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Mapping what we know about the third sector workforce

Stephen McKayDomenico Moro

Presentation

A. How we know about the sector (sources of data)

B. Information about those working in the sector

C. The recession and its continuing effects

Organisation-level data• Charity Commission data

– Commercially supplied (‘Guidestar’)– OpenCharities http://opencharities.org/charities.csv.zip

• National Survey of Third Sector Organisations (banded employee data)

• Employer Skills Surveys• Workplace Industrial Relations Study (WIRS)

2004: if 5+ employees• Ad hoc surveys

Sample surveys

• LFS 1993-> (repeated quarterly, cross-sectional)

• BHPS 1991-> (household panel, annual)

• Various other studies – (e.g. NCDS-1958 Scottish Social Attitudes 2007;

Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey)

Respondents are asked to self-classify

• What kind of non-private organisation was it? 1. a public limited company/plc? 2. a nationalised industry/state corporation? 3. central government or civil service?4. local government or council (including police, fire services and local authority

controlled schools/colleges)?5. a university or other grant funded education establishment (include 'opted-out'

schools)?6. a health authority or NHS Trust?7. a charity, voluntary organisation or trust? 8. the armed forces?9. or was it some other kind of organisation?

• Tends to be regarded as a ‘narrow definition’ of the third sector.

Workers in the sector

• Account for around 2.7% of total workers• Two thirds are women, although women

represent under half the workforce• Almost 2 in 5 work part-time• Around 2 in 5 have degrees (average = 28%)• Are slightly older than average (43 years)

Work in the sector

• Over 7 in 10 are working in ‘Public admin, education and health’ (3 in 10 overall)– Health and social work related activities are the

most common industries• 5% say ‘Activities of religious organisations’ [9491]

• About 3 in 10 are managers or professionals – more than the private sector, somewhat less than the public sector

Work in the sector

• Some evidence that levels of job satisfaction are converging with other sectors (Donegani, McKay and Moro, VSSN 2011)

• No decline in average paid working hours since 2007 (despite overall decline)

Employment rate (16-64s) since 1993

This recession is different?1980s 1990s 2000s

Output -4.7 -2.5 -6.2

Employment -2.4 -3.4 -1.9

Average hours -3.0 -1.9 -2.2

Real hourly wages 2.7 7.3 0.1

Source: Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin 2010 Q1

Large drop in output – but more ‘adjustment’ via wages and hours compared to before.Largest effects on young people, and on specific sectors (manufacturing, finance, construction).2008-10 = private sector recession; 2011 = public and third sector recession …?

Changes elsewhere 2007-

Private sector Public sector

Changes in employment – third sector

Under-employment and payPrivate Public Third

Wants to work more hours (%)

2008-Q2 7 8 10

2011-Q2 10 9 13

Work PT, since cannot find FT work (%)

2008-Q2 10 8 10

2011-Q2 18 12 18

Rate of gross hourly pay (median)

2008-Q2 £8.90 £11.20 £9.60

2011-Q2 £9.40 £12.50 £10.10

Change +5.3% +11.6% +5.3%

Job is not permanent (%)

2008-Q2 4 8 9

2011-Q2 5 9 11

Conclusions

• A small sector: a period of stable growth followed by recent (and future?) decline