maps and images for mckay 8e a history of western society chapter 16 absolutism and...

Maps and Images for McKay 8e

A History of Western Society

Chapter 16

Absolutism and Constitutionalism in

Western Europe

(ca 1589-1715)

Cover Slide

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

"Spider and Fly"This seventeenth-century satirical print, entitled The Spider and the Fly, summarizes peasant grievances. In reference to the insect symbolism (upper left), the caption on the lower left side of this illustration states, "The noble is the spider, the peasant the fly." The other caption (upper right) notes, "The more people have, the more they want. The poor man brings everything--wheat, fruit, money, vegetables. The greedy lord sitting there ready to take everything will not even give him the favor of a glance." (New York Public Library)

"Spider and Fly"

Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

"The Royall Oake of Brittayne"Chopping down this tree--"The Royall Oake of Brittayne"--signifies the end of royal authority, stability, the Magna Carta, and the rule of law. As pigs graze (representing the unconcerned common people), being fattened for slaughter, Oliver Cromwell, the lord protector who also controlled the army, quotes Scripture while his feet are in hell. This cartoon of 1649 is a royalist view of the collapse of Charles I's government and the rule of Cromwell. (Courtesy of the Trustees of the British Museum)

"The Royall Oake of Brittayne"


Popular preaching, EnglandThis seventeenth-century print satirizes the Quakers, a religious movement that attracted many women who took advantage of the collapse of royal authority (Charles I) to preach in public--a radical activity for women at the time.(Mary Evans Picture Library)

Popular preaching, England


Hall of Mirrors, VersaillesThe most spectacular manifestation of Louis XIV's absolute monarchy is his complex of palaces and gardens at Versailles, located twelve miles southwest of Paris. In 1669, Louis commissioned the architect Louis Le Vau (1612-1670) to transform an existing royal hunting lodge into an elaborate and extensive palace, the Palais de Versailles. Beginning in 1678, Jules Hardoin-Mansart (1646-1708) took over the project. He supervised the construction of the Hall of Mirrors. The hall is more than 200 feet long and is framed by seventeen windows and seventeen arched mirrors. The ceiling is lined with six cameos, twelve medallions, and nine monumental paintings executed by Charles Le Brun (1619-1690). (Michael Holford)

Hall of Mirrors, Versailles


Judith Leyster, Self-PortraitJudith Leyster (ca. 1609-1660), one of the most important Dutch portrait painters, created portraits that capture both the individuality and spontaneity of her subjects. She painted her Self-Portrait in 1635, representing herself as a successful artist, in a fashionable dress and sitting in an elegant chair. The subject of the "painting within the painting" is a man playing a violin, but Leyster varied her technique to illustrate the difference between her own self-portrait and this painting. (National Gallery of Art, Washington. Gift of Mr. and Mrs Robert Woods Bliss, Photograph (c) 2002, Board of Trustees.)

Judith Leyster, Self-Portrait


Louis XIV by RigaudThe best-known portrait of Louis XIV was painted by Hyacinthe Rigaud (1659-1743) in 1701. Louis, adorned in his coronation garment lined with ermine, stares directly at the viewer as he flaunts his legs bedecked with high-heeled shoes. Rigaud's ceremonial portrait succeeded in capturing the essence of the divine right absolutism of the king who had proclaimed, "l'etat, c'est moi" (I am the state). (Louvre/R.M.N./Art Resource, NY)

Louis XIV by Rigaud


Rembrandt, The NightwatchThe high point of Rembrandt's portrait-painting career in Amsterdam came in 1642, when he painted the group portrait The Company of Captain Franz Banning Cocq (who had commissioned this painting)--also known as The Night Watch. Due to the excessive layers of grit and varnish that accumulated on the painting over the years, the scene was generally thought to have occurred at night. However, a post-World War II restoration revealed that Rembrandt (1606-1669) used a full palette of rich, golden colors. (Rijksmuseum)

Rembrandt, The Nightwatch


Vermeer, Art of PaintingIn a typically Dutch interior--black and white marble floor, brass chandelier, map of Holland on the wall--an artist paints an allegory of Clio, the Muse of History (often shown holding a book and a trumpet). The Muses, nine goddesses of Greek mythology, were thought to inspire the arts. Considered the second-greatest Dutch painter (after Rembrandt), Jan Vermeer (1632-1675) was a master of scenes of everyday life, but he probably meant his work to be understood on more than one level. (Kunsthistorisches Museum/Art Resource, NY)

Vermeer, Art of Painting


Map: Europe in 1715

Europe in 1715The series of treaties commonly called the Peace of Utrecht (April 1713-November 1715) ended the War of the Spanish Succession and redrew the map of Europe. A French Bourbon king succeeded to the Spanish throne on the understanding that the French would not attempt to unite the French and Spanish crowns. France surrendered to Austria the Spanish Netherlands (later Belgium), then in French hands, and France recognized the Hohenzollern rulers of Prussia. Spain ceded Gibraltar to Great Britain, for which it has been a strategic naval station ever since. Spain also granted to Britain the asiento, the contract for supplying African slaves to America. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.)


Map: Seventeenth-century Dutch Commerce

Seventeenth-century Dutch CommerceDutch wealth rested on commerce, and commerce depended on the huge Dutch merchant marine, manned by perhaps forty-eight thousand sailors. The fleet carried goods from all parts of the globe to the port of Amsterdam. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.)


Map: The Acquisitions of Louis XIV, 1668-1713

The Acquisitions of Louis XIV, 1668-1713The desire for glory and the weakness of his German neighbors encouraged Louis's expansionist policy, but he paid a high price for his acquisitions. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.)

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

maps and images for mckay 8e a history of western society chapter 16 absolutism and...

Documents

collapse of charles

arched mirrors

self portrait

new york public library

end of royal authority

century print

architect louis

selfportrait judith