manet networks protocols
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OPNET Confidential Not for release to third parties 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc.
OPNET Technologies, Inc.
HOW TO: Design Mobile Ad Hoc Networksand ProtocolsJanuary 23, 2007
Best Practice Approaches for Accelerating Network R&D
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OPNET Confidential Not for release to third parties 2006 OPNET Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. OPNET and OPNET product names are trademarks of OPNET Technologies, Inc.
About OPNET Technologies, Inc.
Corporate Overview Founded in 1986 Publicly traded (NASDAQ: OPNT) HQ in Bethesda MD 460 employees Worldwide presence through direct offices and channel partners
Cisco worldwide OEM
Best-in-class Software and Services Application Performance Management Network Operations Capacity Planning and Design Network R&D
Strong Financial Track Record Long history of profitability Revenues of $88M as of Q4 2006
Approximately 25% of revenue re-invested in R&DBroad Customer Base
Corporate Enterprises Government Agencies/DoD Service Providers
R&D Organizations
In Recognition of Visionary use of
InformationTechnology
Network WorldTop 200
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Online Technology Workshop
AGENDAHOW TO: Design Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and ProtocolsBest Practice Approaches for Accelerating Network R&D
Learn how to: Evaluate the performance of networks applying different MANET design
parameters Incorporate OPNET models for OLSR, OSPFv3, DSR, and AODV into
MANET studies Leverage an open MANET framework to interface MANET routing models
with IPv4, IPv6, WLAN, and more
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MANET Capabilities in OPNET
MANET routing protocols AODV DSR OLSR OSPFv3 TORA
Environment Embedded in routers, workstations and server nodes Open source for adding new MANET protocols and customizing existing protocols
Interface to IP
MANET protocols use IPs Addressing Forwarding capabilities
OPNETs IP is dual-stack capable (IPv4 and IPv6) All MANET routing protocols support both IPv4 and IPv6
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MANET Capabilities in OPNET (cont.)
Wireless Capabilities Abstracted from wireless MAC layer OPNET MANET nodes use 802.11x for wireless MAC
802.11a, 11b, 11e. 11g Can take advantage of wireless module capabilities
Terrain Wireless domain Antenna
Pipelines Trajectories Random mobility
Connectivity with the wired network
Analysis Tools Statistics, diagnostics and reports are available Route-tracing and animation
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Performance Benchmark
72 hours simulated, MANET routing, terrain,mobility Real-time w/ 5000 nodes, low traffic 100X real-time w/ 50 nodes, heavy traffic 5X real-time w/ 1000 nodes, medium traffic
OPNET platform for discrete event simulationOPNET wireless acceleration techniquesConfirmed on COTS Windows/Intel + port to Linux/PPC(Routing protocol: AODV)
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Discrete Event Simulation Kernel Performance
OPNET Discrete Event Simulation Kernel Performance(11.5 vs 12.0)
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
Wireline packet transmission Wireless packet broadcast Node movement along trajectories
E v e n
t s P e r
S e c
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
S p e e
d u p
F a c
t o r
11.5 events/sec
12.0 events/sec
Speedup factor
33% 18%
54%
Performance of specific kernel computations enhanced for 12.0
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Discrete Event Simulation Model Performance
OPNET Discrete Event Simulation Model Performance(11.5 vs 12.0)
0
50
100
150
200
250
AODV BGP OLSR OSPFv3
E x e c u
t i o n
T i m e
( s e c s
)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
S p e e d u p
F a c
t o r
11.5 execution time
12.0 execution time
Speedup factor
633%
220%
295% 295%
Performance of specific protocol models enhanced for 12.0, 100-200 nodes per model
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Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR)Model Features
Neighbor detection MPR selection
Topology discovery Routing table computation IPv4 / IPv6 support Uses IP common route table Debugging and Simulation Tracing Can be configured on
MANET stations WLAN workstations and servers Routers (with single/multiple WLAN interfaces)
Referenced RFC 3626
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AODV Model Features
Route discovery Hello messages Route maintenance Gratuitous reply Local repair Expanding ring search IPv4 / IPv6 support
Uses IP common route table
Debugging and Simulation Tracing Can be configured on
MANET stations WLAN workstations and servers Routers (with single/multiple WLAN interfaces)
Referenced RFC 3561
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DSR Model Features
Route Discovery Route Maintenance Route Cache
Replying to route requests using cached routes Non-propagating route request Packet Salvaging Automatic Route Shortening IPv4 / IPv6 support Can be configured on
MANET stations WLAN workstations and servers
Referenced DSR Internet Draft (February 24, 2003)
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OSPFv3 Model Features
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) Link state routing
Equal cost/Multi-path routing Hello protocol Multiple OSPF Areas Route Redistribution Designated Router Election Support for MANET Designated Routers Can be configured on
MANET stations WLAN workstations and servers
Referenced RFC 2740
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Help Documents and Links
Model User Guide in OPNET documentation AODV Model User Guide DSR Model User Guide OLSR Model User Guide OSPF Model User Guide
Example networks MANET example project (under )
OPNETWORK 2006 Sessions 1345 Planning and Analyzing Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks 1527 Accelerating Wireless Simulations Using Scalability Techniques 1816 Introduction to WiFi 1820 Introduction to MANET 1829 Advanced Topics in MANET--Multicast, QoS, and Security 1941 Understanding MANET Model Internals and Interfaces Note: OPNETWORK proceedings can be accessed through
www.opnet.com/opnetwork/
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Getting More Information
Upcoming Conferences AFCEA West 2007: San Diego, Jan 31 Feb 2 IPv6 Summit: Reston, March 27-29 23rd National Space Symposium: Colorado Springs, April 9-12
ITEC: Cologne, Germany, April 24-26 http://www.opnet.com/news/events/conferences.html
Upcoming Online Tech Workshops in Designing and Analyzing Mobile AdHoc Networks series
HOW TO: Model and Simulate Wireless Propagation Incorporating EnvironmentalEffects: Jan 30
HOW TO: Enhance Mobile Ad Hoc Network Planning with OPNET's 3D NetworkVisualizer: Feb 6
http://www.opnet.com/TechWorkshops/
For Additional Information: Visit OPNETs website at www.opnet.com Email [email protected]
Call: (240) - 497- 3000
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OPNET Technologies, Inc.
Appendix
d l l i d i k
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Randomly placing n nodes in network
Create new scenario with specific size Choose Topology Rapid Configuration Configuration: Unconnected Net
R id C fi i E l
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Rapid Configuration: Example
C fi i MANET P l
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Configuring MANET Protocol
Three ways to configure MANET routing protocol
On individual end-stations Edit-Attributes AD-HOC Routing Parameters AD-HOC Routing
Protocol
Individual interfaces of routers Edit-Attributes IP Routing Parameters Interface Information
Routing Protocol(s)
All interfaces in the scenario IP Dynamic Routing Protocol (global attribute) Global assignment that ignores configuration on individual interfaces
C fi i MANET R ti P t l
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Configuring MANET Routing Protocol
St ti ti
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Statistics
MANET Architecture
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MANET Architecture
3 2 1
Applicat ion
IP
Lower layer
MANET Routi ng Protocol
Populates IPForwarding Table
Maintains
IP ForwardingTable
Maintainsprotocol specificrouting table
Topology/ Route
Discovery
IP lookup forforwarding
Data Traffic
Model Architecture (OLSR)
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Model Architecture (OLSR)
manet_rte_mgr
OLSR
child process
NOTE: OLSR sits over UDP
Model Architecture (AODV DSR TORA)
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Model Architecture (AODV, DSR, TORA)
ip_dispatch
manet_mgr
child process
DSR AODV TORA/IMEP
child process
OLSR Model Files
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OLSR Model Files
olsr_rte.pr.m (main process model) Generates/processes OLSR control packets Maintains OLSR tables and updates IP common routing table
olsr.h defines OLSR table structures olsr_pkt_support.h defines OLSR packet formats olsr_support.h/ex.c defines OLSR support functions
olsr_rte.pr.m
OLSR Tables
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OLSR Tables
Periodic Hello Msg with Neighbor interface info
Link SetTable
Nbr SetTable
2-hop nbrset Table
MPR setTable
MPR SelectorSet Table
Routing Table Re-calculation
TC message
Topology setTable
Packet Flow - OLSR
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Packet Flow OLSR
Application layer
IP routing process
UDP manet_rte_mgr
olsr
Control Packet from / to Olsr
Control Packet from / to lower
layer Data Packet
Data packet processedby IP Forwarding Table
Control Packet
MAC/physical layer
Configuring AODV
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Configuring AODV
AODV Model Files
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AODV Model Files
Process model (/std/manet) aodv_rte
Generates/processes AODV control packets Maintains AODV routing tables and updates IP common routing table
Header files (/std/include) aodv.h - Defines constants, data structure for route, request & connectivity tables aodv_pkt_support.h - Defines packet type and structures (rreq, rrep, rerr)
aodv_ptypes.h - Function prototypes for external files
External Source: C code (/std/manet) aodv_pkt_queue.ex.c
aodv_pkt_support.ex.c aodv_request_table.ex.c aodv_route_table.ex.c aodv_support.ex.c
Data Traffic Packet Flow - AODV
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Data Traffic Packet Flow AODV
Data packet from application layer
IP routing process
output interface
ip_dispatch
Processingmanet_mgr
Packet fromupper layer (1)
dsr tora aodv
MAC/physical layer
Application layer
IPPacket from
MANET (7)
Packet to lowerlayer (3)
Packet to IProuting
process (6)Packet to MANET (4)
(2)
Route discovery
(5)
Legends
(2) (3): Pkt forforwarding
(4) (7): Pkt with noroute to forward
Data Traffic Packet Flow - AODV
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Data Traffic Packet Flow AODV
Data packet from lower layer
IP routing process
output interface
ip_dispatch
Processing
manet_mgr
dsr tora aodv
MAC/physical layer
Application layer
IP
Packet from
lower layer(1)
Packet to upperlayer (5)
Packet to lowerlayer (3)
Packet to IProuting
process (8)
Packet from MANET (9)
Route discovery
(7)
Packet to
MANET (6)
Packet to upperlayer (4)
(2)
Legends
(2) (3): Pkt forforwarding
(4) (5): Pkt destinedfor this node
(6) (9): Pkt with noroute to forward
AODV Control Packet Flow
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Application layer
IP routing process
output interface
ip_dispatch
manet_mgr
dsr tora aodv
MAC/physical layer
IP
Packet to lowerlayer
Packet from MANET
Packet to IProuting
process
Packet fromlower layer
Packet to MANET
Configuring DSR
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g g
DSR Model Files
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Process model (/std/manet) dsr_rte
Generates / processes DSR control packets Maintain DSR routing tables Processes / forwards data packets
Header files (/std/include) dsr.h - Defines constants, data structure for route cache, send buffer,
maintenance buffer dsr_pkt_support.h - Defines packet types and structures (rreq, rrep,
rerr) dsr_ptypes.h - Function prototypes for external files
External Source: C code (/std/manet) dsr_maintenance_buffer.ex.c dsr_route_cache.ex.c dsr_route_discovery.ex.c dsr_send_buffer.ex.c dsr_support.ex.c dsr_pkt-support.ex.c dsr_notif_log_support.ex.c