map of currents which of the following does not cause currents? a. wind b. the earth's rotation...

Map of CurrentsMap of Currents

Which of the following does Which of the following does NOT cause currents?NOT cause currents?

A.A. windwind

B.B. the Earth's rotationthe Earth's rotation

C.C. moon’s gravitational pullmoon’s gravitational pull

D.D. differences in water density differences in water density within oceans.within oceans.

TRUE or FALSE?:TRUE or FALSE?:Waves, currents, and tides Waves, currents, and tides can all be caused by wind.can all be caused by wind.

FALSEFALSEOnly waves and currents Only waves and currents can be caused by wind.can be caused by wind.

Surface currents are caused Surface currents are caused by:by:

A. differences in densityA. differences in densityB. windB. windC. temperature differencesC. temperature differences

Surface currents are caused Surface currents are caused by:by:B. windB. wind

________ are winds that blow ________ are winds that blow in regular directions almost in regular directions almost

all the time.all the time.A. global windsA. global windsB. coriolis effectB. coriolis effect

C. prevailing windsC. prevailing winds

________ are winds that blow ________ are winds that blow in regular directions almost in regular directions almost

all the time.all the time.

C. prevailing windsC. prevailing winds

____________ is the effect of ____________ is the effect of the Earth’s rotation on the the Earth’s rotation on the

direction of winds and direction of winds and currents.currents.

A. global windsA. global windsB. coriolis effectB. coriolis effect

C. El NinoC. El Nino

The Coriolis EffectThe Coriolis Effect

Cold currents come Cold currents come from_________.from_________.

Warm currents come Warm currents come from_________.from_________.

•AA_______________is _______________is the pattern of the pattern of temperature and temperature and precipitation typical precipitation typical of an area over a of an area over a long period of time.long period of time.

TRUE OR FALSE:TRUE OR FALSE:Currents move warm and Currents move warm and

cold water around the cold water around the globe. globe.

The Gulf Stream flows______.The Gulf Stream flows______.A. southwestA. southwestB. northeastB. northeastC. northwestC. northwest

D. straight northD. straight north

The Gulf Stream brings The Gulf Stream brings _______ water to European _______ water to European

countries, thus making their countries, thus making their climates ___________.climates ___________.

TRUE OR FALSE:TRUE OR FALSE:The Gulf Stream causes The Gulf Stream causes

countries in Europe to have countries in Europe to have a colder climate.a colder climate.

Gulf StreamGulf Stream

What are deep What are deep ocean ocean currents?currents?

Deep currentsDeep currents are caused by differences in are caused by differences in density rather than surface winds.density rather than surface winds.

Density depends on temperature and salinity.Density depends on temperature and salinity.

The more salty and cold ocean water is the denser The more salty and cold ocean water is the denser it is. More dense water drops to the bottom of it is. More dense water drops to the bottom of the ocean and separates from less dense water, the ocean and separates from less dense water, and that movement creates a currentand that movement creates a current

Which of the following will sink Which of the following will sink because it is more dense?because it is more dense?

A. cold waterA. cold waterB. warm waterB. warm water

Which of the following will sink Which of the following will sink because it is more dense?because it is more dense?

A. freshwaterA. freshwaterB. saltwaterB. saltwater

Deep ocean currents are Deep ocean currents are caused by____________.caused by____________.A. windA. windB. gravitational pull of moonB. gravitational pull of moonC. differences in densityC. differences in density

• _______________ is the upward movement _______________ is the upward movement of cold water from the ocean depths. It of cold water from the ocean depths. It brings up tiny ocean organisms, brings up tiny ocean organisms, minerals, and other nutrients from the minerals, and other nutrients from the deeper layers of the water. deeper layers of the water.

• A. El NinoA. El Nino

• B. Coriolis EffectB. Coriolis Effect

• C. upwellingC. upwelling

•_____________ is _____________ is an abnormal an abnormal climate event climate event that occurs every that occurs every 2 to 7 years in 2 to 7 years in the Pacific Ocean.the Pacific Ocean.

• It causes a It causes a warmer climate warmer climate and effects and effects rainfall and rainfall and upwelling.upwelling.

El NiEl NiññooVideo of Regular Video of Regular Conditions, El Nino Conditions, El Nino conditions, and El Nina conditions, and El Nina conditions: conditions:

http://http://esminfo.prenhall.com/esminfo.prenhall.com/science/geoanimations/science/geoanimations/animations/animations/26_NinoNina.html26_NinoNina.html

TidesTides

• A A tidetide is caused by: is caused by:

A. windA. wind

B. gravitational pull of the moonB. gravitational pull of the moon

C. desnity differences.C. desnity differences.

TidesTides

TidesTides

• At high tide, the ocean At high tide, the ocean water has risen as high water has risen as high as it will go on a shore.as it will go on a shore.

• At low tide, the ocean At low tide, the ocean water has fallen as low water has fallen as low as it can go on a shore.as it can go on a shore.

TidesTides

The highest point that The highest point that ocean water comes on ocean water comes on shore in a day is shore in a day is called____________.called____________.

TidesTides

The lowest point that The lowest point that ocean water comes on ocean water comes on shore in a day is shore in a day is called____________.called____________.

TidesTidesThe amount of time that The amount of time that passes between one high passes between one high tide and the next high tide tide and the next high tide is____.is____.

A. 6 hoursA. 6 hours

B. 12.25 hoursB. 12.25 hours

C. 24 hoursC. 24 hours

TidesTides

The amount of time that The amount of time that passes between high tide passes between high tide and and low tide is____.and and low tide is____.

A. 6 hoursA. 6 hours

B. 12.25 hoursB. 12.25 hours

C. 24 hoursC. 24 hours

Drawing of low tide/high tide for a 24 hour Drawing of low tide/high tide for a 24 hour period. period.

If it is 3pm for the first low tide, six hours later it If it is 3pm for the first low tide, six hours later it will be (the next box). Label and put time and will be (the next box). Label and put time and

picture. Also show the number of hours between picture. Also show the number of hours between each picture of the tides. each picture of the tides.

When the sun When the sun and moon pull and moon pull at right angles at right angles to each other, to each other, producing a producing a ________________________________.____.

A A _____________________________ tide is a tide _ tide is a tide with the least with the least difference difference between low between low and high tide.and high tide.

•The greatest range The greatest range between high and low between high and low tide, called a tide, called a ____________________________________..

What type of tide is this?What type of tide is this?

Quick CheckQuick Check

1. What causes tides but NOT waves 1. What causes tides but NOT waves and currents?and currents?

A. winds and the moon’s gravityA. winds and the moon’s gravity

B. mostly the moon’s gravityB. mostly the moon’s gravity

C. mostly the sun’s gravityC. mostly the sun’s gravity

D. only windsD. only winds


2. At the full moon, the combined 2. At the full moon, the combined gravitational pulls of the sun and the gravitational pulls of the sun and the moon produce amoon produce a

A. surface current.A. surface current.

B. neap tide.B. neap tide.

C. spring tide.C. spring tide.

D. rip current.D. rip current.


3. A tide which water reaches its lowest 3. A tide which water reaches its lowest point on the beach each day is calledpoint on the beach each day is called

A. neap tide.A. neap tide.

B. high tide.B. high tide.


D. low tide.D. low tide.


4. Tide with the least difference 4. Tide with the least difference between high and low tide is calledbetween high and low tide is called






5. A tide in which water reaches its 5. A tide in which water reaches its highest point on the beach each day is highest point on the beach each day is called a called a






6. If the first high tide of the day 6. If the first high tide of the day occurs at 1:00 am, the next high tide occurs at 1:00 am, the next high tide will come closest towill come closest to

A. 7:00 amA. 7:00 am

B. 1:00 am the next dayB. 1:00 am the next day

C. 7:00 pmC. 7:00 pm

D. 1:00 pmD. 1:00 pm


7. Tide with the greatest difference 7. Tide with the greatest difference between high and low tide is called a between high and low tide is called a






8. High tides occur 8. High tides occur

A. once every two days.A. once every two days.

B. once a day.B. once a day.

C. twice a day.C. twice a day.

D. four times a day.D. four times a day.

1. A ________________ 1. A ________________ is a disturbance that is a disturbance that transfers energy transfers energy through matter or through matter or space.space.

WaveWave

A wave is a A wave is a disturbance disturbance that transfers that transfers energy through energy through matter or matter or space.space.

2. What 3 things 2. What 3 things cause waves?cause waves?

2. What causes a 2. What causes a Wave?Wave?

•1. Wind1. Wind•2. undersea 2. undersea earthquakesearthquakes

•3. undersea landslides3. undersea landslides

Undersea LandslidesUndersea Landslides

Undersea EarthquakesUndersea Earthquakes

3. Wind, earthquakes, and 3. Wind, earthquakes, and landslides transfer __________ landslides transfer __________ to the water to create waves.to the water to create waves.

A. soundA. soundB. waterB. waterC. energyC. energy

4. What is the name of wave 4. What is the name of wave part A?part A?

A

B

CD

What is the name of wave What is the name of wave part A?part A?

B

CD

5. What is the name of wave 5. What is the name of wave part B?part B?

A

B

CD

5. What is the name of wave 5. What is the name of wave part B?part B?

A

CD

6. What is the name of wave 6. What is the name of wave part D?part D?

A

B

CD

6. What is the name of wave 6. What is the name of wave part D?part D?

A

B

C

7. What is the name of wave 7. What is the name of wave part C?part C?

A

B

CD

7. What is the name of wave 7. What is the name of wave part C?part C?

A

B

D

Parts of a WaveParts of a Wave

8. 8. The highest part of The highest part of a wave is__________. a wave is__________.

9. 9. The lowest part of The lowest part of a wave is__________. a wave is__________.

10. 10. The number of The number of ways that pass a ways that pass a certain point in a certain point in a certain amount of certain amount of

time is called time is called __________.__________.

11. 11. The vertical The vertical distance from a distance from a

crest to a trough is crest to a trough is called _________.called _________.

11. 11. The horizontal The horizontal distance from a distance from a

crest to a crest OR a crest to a crest OR a trough to a trough is trough to a trough is

called_________.called_________.

Diagram of a WaveDiagram of a Wave

12. True or False?12. True or False?Water particles Water particles

move across the move across the ocean. ocean.

13. What direction 13. What direction do water particles do water particles

move?move?

Let’s DO the WAVELet’s DO the WAVE

Imagine: YOU are Imagine: YOU are a particle of water. a particle of water.

How does the water move in How does the water move in a wave?a wave?

Like the bottle in the Like the bottle in the picture, water remains picture, water remains in the same place as a in the same place as a wave of energy travels wave of energy travels through it.through it.

• Show Video #26:

http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~mjcarlso/ST/videos.html

14. What 3 things cause 14. What 3 things cause the size of the wave to the size of the wave to

INCREASE?INCREASE?

15. The wind in the 15. The wind in the Atlantic Ocean blows for Atlantic Ocean blows for 6 hours. The wind in the 6 hours. The wind in the

Pacific blows for 30 Pacific blows for 30 minutes. Which ocean minutes. Which ocean will have larger waves?will have larger waves?

16. On Monday, the wind 16. On Monday, the wind blows at 5 mph. On blows at 5 mph. On

Wednesday, it blows at Wednesday, it blows at 40 mph. Which day do I 40 mph. Which day do I want to go to the beach want to go to the beach for the biggest waves to for the biggest waves to

surf?surf?

17. The wind is only 17. The wind is only blowing across a ½ mile blowing across a ½ mile of water at 8 am. At 4 of water at 8 am. At 4

pm, it is blowing across pm, it is blowing across about 3 miles of water. about 3 miles of water. At which time will I see At which time will I see

the largest waves?the largest waves?

18. How do waves Change 18. How do waves Change Near Shore? Near Shore?

A.A.Wave length increases and wave Wave length increases and wave height increasesheight increases

B.B.Wavelength decreases and wave Wavelength decreases and wave height decreasesheight decreases

C.C.Wave height increases and Wave height increases and wavelength decreaseswavelength decreases

D.D.Wave height decreases and Wave height decreases and wavelength increaseswavelength increases

19. What is this called?19. What is this called?

Rip CurrentsRip Currents• Rip CurrentsRip Currents – a rush of water that flows – a rush of water that flows

rapidly back to sea through a narrow rapidly back to sea through a narrow openingopening

How Waves Affect the ShoreHow Waves Affect the Shore

•SandbarSandbar –as waves slow down, they –as waves slow down, they deposit the sand they are carrying on the deposit the sand they are carrying on the shallow, underwater slope in a long ridge.shallow, underwater slope in a long ridge.

Longshore DriftLongshore DriftLongshore DriftLongshore Drift – movement of sand – movement of sand

along the beach at an anglealong the beach at an angle

22. __________ are built to 22. __________ are built to stop the effect of long shore stop the effect of long shore

drift.drift.

23. TRUE OR FALSE: Groins 23. TRUE OR FALSE: Groins can cause erosion further can cause erosion further

down the beach.down the beach.

24. What moves 24. What moves sand along the shore sand along the shore

at an angle?at an angle?

24. What moves sand along 24. What moves sand along the shore at an angle?the shore at an angle?

Long shore driftLong shore drift

CURRENTSCURRENTS

map of currents which of the following does not cause currents? a. wind b. the earth's rotation...

Documents

cold ocean water

water density

saltwaterdeep ocean

dense water

warm currents

deep currents

pacific ocean

ocean depths