custom combi system•Space for a storage tank is needed in a SDHW system•Large roof area is needed for a pool system

Current Incentives

Residential:•EcoEnergy for Homes will pay $1000 for SDHW system•PST rebate on the purchase of any solar thermal system•Utilities Kingston SDHW rental program

Commercial:•EcoEnergy for Heat will pay roughly 35 – 55% of a solar thermal system to a maximum of $80,000 per project

Maintenance Requirements

•SDHW systems need a glycol test every 3 years, may need to be replaced at a cost of $100- 150 for the visit

•Pool systems will require proper draining every fall. This may require an annual service visit if roof draining is required

Case Study 1

2 panel SDHW system offsetting electric heated water

Case Study 1

2 panel SDHW system offsetting electric heated water

•Current initial cost of $6500 installed•5 person household•Electrically heated hot water tank

•$1195 in rebates•Out of pocket cost of $5305•Savings of $465 in the first year•ROI of 15.3%

Case Study

Case Study 2

8 panel pool system offsetting natural gas heated pool

Case Study 2

Current initial cost of $4900 installed•Natural gas heated outdoor pool

•$147 in rebates•Out of pocket cost of $4753•Savings of $763 in the first year•ROI of 23.7%

Case Study 2

CONCLUDING REMARKS:• Solar Thermal is the most cost effective

renewable energy systems available to the residential consumer.

• Solar Domestic Hot Water systems are cost effective with returns on investment of over 10%

• Of the solar thermal technologies pool heating has the best payback

GEOTHERMAL WORKSHOP

Heat Pumps• A heat pump is a machine that moves energy from one location to another through

the use of mechanical work.

• The vapour -compression refrigeration cycle is used to transport this heat from the air, water or ground to the area to be conditioned.

Heat Pumps• The heat pump can remove heat from either the air (inside or outside) or from a

ground source (soil or groundwater).

• These devices are manufactured in a vary of configurations and serve a wide variety of applications.

• Within the residential marketplace the heat pump may only provide space heating and cooling requirements but it also possible to provide a degree of domestic hot water production in the home.

Geo-exchange or Geothermal?• The terms geo-exchange and geothermal may be easily confused and are both

widely used to describe ground source heat pump systems.

• Geothermal energy refers to heat that comes from within the core of the earth whereas a ground source heat pump draws the majority of its energy from the heat created by solar energy striking the earth’s surface.

• Geo-exchange refers to the practice of transferring energy from just below the earth’s surface.

Open vs Closed Loop• Open Systems

– Usually utilize surface water bodies or well water fields– More dependent on climate as water temperatures fluctuate to a higher

degree – Potential for contamination

• Closed Loop Systems– Greater flexibility in usage– Usually have higher pumps requirements– Anti-freeze is usually required– More stable loop temperature with some designs

Open Loop• Advantages

– Installation costs are less than closed loop– Pumping costs are typically less

• Disadvantages– Typically limited to smaller systems– Climate conditions can limit usage– Environmental issues– Fouling is a large maintenance issue

Closed Loop-Vertical• Advantages

– Requires the least amount of land– Lease amount of total piping– Can require the least amount of pumping energy

• Disadvantages– Drilling costs are high– Back filling requires special material & skill– Potential for heat build-up

Closed Loop-Horizontal• Advantages

– Trenching costs are less than drilling costs– Heat build up is not as sensitive as vertical loop

• Disadvantages– Requires more land– Greater ground temperature variance– Typically more piping is required– Greater risk of piping damage during backfilling

Costs• Air Source Systems

– Compared to the same output of electric furnace heating system, the cost of operation might be reduced by upwards to 50%.

– Material equipment costs are higher than a typical heating and cooling system generally by twice.

• Geo-Exchange Systems– Compared to the same output gas fired heating system, the cost of operation

might be reduced by upwards to 66%.– Installation costs are higher; 5 times the cost of a traditional heating and

cooling system

Grants• Air Source Systems

– Installation of a Energy Star qualified heat pump system qualifies for $400.00 from the federal grant program and matching provincial funds.

– Equipment to have a higher than 14 SEER rating.

• Geo-Exchange Systems– Installation of a CAN/CSA-C448 compliant earth-energy system (ground or

water source) qualifies for $3,500.00 from the federal program and matching provincial funds.

– Replace the heat pump unit of an existing earth-energy system qualifies for $1,400.00 from the federal program and matching provincial funds.

• Note: Systems need to be installed by qualified firms.

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC

• Commonly known as “solar cells.”• Photovoltaic (PV) systems convert light

energy into electricity. • The simplest systems power the small

calculators we use every day. More complicated systems will provide a large portion of the electricity in the near future.

• PV represents one of the most promising means of maintaining our energy intensive standard of living while not contributing to global warming and

ll ti

What arePhotovoltaics?

PV Solar System

SolarPV

Arrays

DC Voltage

AC Voltage

Inverter

Solar PowerTo the Grid

Main Utility Breaker Panel

Utility Meter

Installation Issues• Types of PV systems - aesthetics• Modeling - RETScreen• Building Codes, Inspections

Residential Rooftops

• BIPV or Retrofit

Solar Shingles

Paperwork

• Leave it up to the installer• Complete the application for SOC with the

local utility as well as OPA. • All the connections to an existing electric

service without any scheduled service disconnect and reconnect

Case Study

• PV Requirements• About $1,000 per kW (or $10/W) • South Facing Roof• Ontario Power Authority (OPA) Standard• Offer Contract (SOC) – on-line application• Kingston Electricity Distribution Limited• (KEDL) Connection Agreement• Solar panels or modules • Inverter

Home Power Plant

PV – Inverter - Helpers• RJ (Rob) Kennedy Electric• Quantum Renewable Energy (Rick Rooney) • Utilities Kingston

– Kingston Electricity Distribution Limited (KEDL)

Meters & Inverter• Green Energy Act – rates are under review

– Anticipate FiT to be higher than 42 cents, rumour is 80– I expect between 1,400 to 1,500 kWh/yr

Small Wind Power

Jason Wamboldt B.Sc. (Eng), MESRenewable Energy of Plum Hollow

Workshop outline

An introduction to Small Wind Power options for homeowners

• What is small wind?• Types of turbines?• Is wind right for you?• How do you use the power?• Costs and paybacks • Are there noise, safety, maintenance or environmental concerns?

What is Small Wind

• A wind turbine is a device used to convert wind energy into electrical power.

• Small wind includes wind turbines capable of producing 100 kW or less

• Suitable for homes, businesses, or farms.

• Can be used to backup electricity and/or offsetting the use of grid-power.

Types of Wind Turbines

Vertical Axis- newer technology- Can capture dirty wind, from all directions- Can be mounted on buildings or lower to the ground

Horizontal Axis- more common- requires clean wind- often need large areas for tower guy wires

Is wind right for you?

• Do you have a spot with consistent wind >10 mph (wind gusts versus steady winds)?

• Do you have enough land to provide buffer between neighbors and buildings?

• Local zoning?

• Prepared for long-term investments?

Siting Issues

Source: www.skystreamenergy.com

How to use the power

• Electricity can be:

• stored in batteries for later use (off-grid)

• sent to the grid to reduce utility bill (net-metering)

• sold to the grid to payback equipment (standard offer contract)

How much power can I get?

How much power can I get?

What are the costs and paybacks?

Equipment64%

Labour27%

Wiring and misc.9%

• Average winds of 13 mph would generate 400 kWh/month or 44% of average Ontario home demand.

• Equates to $528/y at current electricity pricing ($0.11/kWh).

Case-study:Skystream 2.4 kW, Cost: $16,576.77 + tax

Maintenance and Warranty

• Annual inspection of bolts, guy wires, and electrical connections.

• May require greasing of bearings.

• Blades need to be visually inspected for cracks or stress signs.

•Warranties are typically 2-5 years.

Safety, Environmental, and Noise Concerns

• Wind turbines DO generate noise and vibrations (be a good neighbour)

• Check with local zoning and building code requirements for safe installation of tower and foundation

• Electrical permits must be taken and approved by the Electrical Safety Authority

• All turbines have mechanisms to slow blades in high winds

Conclusions

• Small wind turbines are less than 100 kW.

• Need good site with clean, strong, consistent wind with buffers from buildings and neighbours.

• Power can be used to offset electricity bills or store in batteries for later use.

• Costs are significantly tied to equipment costs and expect long paybacks at current electricity prices.

• SAFETY IS PARAMOUNT.

Home Heating with Biomass

What is Biomass?

Definition - Plant matter grown for use as a fuel. Biomass is a renewable fuel and it is part of the Carbon Cycle.

Item 4

Biomass can be a responsible choice if:

• The heating system is installed safely (WETT Certified Professional)

• Fuel is harvested sustainably• The fuel is burned efficiently with

little or no visible smoke

Advanced Combustion Wood Stoves

- Use 1/3rd less wood for the same amount of heat- Longer burn times- Under 5 acres of properly managed wood lot, can produce enough to heat a home forever. (Assuming 60 year life span)

Old Technology vs. New Technology

Pellet Stoves and Bio-Mass Stoves

- Pelletized wood waste- Pelletized agriculture waste- Pelletized marginal crops like switch grass- Two Acres of Switch Grass could heat a Canadian home for a year

What do they look like?

Fine Particulate Emissions

Space Heating

- Studies have shown that most families spend 80% of their time in a couple rooms of the home (20% of the house)- By heating the space that we live, with a high efficiency product, in we can reduce our consumption by 28%

Saving Money & Saving the Environment

-Heating with wood or wood pellets is 40% - 50% cheaper than Oil, Electricity or Propane

- Reduces carbons emissions by 4-5 tons per year

GREEN ROOFS FOR HOMEOWNERS

Green Roofs - definition

A Green Roof is:A rooftop with vegetationCan be on apartments, factories, offices or residential buildingsCan be flat or sloped roofNew building or retrofitted older buildingSocial, environmental and economic benefits

Individual Landscapes

Two Principal Types

Individual Landscapes

Intensive Extensive

Intensive Green Roof

Individual Landscapes

Typically used for recreationUses all kinds of landscape and building materialsWide variety of plant materials e.g. grass, flowering shrubs, trees and flowersHeavier; may need structural reinforcingHigh maintenance & higher costs

Individual Landscapes

Extensive Green Roof

Individual Landscapes

Not for recreational purposes and generally not accessible for regular useDifferent materials usedFewer varieties of plant materialGoal is least possible maintenancePotentially lower costMany social, environmental and economic benefits

Individual Landscapes

Grey Water

Water Conservation• Less than 2% of the earth’s water is fresh water and only 1% is available as

drinking water.

• It is predicted that in the future that armed conflicts will center around water as opposed to oil.

Water Usage in the Home• Replacing a 18 litre per

flush toilet with a new 6 litreper flush unit can save over 60,000 litres annually for a family of four.

• A leaking toilet may result in a loss of over 200,000 litres annually.

• Grants provide $50.00 per toilet replacement under the federal program and matching funds from the province.

Greywater• Greywater collection allows for the reuse of

water for various applications and thereby reduces the home’s utility billings or impact on septic system.

• The Ontario Building Code was amended in 2007 to allow for the usage of greywater for the flushing of toilets and irrigation uses.

• 65% of all water used in a home maybe classified as greywater.

Rainwater HarvestingSaving rain water reduces the dependence on fresh water suppliesReduces the impact on water sources such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, ground water, and other sources of fresh water.Rainwater can be used to:Watering plants and treesWatering lawnsWashing cars

Payback and Grants

Grants for your projects•There are many generous provincial and federal grants & tax credits available to support your projects

• Renewable Electrical, Heating, Ventilation, Cooling

• Be aware of the requirements for grant eligibility BEFORE you plan your project

•Grant Guidelines:• Eco-Action has the most comprehensive list of resources

http://www.ecoaction.gc.ca/grantsrebates-subventionsremises/consumers-consommateurs-eng.cfm

• Hearthmakers Energy Co-operativehttp://www.hearthmakers.org/

• Suppliers and contractors are also good info sources….

*$600$300$600Replace your wood-burning appliance with a model that meets eitherCSA-B415.1-M92 (Performance Testing of Solid-Fuel-Burning HeatingAppliances or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) wood-

burningappliance standards (40 CFR Part 60) (*per equipment replaced).

**$60N/A$60Install a minimum of 5 electronic thermostats for electric baseboard heaters.

Electric baseboards must be the primary system

*$800N/A$800Install an ENERGY STAR® qualified air-source heat pump

Same as single-family home

N/A$2,800Replace the heat pump unit of an existing earth-energy system (ground- or

water-source). The system must be compliant with CAN/CSA-C448.

Same as single-family home

N/A$7,000A CAN/CSA-C448 compliant ground- or water-source heat pump.

Same as single-family home

$500$1,000An ENERGY STAR® qualified oil furnace that has an 85.0% AFUE or better,

and a DC variable-speed motor.

Same as single-family home

$300$600An ENERGY STAR® qualified oil furnace that has an 83.0% AFUE or better.

Same as single-family home

$600$1,200An ENERGY STAR® qualified oil or gas boiler that has an 85.0% AFUE or better.

Same as single-family home

$500$1,000An ENERGY STAR® qualified gas furnace that has a 92.0% AFUE or better,

and a DC variable-speed motor.

Same as single-family home

$300$600An ENERGY STAR® qualified gas furnace that has a 90.0% efficiency

HEATING

2nd System1st System

Multi-Unit Residential

Single-Family HomesSome sample grants….

2nd System1st System

Multi-Unit ResidentialSingle-Family HomesSome sample grants….

ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATIONThe ONTARIO GREEN ENERGY ACT (Bill 150) will lay out the groundwork to either change or replace the Renewable

Energy Standard Offer Program (RESOP), which had offered a delivery price of $0.42 kWh delivered into the provincial energy grid from wind and solar sources.

$150N/A$150• Efficiency between 30 and 42%.

Install a drain-water heat recovery (DWHR) system. Grants are based on the

efficiency of the pipe installed.

*$600N/A$600Replace your domestic hot water heater with a condensing water heater that

has an EF of 0.80 or better (*per equipment installed).

*$400N/A$500Replace your domestic hot water heater with an instantaneous gaswater heater that has an energy factor (EF) of 0.80 or better

$1,000N/A$1,000Install a solar domestic hot water system that meets CAN/CSA Standards.

HOT WATER

$40N/A$40 Replace your window air conditioner(s) with an ENERGY STAR® unit$400N/A$400Replace your central air conditioner with an ENERGY STAR® qualified

unit.

COOLING

$600N/A$600Install a heat recovery ventilator that is certified by the Home VentilatingInstitute (See www.hvi.org)

VENTILATION

SUMMARY

Closing

Closing Items:

• How To Workshop signup• House Tour signup• Feedback forms back• Prize Draw• Sponsorship, Support and Resources

THANK YOU AND GOOD LUCK IN YOUR FUTURE PROJECTS

Technical HOW TO Workshops -Outline-

Follow - up HOW TO workshops focused on :

Home Heating : March 5 from 6:30-8:30 at SLC – Rm 01040

Home Power : March 9 at SLC from 6:30-8:30 in Rm 01040

Biomass and Conservation : March 10 from 6:30- 8:30 in Rm 01040

You will be able to :decide which system(s) is best for your purposes

compare costs and understand more on grants

evaluate whether you want to do it yourself or

Interact one on one with qualified contractors and how to proceed with your project

Brought to you by:

• SWITCH - The Sustainable Energy People

_____________________________

With the Generous Support of

Resources:SWITCH Kingston(Knowledge resources – all areas – pls call)Hearthmakers Energy Co-Op (Conservation and Energy Audits)Down Under Solar (Solar Photovoltaic)Eco Alternative Energy (Solar Solutions and Wind Power)Haven Home Climate Care (Geothermal Heating)Jenal Heating (Specializes in Boilers)Quantum Renewable Energy (Solar Thermal, Wind Power and Energuide)Renewable Energy of Plum Hollow (Biomass, Solar Thermal and Wind Power)Tackaberry Heating (Energy Design, Boilers and more)TAB Mechanical (Green building)UCSG (Solar)Burt’s Greenhouses (A. English alt contact – Plants for Green Roof)Individual Landscapes – Bardi Vorster (Green Roof)Utilities Kingston (Solar Domestic Hot Water Heater Rentals)

Resources:

Resources