manual changes

8/9/2019 Manual Changes

1/91


2/91

mportant Changes between STARS 2!"1 and 2#"1

Natural Fracture

(atural fracture options have %een improved significantl*! &reviousl* effective fractureporosit* and pseudo values of thermal roc. properties were re/uired! (ow porosities and

thermal roc. properties are treated consistentl* and onl* intrinsic values are re/uired! In

addition new .e*words allow more correct and convenient treatment of roc.-in-fracture

cases! (umerous improvements have %een made to internal natural-fracture calculations for

%oth fluid flow and heat conduction and corrections were made to the 1sers 3uide including

Appendi, +!4!

Geomechanics

(ew features have %een added to the constitutive models as well as the coupling %etween

geomechanics and fluid flow! A dilation angle is availa%le with two constitutive models and

results in non-associated flow! Coupling %etween geomechanics and fluid-flow can %e made

more implicit %* increasing the num%er of geomechanics updates done in a fluid-flow time

step! A new coupling option solves undrained pro%lems where changes in pore pressure andporosit* are due mainl* to e,ternal mechanical loading rather than fluid flow! 5or the

Barton-Bandis fracture permea%ilit* option a new .e*word lets *ou specif* e,plicitl* the

fracture direction instead of calculating it from the ma,imum principle effective stress!

Electrical Heating

&reviousl* electrical heating solved onl* one electrical current e/uation and so could model

onl* single-phase or direct current applications! A second current e/uation has %een added

along with additional electrical %oundar* controls so that a multi-phase electrical potential

can %e specified! See Appendi, 3 in the 1ser 3uide as well as new templates elec#!dat and

elec!dat in release director* 6tpl7electric8!

In addition electrical heating .e*word descriptions have %een moved for Appendi, 3 to themain 1sers 3uide sections! Also the option now has a non-9ero heating rate in the first time

step and honours all current-t*pe constraints simultaneousl*!

Discretized Wellbore in Recurrent Data

(ew .e*word ;+(A3RI$ $+R+5I(+!

2 $e%% and Recurrent &ata User's Guide STARS


3/91

&ata Incompatibi%ities with revious (ersions o) STARS

The following mandatorydata changes must be done to an existing STARS data set in order

for it to work correctly with version 2007.

"! Changes to natural fracture options will re/uire modification of some e,isting data

organi9ed under R=C)T>&+! &reviousl* these properties were given pseudovalues calculated from intrinsic ?unfractured matri,@ values using formulas that

were found in section 65racture and atri, &roperties8 of Appendi, +!4! (ow

these input parameters should have their intrinsic values even for roc.-in-fracture

cases! Conse/uentl* there is no longer a need for separate R=C)T>&+ t*pes for

matri, and fracture if the* have the same intrinsic formation properties! See the

updated Appendi, +!4 as well as section 6(atural 5racture Changes for v2008 in

the =ther Reservoir &roperties 1sers 3uide chapter!

2! A dimension error message will result if two special histories ?=1TSR5

S&+CIA


4/91

+ew ,e-words Added to STARS 2!"1

"! (ew gridEarra* readEoption BI(AR>E$ATA allows *ou to ac/uire store and

transfer data in %inar* form! This su%.e*word was in v200#!"0 %ut did not appear

in the 1sers 3uide!

2! (ew =1TSR5 3RI$ su%.e*words &=R$I55 and STR+S(=R dumpgeomechanic information! These su%.e*words were in v200#!"0 %ut do not appear

in the 1sers 3uide!

! (ew .e*word $>(3R$5R+ lets *ou control the fre/uenc* of grid dumps to

the SR2 for d*namic gridding! This .e*word was in v200#!"0 %ut did not appear

in the 1sers 3uide!

! (ew =1TSR5 3RI$ su%.e*word '&=R=ST3+= gives geomechanics true

porosit* ?current pore volume divided %* current %ul. volume@ and new

su%.e*words &RJ$IR and &R($IR allow *ou to overla* grid plots with

vectors of ma,imum and minimum respectivel* principle effective stress!

D! (ew su%option =I


5/91

"! (ew .e*word TRA(L=(+ allows *ou to use water-oil capillar* pressure curves

to generate a water-gas transition 9one in a water-gas s*stem!

"! (ew .e*word ;=CES; allows *ou to specif* the water saturation %elow oil-

water contact for an initiali9ation region!

"D! (ew .e*word $TI( allows *ou to over-ride the default minimum timestep si9efor applications at small time scales!

"#! (ew geomechanics .e*word $I

reinitiali9ed %efore ever* time step or (ewtonian iteration!

22! (ew su%.e*word SH1T=;S of 3C=(& and 3C=( allows *ou to

specif* that a list of prioriti9ed most-offending wells should %e shut if a given

monitor is violated!

2! ;ell control .e*word =&+RAT+ has new su%.e*words $;( $;A and

$;B which allow *ou to specif* a drawdown pressure constraint t*pe! Alsounder =&+RAT+ the descriptions of ST5 and BH5 were merged!

2! (ew &H;+C


6/91

2K! (ew .e*word A&&=R-+TH=$ specifies the apportionment method to

distri%ute the production or inMection rates among contri%uting wells or groups for

meeting the group target?s@ defined %* 3C=(& or 3C=(I!

0! (ew .e*word &RI=R-5=R defines the priorit* formulae and numerical control

parameters for the priorit* ran.ing apportionment method set %* A&&=R-+TH=$ &RI=R to meet group targets!

"! (ew $>(A3RI$ su%.e*word &R+SS lets *ou control amalgamation for

pressure sensitive processes li.e $I


7/91

0nhancements to 0isting ,e-words

"! The default value of $>(3R$5R+ was changed from " ?ever* grid change

timestep@ to 0 ?ever* output time@!

2! Before v200#!"2 there was a limit of D00 special historiesG now there is no internal

limit! However there is a new condition that each special histor* must appear on aseparate data line and a dimension error message will result if it is violated!

! Bloc.-%ased special histories ?BL 3&+R+S 3&+RBB@!

! Relative permea%ilit* results are correct when )RT>&+E'+RT is used together

with an* per-%loc. relative permea%ilit* end-point option ?e!g! BS=R;@ in

which values var* in the vertical direction!

4! The L 3&+R+S 3&+RBB@!

"2! SAI(5= is now referenced %* &H;+


8/91

"D! The =(-TI+ option was improved to account for well groups and the manual

entr* for =(-TI+ was re-written! See new template 6stwwm0#!dat8!

"#! Section 6atri,F5racture Addressing $efaults8 was added to the end of the manual

description for .e*words H+ATR etc!

"! In the $>(A3RI$ manual page the description of .e*word $>(A3RI$-TSI(T was improved and section 6'iewing $*namic 3rid Changes8 was added!

"4! The e,planation of heterogeneous properties with $>(A3RI$ was replaced

with sections 6&ropert* odels and 3rid Changes8 6In-&lace Amounts8

6Heterogeneous &ropert* odels8 and 6&roperties with H*steresis8!

"K! The values of A'ISC and B'ISC in Ta%le have %een corrected!

20! +lectrical heating code and documentation state that the option is not allowed

together with the IS=TH+RA< formulation option adaptive-implicit ?AI@

options and d*namic ?$>(A3RI$@ and recurrent gridding options!

2"! +lectrical heating rate updates are done in a time step until the electrical %oundar*

constraints stop changing including the first time step!

22! ultiple electrical %oundar* constraints of t*pe C1RR+(T are honouredsimultaneousl*G previousl* onl* the most restrictive one was used!

2! All electrical heating .e*word descriptions were moved for Appendi, 3 to the

main 1sers 3uide sections ?IF= Control =ther Reservoir &roperties ;ell and

Recurrent $ata@!

2! Improvements were made to the documentation of (umerical Control .e*words!

In the summar* section of the (umerical ethods Control chapter see 61sage in

=ther Sections8 and 6Changing (umerical Controls at Restart8!

2D! $escriptions of parallel processing and &ARAS=< input data were improved and

&ARAS=< data values are now echoed!

$e%% and Recurrent &ata User's Guide STARS


9/91


10/91

stsmo0"!dat Illustrate S=&+ECTR;ATF=I


11/91

Command45ine Arguments 6Optiona%7

,-R,()E.

Specif* some run information via command line!F(R*#.

stars.exe ? -f in!ut"data@

? -log @

? -r in!ut"restart@

? -restart ? nstart@ @

? -restime restime@

? -stoptimesto!time@

? -chec.onl* @

? -dimsum @

? -onestep @

? -ma,steps nsto!@

? -wd!ath -dd @? -wait @

? -doms ? i!ldom@ @

? -parasol ? n #@

? -aimsol @

DEFN#(N).

stars.exe

STARS invocation command usuall* the name of an e,ecuta%le file! It can

%e a local file a lin. to a file or merel* accessi%le via search rules!

-f in!ut"data

Specifies that in!ut"datais the path name to a STARS input data file!

-log

Specifies that consol 6diar*8 output will %e redirected to a file whose name

has the same %ase as the output files %ut e,tension 6!log8! This file will not

contain error or status messages from the operating s*stem!

-r in!ut"restart

Specifies that in!ut"restartis the path name to a STARS input restart IR5generated %* a previous STARS run! The R5 and possi%l* RR5 files

re/uired for restart also will %e o%tained from similar pathnames! This

option overrides pathnames specified %* su%.e*words I($+J-I( AI(-

R+S1


12/91

R+START data in the file! If %oth -restart and -restime appear in the

command line -restart is ignored!

-restime restime

+/uivalent to putting R+STI+ restimein *our data! See manual entr* for

R+STI+! This command-line argument overrides R+STI+ data in thefile! If %oth -restart and -restime appear in the command line -restart is

ignored!

-stoptimesto!time

Stops the simulation atsto!time?da*s da*s mins@ which must correspond

to a simulation reference time specified via TI+ or $AT+ in the

recurrent data section %efore the first ST=& .e*word!

-chec.onl*

+/uivalent to putting CH+C)=( in *our data! See the manual entr* for

CH+C)=(!

-dimsum

+/uivalent to putting $I $IS1 in *our data!

-onestep

+/uivalent to putting AJST+&S " in *our data!

-ma,steps nsto!

+/uivalent to putting AJST+&S nsto!in *our data!

-wd!ath

=utput files will %e written to the director* given %*!ath! This option is

useful in an environment where the 6current director*8 ma* not %e defined!

-dd

=utput files will %e written to the director* that contains the data file! This

option is intended to %e used when an a%solute pathname has %een supplied

via the 6-f8 argument!

-wait

If all availa%le licenses are %eing used this argument .eeps the process in a

Osleep mode until a license is availa%le ?up to 2 hrs@! Availa%le on &C onl*!

This option is useful when several Mo%s are su%mitted via the C3

Technolog*


13/91

-doms ? i!ldom@

+na%les parallel processing for Naco%ian %uilding! =ptional i!ldomspecifies

the target num%er of planes per Naco%ian domain ?default @! This argument

overrides all data specified via .e*words $&&+!

-parasol ? n #+na%les parallel processing for matri, solution via &ARAS=

specifies the num%er of threads to use ?default 2@! See .e*word S=

DEF-#).

If an input data filename is not supplied here via argument -f then STARS will prompt for it!

If this is a restart run and the input restart filename is not supplied here via argument -r or

via .e*words 5I


14/91

Starting Timestep or Time 8R0START9 8R0STI:0

,-R,()E.

Specif* the starting timestep or time!F(R*#.

R+START ?nstart@

R+STI+ restime

DEFN#(N).

R+START ? nstart@

Specif* num%er of the time step from which to restart the simulation!

Command-line argument O-restart is another wa* to specif* R+START!

R+STI+restime

Specif* time ?da*s da*s mins@ of the time step from which to restart the

simulation! This option wor.s %est when restimecorresponds to a simulationreference time specified via TI+ or $AT+ in the recurrent data section of

the previous run! Also restimema* %e a non-reference time %ut it must match

the time of the target restart record within the first decimal digits! 1se

R+START when R+STI+ pic.s incorrectl* from a group of recordswhose times do not differ in the first digits! Command-line argument O-

restime is another wa* to specif* R+STI+!

DEF-#).

If R+START and R+STI+ are a%sent no restart records are read and the first timestep

num%er is "!

If R+START is present without nstart the last restart record in I($+J-I( is used!3(ND#(N).

If R+START or R+STI+ is present then the restart files denoted %* I($+J-I( and

AI(-R+S1


15/91

Items in Simu%ation Resu%ts ;i%e 6Optiona%7 8OUTSR;9 8&


16/91

independent of each other! 5or =1TSR5 3RI$ and S&+CIA< one item

can %e dumped with more than one unit t*pe at the same time! 5or e,ample

=1TSR5 3RI$ '=< A$S=R& (1 A$S=R&

causes adsor%ed components to %e reported in R+S1

=BH


17/91

&H;+


18/91

E4,N#(N.

! ! !

)treamline ,lots

=1TSR5 3RI$ su%.e*word STR


19/91

Reservoir &escription

Summar- o) Reservoir &escription &ata

This section contains data descri%ing the %asic reservoir definition and the simulation grid

used to represent it! These data can %e classified into the following groups:

"! Simulation 3rid and 3rid Refinement =ptions

2! Choice of (atural 5racture Reservoir =ptions

! ;ell $iscreti9ation =ption

! Basis Reservoir Roc. &roperties

D! Sector =ptions

Grid ("tions

STARS supports the following grid t*pes:

a@ 5inite-$ifference ?5$@ 3rid

i@ Cartesian

ii@ Radial

iii@ 'aria%le depthFthic.ness

%@ Corner &oint

5or the 5$ grid option the following .e*words are re/uired:

3RI$

$I

$N

$)

3rid t*pe should %e followed %* CART or RA$IAuired7 8I+ITIA5

,-R,()E.

I(ITIA< indicates the %eginning of initial condition values!

F(R*#.

I(ITIA. Geometrical re"resentation o9 3lass distribution under di99erent ipatrns

. $e%% and Recurrent &ata User's Guide STARS


49/91

#able >. )ummar& o9 number o9 le!els and classes under di99erent ipatrns

i"atrn Descri"tion #otal

le!els

#otal

classes

3lass

Distribution

Remar8s

e!el

>

e!el

2

e!el

?

0 Single Class ?li.e AIS=


50/91

ara%%e% acobian4ui%ding %anes per &omain 6Optiona%7 8&5A+0S

,-R,()E.

Specif* target num%er of planes per domain for parallel Naco%ian %uilding!F(R*#.

$&


51/91

ara%%e% acobian4ui%ding &omain +umbers 6Optiona%7 8&T&+ specifies domain num%ers of individual %loc.s for parallel Naco%ian %uilding!RR1.

$T>&+

DEFN#(N).

$T>&+

+na%le parallel processing for Naco%ian %uilding and specif* a positive

integer for each %loc.s domain num%er!

DEF-#).

If $T>&+ $&&+ multiple processors must %e availa%le! See &(THR$S!

$T>&+ .e*word data is over-ridden %* command-line argument 6-doms8!

If %oth .e*words $T>&+ and $&&+ data is ignored!

E4,N#(N.

This .e*word e,plicitl* sets the Naco%ian domains of individual %loc.s! See

+J&


52/91

Geomechanics

Summar- o) Geomechanica% :ode%

There are two separate model options:

"! &lastic and (onlinear +lastic $eformation odel

2! Single-;ell Boundar* 1nloading odel

+ach of these options is descri%ed in detail %elow!

Re=uired :e&+ords

This entire section is optional! If either of the two options is chosen the .e*words re/uired

for that option are descri%ed %elow!

,lastic and Nonlinear Elastic De9ormation *odel

The plastic deformation model performs a finite-element elasto-plastic stress anal*sis of the

reservoir formation using a specific set of displacement and traction %oundar* conditions!

The theor* of plasticit* provides the theoretical description of the relationship %etween

stresses and strains for a material which e,hi%its an elasto- plastic response! $etail discussion

on the theor* of plasticit* ma* %e found in man* te,t%oo.s on the su%Mect for e,ample

Hoffman and Sachs ?"KD@ or &rager ?"KDK@!

;hen a material %ehaves elasticall* its stress-strain properties can %e descri%ed %* twomaterial constants! 5or e,ample >oungWs modulus and &oissonWs ratio is a set of such

constants! However the material ma* e,hi%it plastic %ehaviour at an increased stress state! In

this case a *ield criterion to prescri%e the stress state at which plastic flow commences must

%e included! This is further complicated %* the fact that different class of material e,hi%it

different elasto- plastic characteristics! The post *ield stress-strain %ehaviour where

deformation consists of %oth elastic and plastic components re/uires additional relationships

to descri%e plastic flow!

! ! !

/2 $e%% and Recurrent &ata User's Guide STARS


53/91

:atri ermeabi%it- Option 8G0R:5C9 8G0R:0S9 8G0R:TS9 8G0R:(5

,-R,()E.

Compute permea%ilit* multiplier due to geomechanical responses!F(R*#.

3&+R and L directions respectivel*

?dmensionless@! These multiplier entries must %e monotonic! ultipliers can

%e different in the three grid directions!

User's Guide STARS Introduction /*


54/91

31


55/91


56/91

*GEOROCK 3

*GPERMVL ** Volumetric strain

** Vol strain (kx/kx0) (ky/ky0) (kz/kz0)

-0.005 1.5 1.5 1.6

-0.001 1.4 1.4 1.5 -0.0005 1.3 1.3 1.4

-0.0001 1.2 1.2 1.3

-0.00005 1.1 1.1 1.2

-0.00001 1.05 1.05 1.02

0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ** Initial

0.0001 0.8 0.8 0.7

0.0005 0.7 0.7 0.6

(ote that positive stress means compression and negative volumetric strain means e,pansion!

Em"irical Formula

Based on the wor. of


57/91

$e%% and Recurrent &ata

Summar- o) $e%% and Recurrent &ata

The section contains data and specifications which ma* var* with time! The largest part is

well and related data %ut there are .e*words which define other time-dependent information!

Re=uired :e&+ords

The following are the minimum re/uired .e*words in this section:

*RUN

*TIME or *DATE ** Starting time

*DTWELL ** Starting timestep size

*WELL ** Well definition (at least one set)

*INJECTOR or *PRODUCER

*INCOMP (injector only)

*TINJW (injector, thermal only)

*OPERATE

*PERF or *PERFV

*TIME or *DATE ** Stopping time

! ! !

Heater ("tions

There are si, different models for specif*ing heater or heat loss control:

"! Constant odel

)e*word H+ATR allows assignment of a heat gain ?V@ or loss ?-@ rate on a per

%loc. %asis!

2! Convective odel

)e*word 1HTR allows assignment of a heat gain ?V@ or loss ?-@ proportional rate

coefficient on a per %loc. %asisG heat transfer rate will depend also on a

temperature setpoint defined via T&S+T! )e*words 1HTRAR+AI- etc!

assign the rate coefficient on a per area %asis!

! Automatic Switching

)e*words A1T=H+AT+R and A1T=C==


58/91

! Adia%atic odel

)e*word A$H+AT allows assignment of data to model a heat gain rate which

depends on the difference in temperature %etween a heater %loc. and a reference %loc.!

D! Slaved odel

)e*word H+ATS

Reservoir $escription: THT>&+ TRA(SI TRA(SN TRA(S) TRA(


59/91

Group Identi)ication 6Optiona%7 8GROU

,-R,()E.

3R=1& is used to identif* gathering centres groups and platforms! The information enteredwith this .e*word is used to %uild a tree structure of groups!

3R=1&;T is o%solete! 1se R+&=RTI(3-3R=1& instead!

F(R*#.

3R=1& WchildE"W !!! WchildEnW ATTACHT= WparentW

DEFN#(N).

WchildE"W OchildE2 !! OchildEn

(ames of child groups that are attached to the WparentW group! +ach group is

identified %* a uni/ue name up to "# characters long and enclosed in single

/uotes! The ATTACHT= .e*word is not optional and must %e present!

ATTACHT=

$efines the parent group of all groups named in the list following 3R=1&!

WparentW

(ame of the parent group!

E4,N#(N.

This .e*word identifies the group %* name and assigns it to a parent group! There is no limit

to the num%er of levels of groups allowed in the group hierarch*:

"! Top-level! =nl* one group is allowed at this levelG it has no default name and can

%e assigned an* name not e,ceeding "# characters in length %* the user! This group

cannot have wells attached directl* to it! This group represents the whole field! The

name of this group is entered after ATTACHT= in a 3R=1& line! The top-level

group is identified as the onl* group whose name appears after ATTACHT= in at

least one 3R=1& line %ut whose name never appears in a list immediatel*

following 3R=1& in a 3R=1& line!

2!


60/91

Composition o) InFected hases 8I+CO:

,-R,()E.

Specifies which phases are to %e inMected along with their compositions!F(R*#.

I(C=& ;AT+R

I(C=& =IC


62/91

5imited 0ntr- er)orations 6Optiona%7 8504$0559 8504&IA:0T0R98504&ISCDARG04CO0;;9 8504&ISCDARG04CO0;;4C+ST

,-R,()E.

1se limited entr* perforations ?


63/91

Group InFection Constraints 6Optiona%7 8GCO+I

,-R,()E.

3C=(I is used to specif* group inMection controls!F(R*#.

3C=(I WgroupEnameE"W WgroupEnameE2W !!! WgroupEnameEnW

?AJ@ ?ST3@ value ?ST=&@

?ST;@ ?C=(T@

?BH3@

?BH;@

?TAR3+T@ ?ST3@ value

?ST;@

?BH3@

?BH;@

?'R+&@ ?3AS@?;AT+R@

?3)1&@

?;)1&@

vrepEfrac

?R+C>C


64/91

ST=&

Action su%.e*word indicating that if the constraint cannot %e met then the

simulation should %e stopped!

C=(T

Action su%.e*word indicating that the simulation continues with the violatedconstraint switched to target constraint!

DEF-#).

=ptional .e*word! $efault is no constraints on groups!

#. $e%% and Recurrent &ata User's Guide STARS


65/91

3(ND#(N).

This .e*word must %e located in the ;+C


66/91

Rec-c%ed $ater Component :as? )or Group $ater Rec-c%ing 6Optiona%78$R0CAS) is used to specif* component reduction factors for group re-inMection of

produced water remaining after water treatment!

F(R*#.

;R+C>AS) grou!"listfw?"@ !!!fw?num,@

DEFN#(N).

grou!"list

=ne or more group names in /uotes!

fw?i@

Component i reinMection fraction in the range [0"\! This fraction reduces the

amount reinMected from the amount calculated volumetricall*! 1sefw?i@ X "for a component which is full* availa%le for reinMection andfw?i@ X 0 for a

component which is not reinMected at all!

DEF-#).

If ;R+C>AS) is a%sent for a group then water rec*cling for that group will assume that

fw?i@ X " for all components!

3(ND#(N).

A group name must have %een defined previousl* %* .e*word 3R=1& or ;+


67/91

:a?e4up $ater Composition )or Group $ater Rec-c%ing 6Optiona%7 8$:,CO:

,-R,()E.

;)C=& is used to specif* the composition of water inMected as part of a group waterrec*cling target to supplement the rec*cled fluid!

F(R*#.

;)C=& grou!"list w?"@ !!! w?num,@

DEFN#(N).

grou!"list


w?i@

ole fraction for component i in the ma.e-up water phase used to

supplement water reinMection! The allowed range is 0 to "! The w?i@ should

sum to oneG if the* do not the* will %e normali9ed internall*!

DEF-#).

(o default!

3(ND#(N).

A group name must have %een defined previousl* %* .e*word 3R=1& or ;+


68/91

$ater :a?e4up Target )or Group $ater Rec-c%ing 6Optiona%7 8$:,UTO

,-R,()E.

Specif* a total rec*cling ?produced plus ma.e-up@ group water inMection rate target!F(R*#.

;)1&T= grou!"list water"rate"list

DEFN#(N).

grou!"list


water"rate"list

=ne or more non-negative total inMected water rate values ?mFda*

STBFda* F cmFda*@! If onl* one rate value is entered it is applied to all of

the groups listed! If more than one rate value is entered there must %e one

rate for each group in the list and the first rate is assigned to the first groupetc!

DEF-#).

If .e*word ;)1&T= is a%sent for a group that groups water ma.e-up rate is controlled

%* the make"u!"volumeentered via 3C=(I R+C>C


69/91

:onitored Group Constraints 6Optiona%7 8GCO+:

,-R,()E.

3C=( is used to specif* monitored group production constraints! 1nli.e the controlsspecified under 3C=(& and 3C=(I the /uantities specified under 3C=( cannot %e

assigned as group targets and no action resulting in setting the violated value as a target is

possi%le!

F(R*#.

3C=( WgroupEnameE"W WgroupEnameE2W !!! WgroupEnameEnW

3=R value ?ST=&@

;C1T ?SH1TA


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Constant and Convective Deat Trans)er :ode% 8D0ATR9 8T:S0T9 8UDTR9 8UDTRAR0AI498UDTRAR0AI9 8UDTRAR0A49 8UDTRAR0A9 8UDTRAR0A,49 8UDTRAR0A,9 8AUTOD0AT0R98AUTOCOO50R

,-R,()E.

Assign data for constant and convective heat transfer models!

RR1.

H+ATR

T&S+T

1HTR

1HTRAR+AI-

1HTRAR+AIV

1HTRAR+AN-

1HTRAR+ANV

1HTRAR+A)-

1HTRAR+A)V

F(R*#.

A1T=H+AT+R ? =( =55 @ uba"range

A1T=C==


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1HTR C=( 0

1HTRAR+AI- etc! all default to 9ero!

If A1T=H+AT+R is a%sent then =55 is assumed for all %loc.s!

If A1T=C==


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Adiabatic Deat Trans)er Contro% 8A&D0AT

,-R,()E.

Assign data for controlling adia%atic heat gain!F(R*#.

A$H+AT heat"blkheat"coef?T"diff@ R+5 ref"blk

A$H+AT heat"blkheat"coef?T"diff@

3(ND#(N).

The adia%atic control of a range of %loc.s ma* %e specified via heat"blk %ut there must a

one-to-one correspondence %etween the heat"blkrange and the ref"blockrange!

+ach heat"blkWs ref"blkmust %e e,plicitl* defined when heat"coefis first defined! A heat"blk

ma* not %e its own ref"blk that is two distinct %loc.s must %e used!

)e*word H+ATS


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Deater $e%% 8DT$055

,-R,()E.

Assign data for a heater well!F(R*#.

HT;+


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completion la*ers that are shut in! Since different fluid wells are allowed to have grid cells in

common this is an additional restriction of heater wells!

E4,N#(N.

=f the several methods for specif*ing heating or cooling for certain grid %loc.s the heater

well option allows *ou to use ;+


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and the resulting hvaries! (ote that in this case hwill %e positive or negative depending

onl* on the relative values of Twspecand T.! If *ou wish to prevent heat transfer of a particular

sign *ou must use dual controls!

Dual rate/tem"erature control

;hen %oth HT;T+& and a heat rate ?HT;RAT+ or HT;RAT+&Cell-%ased output is o%tained from the &R(E3RI$ list /uantities CCH

See the +J&


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*TIME 0

*PERF 'INJECTOR' ** i j k wi(gas)

1 1 12 5.54

*HTWELL 'INJECTOR' *HTWRATE 200 ** Turn on heater

*TIME .5 *HTWELL 'INJECTOR' *OFF ** Shut off heater

Deviated Wellbore

;ell 6+$3+ &R$CR8 which is deviated from vertical heats with a well temperature of 200

degrees and stops heating when the cell is hotter than the heater!*LAYERXYZ 'EDGE PRDCR'

** block -- entry(x,y,z) --- -- exit(x,y,z) --- length

5,5,1 131.2 131.2 1000. 131.2 131.2 1010. 10

5,5,2 131.2 131.2 1010. 131.2 118.3 1030. 23.83

5,4,3 131.2 116.6 1031. 131.2 116.6 1055. 23.75

5,5,4 131.2 116.7 1055. 131.2 145.8 1080. 38.41

*HTWELL 'EDGE PRDCR' *HTWTEMP 200 *HTWRATE -1E-6

Cooling Well

;ell 6Cooling ;ell8 has temperature of -"0 5 and ma,imum cooling rates that change

several times during the run! This well has no fluid flow!*TIME 0

*WELL 'COOLING WELL' *VERT 9 1 *FRAC 0.125

*PRODUCER 'Cooling Well'

*GEOMETRY *K 0.3 0.249 1 0

*PERFV *GEO 'Cooling Well'

** k fh

1 0.4 ** Partial completion

2 1.0 3 1.0

4 0.62 ** Partial completion

*SHUTIN 'Cooling Well'

*HTWELL 'Cooling Well' *HTWTEMP -10 *HTWRATE -6.0E6

*TIME 2

*HTWELL 'Cooling Well' *HTWTEMP -10 *HTWRATEPL -50000

*TIME 4

*HTWELL 'Cooling Well' *HTWTEMP -10 *HTWRATE -2.0E6

! $e%% and Recurrent &ata User's Guide STARS


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! ! !

E4,N#(N.

! ! !

E


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Appendi H &ata Sets

"1 Summar- o) Test ed &ata Sets

Test Bed data sets are used to illustrate and verif* operation of the various features and

options in STARS! These data sets ma* %e found in director* test%ed in the STARS release

template area! (ote that these data sets are designed to run without modifications! 5or

e,ample commenting out AJST+&S " in a run designed to test an input or space

allocation option ma* not result in a successful run despite what recurrent data there is!

Data File Descri"tion

sttst"!dat

sttst2!dat

sttst!dat

sttst!dat

sttstD!dat

sttst#!dat

sttst!dat

sttst4!dat

sttstK!dat

sttst"0!dat

sttst""!dat

sttst"2!dat

sttst"!datsttst"!dat

sttst"D!dat

sttst"#!dat

sttst"!dat

sttst"4!dat

sttst"K!dat

sttst20!dat

sttst2"!dat

sttst22!dat

sttst2!datsttst2!dat

sttst2D!dat

sttst2#!dat

$r* Com%ustion Tu%e

;et Com%ustion Tu%e

Coats


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No Descri"tion

sttst2!datsttst24!dat

sttst2K!datsttst0!dat

sttst"!dat

sttst2!dat

sttst!dat

sttst!dat

sttst!dat

sttst#!dat

sttst!dat

sttst4!dat

sttstK!dat

sttstD0!dat

sttstD!datsttstDD!dat

sttstD#!dat

sttstD!dat

sttstD4!datsttstDK!dat

sttst#"!dat

sttst#2!dat

sttst#!dat

sttst#!dat

sttst#D!dat

sttst##!dat

sttst#!datsttst#4!dat

sttst#K!dat

sttst0!dat

sttst"!dat

sttst2!dat

sttst!dat

sttst!dat

sttstD!dat

sttst#!dat


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"2 Temp%ate Samp%e &ata Sets

Another set of template data files can %e found in the same template area organi9ed under the

following directories which correspond to the following functional categories:

$rm

5lu5rr

3eo

3ro

Hrw

Smo

Spe

;wm

- $rive echanisms

- 5luid T*pes- 5ractured Reservoirs

- 3eomechanics

- 3rid =ptions

- Hori9ontal ;ells

- Simulator =ptions

- S&+ &ro%lems

- ;ells and ;ell anagement

+ach director* contains a te,t file which documents the data files in that director*! The main

template director* 6tpl8 contains file 6template!t,t8 which contains %rief descriptions of all

the data sets in these template directories! The following are the data files in these templatedirectories that are not copies of the test %ed data sets!

Fluid #&"es

stflu0"4!dat InMect 5oam to Correct +arl* 3as Brea.through for ;A3

stflu0"K!dat 3


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Geomechanics

stgeo002!dat +lasto-plasticit* with 2-$ Radial 3rid

stgeo00!dat Sand 5ailure due to &ressure $rawdown

stgeo00!dat A,i-s*mmetric C*clic Steam InMection ? Roc. T*pes Rigid Top@stgeo00D!dat Single-;ell Cold 5low with Sand 5ailure ?2$ Radial odel@

stgeo00#!dat =ver%urden


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stgeo04!dat Infinite ohr-Coulom% edium $ilation Angle

stgeo0K!dat S.empton and andel-Cr*er +ffects

stgeo00!dat ST3+=02 without 3+=$ fits ;in2

Grid ("tionsstgro00!dat ,2 &atterns of ",",2 +ach "!D 3% Total StorageG runs on 2-%it

wor.station with " 3% RAG million %loc.s

stgro004!dat , &atterns of ",",2 +ach 3% Total StorageG runs on 2-%it

server with 3% process space and 2 3% RAG million %loc.s

stgro00K!dat 'alidate =peration of R5


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stgro0K!dat TestFIllustrate Shale &roperties

stgro00!dat TestFIllustrate $>(A3RI$ with Recurrent (ew ;ells and &erforations

stgro0"!dat TestFIllustrate SHA&+ )-HAR=(IC with $1A&+ and )RT>&+E'+RT

stsmo0"!dat TestFIllustrate )RS;ITCH and Associated )e*words

stsmo0"4!dat Base Case for Testing Arra*-Reading =ption BI(AR>E$ATA

stsmo0"K!dat TestFIllustrate Arra*-Reading =ption BI(AR>E$ATA

stsmo020!dat Base Case for Testing BI(AR>E$ATA for (atural 5racture

stsmo02"!dat TestFIllustrate BI(AR>E$ATA with (atural 5racture

stsmo022!dat


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stsmo02!dat Illustrate S=L

stwwm0"!dat stflu0"4 with ultilateral ;ell

stwwm0"4!dat stwwm0" with (ull


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stwwm0!dat 'erif*FIllustrate ;+


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Appendi GH 0%ectrica% Deating

Overview

This appendi, is organi9ed in the following manner:

3!" Brief $escription of Theor*

3!2 athematical odel 1sed %* STARS

3! Reports and &lots

3! Templates3!D Input $ata

3!# References

User's Guide STARS Introduction 3


90/91

G". Temp%ates

ost of these templates have e,tensive output ena%led to %oth the te,t output and SR2 and

some have the current densit* field availa%le as a vector plot in R+S1. 3onstraint 3hangesB ;EW3(*,#$ and ;E)3(*,#$

This template has recurrent data in which the downhole electrode potential changes several

times during the run! Also the list of %loc.s associated with the electrode is changed several

times! >ou can see in a cross-section view of the %loc. electric potential in R+S1


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EE3. H&brid Grid

The regions around two wells in a Cartesian grid are modelled with h*%rid grids! The run

starts on ma,imum potential constraint switches to ma,imum total power constraint and then

to ma,imum current as shown %* the corresponding special histories!

EE3. *ulti,hases in )ingle,hase )egmentsThis template is a single-well case that uses different phases in each of the single-phase time

segments! This template changes the phase angle %etween time segments in order to verif*

the correct handling of multi-phase current as compared to single-phase current! The phase

schedule is

0 P " da*s 220 ' at K0 deg

" P 2 da*s 200 ' at #0 deg

2 P da*s "40 ' at "D0 deg

P da*s "#0 ' at 20 deg

P "0 da*s "20 ' at 0 deg

If this data is re-run in single-phase mode the heating result will %e the same!

EE37. #hree,hase #riangular 3on9iguration

This template tests and illustrates the use of a three-phase configuration for electrical heating!

Three electrodes are placed at the vertices of an e/uilateral triangle all with potentials at 220

' %ut differing in phase %* "20 deg! &lots viewed in Results $ show triangular s*mmetr*

for all magnitude results including heating voltage and current densit*! Real and

imaginar* potentials and currents have some s*mmetr* %ut not triangular s*mmetr*!

The run starts on specified potentials each electrode with its own phase!

manual changes

Documents