mapping the ecosystem: the evolution of the global women entrepreneur leaders scorecard
TRANSCRIPT
Mapping the Gendered Ecosystem:The Evolution of the Global Women Entrepreneur
Leaders Scorecard
Ruta Aidis, PhDWomen in Enterprise Series
Telfer School of Management, University of OttawaDecember 2, 2016 1
Outline• Gendered business case• Types of women entrepreneurs• Development of a gendered entrepreneurship index• Results• Lessons learned• New Developments
R. Aidis (2016) Women's Enterprise Series - Telfer School of Management 2
The Gendered Business Case:• The top business-related indices are gender-blind• Established women entrepreneurs 33% in Canada, 38% in the USA (2012)
However…• $290 - 360 billion USD annual financing gap for women entrepreneurs (Stein & Grewe 2011)• 2% of women entrepreneurs break the $1 million USD mark (EY 2014)
In addition…• The percentages of women entrepreneurs decreases with firm size• Evidence of a ‘glass ceiling’ in entrepreneurship (Spencer 2011)
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Reluctant Entrepreneurs
Potential & PromisingEntrepreneurs
Die-hard & Privileged
Entrepreneurs
Not all female entrepreneurs are the same…
Source: Aidis, R. (2014) The Melting Middle: Why Public Policy plays a critical role for entrepreneurship developmentR. Aidis (2016) Women's Enterprise Series - Telfer School of Management 4
Potential & PromisingEntrepreneurs
Policy impacts
How to expand the pool of growth oriented women entrepreneurs?
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The Evolution of a Measurement Tool
Gender-GEDI (2013-14)• Raise Awareness• Policy makers
• Composite index based on GEDI model• 50% gendered variables• 17-30 countries• Penalty for Bottleneck
Global Women Entrepreneur Leaders Scorecard (2015)• Awareness to Action•Policy makers, Corporations, Media, Entrepreneurs, Individuals• Composite gender focused index and supplemental data• 71% gendered variables• 31 countries• Geometric Means
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Business environment
Scorecard Index Categories
Access to Resources
Leadership and rights
Pipeline for Entrepreneurs
hip
Potential Entrepreneur
Leaders
Does this country foster growth oriented and scaling businesses?
Do women have access to fundamental resources needed for business success?
Do women enjoy equal legal rights, social visibility and professional freedom?
Do women have the entrepreneurial spirit and skills for business startup?
Are there high impact women entrepreneurs?
ss
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Business environment
6
Scorecard Index Datasets Used
Access to Resources
4Leadership and rights
4Pipeline for
Entrepreneurship4
Potential Entrepreneur
Leaders3
World Economic Forum (3)
Corruptions Perceptions Index
UNESCO
Doing Business Index (WB)
UNESCO
International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
Findex (WB)
Women’s Economic Opportunity Index (EIU)
Gender Institutions and Development (OECD)
Women Business and the Law (WB)
World Values Survey
Global Gender Gap Index (WEF)
Linked In
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)
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Canada#2, 69%
USA #1, 71%
Australia#3, 69%
Sweden#4, 68%UK
#5, 65%
France#6, 62%
Germany#7, 61%
Poland#8, 56%
Chile #9, 51%
Japan #10, 49%
Spain#11, 49%
Jamaica#12, 49%
Mexico#13, 46%
Peru#14, 45%
Panama#15, 44%
China#16, 44%
South Korea
#17, 44%
Brazil#18, 43%
Russia#19, 43%
South Africa#20, 41%
Malaysia
#21, 40%
Thailand#22, 39%Nigeria
#23, 38%
Turkey #24, 36%
Uganda#25, 36%
Ghana#26, 35%
Tunisia#27, 29%
Egypt#28, 24%
India#29, 17%
Pakistan#30, 14%
Bangladesh #31, 12%
2 0 1 5 G L O B A L W O M E N E N T R E P R E N E U R L E A D E R S S C O R E C A R D R E S U L T S
2015 Scorecard Rankings
total GDP
Rank Country Score Rank Country Score
Rank Country Score
1 USA 71 10-12
Jamaica 49 23 Nigeria 38
2-3 Canada 69 13 Mexico 46 24-25
Turkey 36
2-3 Australia
69 14 Peru 45 24-25
Uganda 36
4 Sweden
68 15-17
Panama 44 26 Ghana 35
5 UK 65 15-17
China 44 27 Tunisia 29
6 France 62 15-17
South Korea
44 28 Egypt 24
7 Germany
61 18-19
Brazil 43 29 India 17
8 Poland 56 18-19
Russia 43 30 Pakistan 14
9 Chile 51 20 South Africa
41 31 Bangladesh
12
10-12
Japan 49 21 Malaysia 40
10-12
Spain 49 22 Thailand 39
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Business environment
Scorecard Category Results
Access to Resources
Leadership and rights
Pipeline for Entrepreneurs
hip
Potential Entrepreneur
Leaders
HIGHEST SCORING COUNTRY: USA & SwedenLOWEST SCORING COUNTRY: Bangladesh
HIGHEST SCORING COUNTRY: UKLOWEST SCORING COUNTRY: Pakistan
HIGHEST SCORING COUNTRY: USALOWEST SCORING COUNTRY: Pakistan
HIGHEST SCORING COUNTRY: NigeriaLOWEST SCORING COUNTRY: Japan
HIGHEST SCORING COUNTRY: AustraliaLOWEST SCORING COUNTRY: Brazil
Gender Procurement
Policy
Policy, Data & Leadership in the private sector
Gendered Data
CollectionWomen
CEOsWomen on
BoardsWomen Senior
ManagersUSA: 5% target
South Africa: Preference system for women entrepreneurs
ANNUAL BUSINESS CENSUS & GOVERNMENT FUNDING: ChileANNUAL BUSINESS CENSUS: USA, Germany France, SwedenGOVERNMENT FUNDING: Mexico
HIGHEST Nigeria 8%
USA 4.6%LOWEST 0%France, Germany, Jamaica, Panama
8 countries missing data
HIGHEST France 30% LOWEST S. Korea 1%
7 countries missing data
HIGHEST Russia 40% LOWEST Peru 5%
6 countries missing data
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R. Aidis (2016) Women's Enterprise Series - Telfer School of Management 13
#DWEN
S c o r e c a r d C a l l t o A c t i o n
GOVERNMENTS
CORPORATIONS
MEDIA ENTREPRENEURLEADERS
INDIVIDUALS
R. Aidis (2016) Women's Enterprise Series - Telfer School of Management
#DWEN
How the Scorecard is usedBy Corporations• Assess country differences for CSR involvement• Advocate for change through local Government Affairs Offices• Identify candidate countries for Supplier Diversity initiativesBy International Organizations• One-stop country analysis for program development (IFC)By Governments• Benchmark change• Identify targeted initiativesBy Researchers• Country comparative data
R. Aidis (2016) Women's Enterprise Series - Telfer School of Management
Lessons Learned1) Indices can act as powerful incentive for change
2) Concrete steps are being taken
3) Data gaps remain• Access to Finance• Social Norms• Access to Networks• Access to Education: STEM• Access to SME training programs (ratio)• Media / visibility /leadership• Business Internet usage
4) A blended approach is beneficial R. Aidis (2016) Women's Enterprise Series - Telfer School of Management 16
#DWEN
New Developments Economic Gendered Analysis • Do Women Ask? (Artz, Goodall, Oswald, 2016)
• World Bank’s Gender Innovation Lab
Gendered Integration & Data • World Bank’s Doing Business Index• Data 2.0• UN HLP Women’s Economic Empowerment
Focus on High Impact Entrepreneurship• 2017 World Bank report
Gendered Policy Comparisons• Women’s Entrepreneurship Policy: A 13 Nation Cross-Country Comparison
R. Aidis (2016) Women's Enterprise Series - Telfer School of Management
#DWEN
Thank you
[email protected] [email protected]
[email protected]. Aidis (2016) Women's Enterprise Series - Telfer School of Management