march 26 th 2013 university of twente energy conversion technologies: challenges for the future...
TRANSCRIPT
March 26th 2013 University of Twente
Energy conversion technologies: challenges for the future
Rodolfo TaccaniEnergy System Laboratory
Mechanical Engineering Department
University of Trieste - Italy -
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Topics
2
• Overview on power generation
(with some figures on energy demand and power
conversion effficiency).
• Overview on distributed microcogeneration.
• Possible integration with renewable energy
resources.
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
World Electricity and Energy demand
Energy Information Administration. International Energy Outlook 2010
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Where does electricity come from?
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Where does electricity come from?
Energy Information Administration. International Energy Outlook 2010
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Electricity production
6Sesto 03.08.11 - Energia per il domani. R. Taccani...
Heat
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Electricity production
7
… from heat to steam
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Electricity production
8
… from steam to electricity
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Electricity production
9Sesto 03.08.11 - Energia per il domani. R. Taccani...
Same principle for nuclear as well!
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Energy consumptions
10
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Power Plant Technologies
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Plant Power output [MW]
Eff
icie
ncy
[%
]
Diesel engines
Combined Cycle
Steam plant
Car engine
Hybrid Cycle
Fuel cells
HEAT
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Electricity costs
12
S. Kaplan, CRS Report for Congress, 2008
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Energy resources
[Richard Perez 2009]
PV: Electricity Solar thermal: Hot water
Solar cooling
(Electricity)
Solar thermal and/or PV?
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Heat demand
15
ICAM Taccani 16 16
Lithium Batteries
Batteries cost trend
ICAM Taccani 17 17
$/kWh cost trend in Japan. Small rechargeable cells
Sesto 01.07.10 - Energia per il domani. R. Taccani... 19
DOMESTIC CO/TRIGENERATION
Fuel cell or other cogeneration / trigeneration
system
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013 22
THANKS
FOR YOUR ATTENTION !
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Back up
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Back up REFERENCES (selection)
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Periodicals– Fuel cell Bulletin, Elsevier Science– Fuel Cell Technology News, BCC– Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Elsevier– J. of Power Sources, Elsevier– J. of Energy Resources Technology, Elsevier– …
WEB– Fuel Cell 2000 – http://www.fuelcells.org– CA FC Partnership http://www.drivingthefuture.org– DOE http://www.fetc.doe.gov– HyWeb http://www.hydrogen.org…
Codes and standards– American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z21.83
University of Twente – Taccani - 2013
Back up
ORC
Electrical Power Technology
Pe < 1 MW ICE, µGT, ORC, FC
1 MW < Pe < 10 MW ICE, GT, ST
Pe > 10 MW GT, ST, CCC