mandarin chinese 5...chinese characters, 汉语大字典 (hànyǔ dà zìdiǎn), includes 60,370...
TRANSCRIPT
Reading Booklet
®
Mandarin Chinese 5
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Mandarin Chinese 5
Booklet Design: Maia Kennedy
© and ‰ Recorded Program 2016 Simon & Schuster, Inc.
© Reading Booklet 2016 Simon & Schuster, Inc. Pimsleur® is an imprint of Simon & Schuster Audio, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Mfg. in USA.
All rights reserved.
Travelers should always check with their nation’s State Department for current advisories on local conditions before
traveling abroad.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
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Voices
English-Speaking Instructor. . . . . . . . . . Ray Brown Mandarin-Speaking Instructor . . . . . . . Zhaoyuan Li Female Mandarin Speaker . . . . . . . . . Xinxing Yang Male Mandarin Speaker . . . . . . . . . . Jay-Jian Jiang
course Writers Yaohua Shi Shannon Rossi
reVieWer Zhijie Jia
editors Christopher J. Gainty Beverly D. Heinle
Producer & director Sarah H. McInnis
recording engineer Peter S. Turpin
Simon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MA
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Table of Contents
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Introduction ............................................................. 1
Lesson One ............................................................... 5 Translations .............................................................. 6Lesson Two .............................................................. 7 Translations .............................................................. 9Lesson Three ............................................................ 10 Translations ............................................................. 12Lesson Four .............................................................. 13 Translations ............................................................. 15Lesson Five ............................................................... 16 Translations .............................................................. 18Lesson Six ................................................................. 19 Translations ............................................................. 21Lesson Seven ............................................................ 22 Translations ............................................................. 24Lesson Eight ............................................................. 25 Translations ..............................................................27Lesson Nine .............................................................. 28 Translations .............................................................. 30Lesson Ten ................................................................ 31 Translations .............................................................. 33Lesson Eleven .......................................................... 34 Translations .............................................................. 36
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Table of Contents
Lesson Twelve ......................................................... 37 Translations ............................................................. 39Lesson Thirteen ........................................................ 40 Translations ............................................................. 42Lesson Fourteen ....................................................... 44 Translations ............................................................. 46Lesson Fifteen .......................................................... 48 Translations ............................................................. 50Lesson Sixteen ........................................................ 51 Translations .............................................................. 53Lesson Seventeen ................................................... 54 Translations ............................................................. 56Lesson Eighteen ...................................................... 57 Translations ............................................................. 59Lesson Nineteen ...................................................... 60 Translations ............................................................. 62Lesson Twenty ......................................................... 63 Translations .............................................................. 65
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To learn a language is to have one more window from which to look at the world.
Chinese proverb
Mandarin Chinese 5
Introduction
The Chinese writing system is made up of logograms: characters which represent a word or a phrase. In Mandarin these are called 字 (zì) or 汉字 (hànzì). They have been adopted historically by China’s neighbors, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. The term 汉字文化圈 (hànzì wénhuàquān), literally, “Chinese characters culture sphere” describes the impact of written Chinese on East Asian cultures.
The oldest Chinese characters were inscribed on animal bones that have been dated to the late Shang dynasty (c. 1200-1050 BCE). The writings are records of communications with the ancestral spirits of the Shang kings and deal with military campaigns, ritual sacrifices, weather forecasting, and so on. The most common form of characters, called 楷书 (kǎishū), or “regular script,” took shape during the Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 ACE).
Chinese is a monosyllabic language. However, in modern Chinese most words consist of two characters. The most authoritative dictionary of Chinese characters, 汉语大字典 (Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn), includes 60,370 characters. Most of them are obsolete variants. In 2006, the Chinese State Language Commission published a report showing that knowing
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934 characters will enable one to read 90% of all publications. Knowing 2,315 characters will increase that percentage to 99%. This is still a formidable number of characters for anyone to learn. The good news is, the more characters one knows, the easier it becomes to acquire new ones.
To increase literacy, the Chinese government simplified the characters in the 1950s. According to Chinese government statistics, as of 2010, the literacy rate in China was over 95%. However, some Chinese communities—Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan—continue to use traditional characters, while other countries with large ethnic Chinese populations, such as Singapore and Malaysia, have adopted the simplified characters of mainland China.
A common misconception is that all Chinese characters are pictograms. Although the hanzi which are pictograms are among the oldest characters, their number is actually quite small. Examples include: 山 (shān) “mountain,” 日 (rì) “sun,” 月(yuè) “moon,” 木(mù) “tree” or “wood,” and 人(rén) “person.” A larger percentage of characters are simple and compound ideograms: graphic symbols that represent ideas or concepts. Examples of simple ideograms are
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上 (shàng) “above,” and 下 (xià) “below.” 明 (míng), “bright” and 仙 (xiān) “hermit or immortal” are examples of compound ideograms since they are combinations of two different characters.
The vast majority of hanzi characters are semantic-phonetic compounds. They consist of two distinct components – a semantic clue, which gives meaning, and a phonetic clue, which gives sound information. For instance, the left-hand part of the character for “meal” 饭 (fàn) comes from the character 食 (shí) “food.” The right-hand part, 反 (fǎn) “opposite,” provides the approximate pronunciation. A very small number of characters are phonetic loans. They are used for their sounds, and their original meanings have been forgotten for the most part.
Hanzi are often listed in dictionaries according to their common components, called “radicals.” Depending on the dictionary, they number from 189 to about 214. For example, characters denoting bodies of water share a common radical meaning water: 河 (hé) “river,” 湖 (hú) “lake,” 海 (hǎi) “sea,” 溪 (xī) “brook.” In these words, 水 (shuǐ) “water” becomes 氵.
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The radical meaning “female,” 女 (nǚ), comes from the character for “woman,” (女). You will see it in such hanzi as: 她 (tā) “she,” 妈 (mā) “mom,” 姨 (yí) “aunt,” 姐 (jiě) “older sister,” and 妹 (mèi) “younger sister.”
Being able to identify the radical is necessary in order to look up a character in most dictionaries. It also makes learning new characters much easier. In the following Reading Lessons, we will introduce some common radicals as a way to recognize characters.
There are twenty Reading Lessons. In these Lessons, you will be introduced to brief narratives and dialogues adapted from the course, written in both hanzi and pinyin. If you have done the lessons, you will be familiar with all of the vocabulary. You will also find additional information about written and spoken Chinese in these lessons. In the lessons, as in the course, when the Narrator gives you a cue in English, you are to respond in Mandarin, while looking at the hanzi which symbolizes the cued vocabulary. Pinyin transliterations will also be provided.
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1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.
Lesson One
你 nǐ去 qù你去 nǐ qù过 guò你去过 nǐ qù guò香港 xiāng gǎng你去过香港。 nǐ qù guò xiāng gǎng.吗 ma你去过香港吗？ nǐ qù guò xiāng gǎng ma?是 shì一 yī个 gè一个 yí gè有意思 yǒu yì si很 hěn很有意思 hén yǒu yì si很 / 很有 hěn / hén yǒu城市 chéng shì的 de香港是一个很有意思的城市。xiāng gǎng shì yí gè hén yǒu yì si de chéng shì.
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Lesson One Translations
youto goyou gohave doneyou have gone / you have beenHong KongYou have been to Hong Kong.particle used to ask a yes or no questionHave you been to Hong Kong?to be (am / are / is / was / were)the number one, or “a”the most common measure word in Chinesea “measure”interestingveryvery interestingvery / verycityparticle which indicates a possessive or descriptive relationshipHong Kong is a very interesting city.
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Lesson Two
我 wǒ
我去过香港。 wǒ qù guò xiāng gǎng.
大 dà
香港很大。 xiāng gǎng hěn dà.
香港很大、很有意思。 xiāng gǎng hěn dà, hén yǒu yì si.
香港是一个很大、很有意思的城市。 xiāng gǎng shì yí gè hěn dà, hén yǒu yì si de chéng shì.
儿子 ér zi
我的儿子 wǒ de ér zi
我的儿子 / 我儿子 wǒ de ér zi / wǒ ér zi
在 zài
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在香港 zài xiāng gǎng
我儿子在香港。 wǒ ér zi zài xiāng gǎng.
学 xué
金融 jīn róng
学金融 xué jīn róng
我儿子在香港学金融。 wǒ ér zi zài xiāng gǎng xué jīn róng.
金融有意思吗？ jīn róng yǒu yì si ma?
学金融有意思吗？ xué jīn róng yǒu yì si ma?
在香港学金融有意思吗？ zài xiāng gǎng xué jīn róng yǒu yì si ma?
在香港学金融很有意思. zài xiāng gǎng xué jīn róng hén yǒu yì si.
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1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
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Lesson Two Translations
II have been to Hong Kong.bigHong Kong is very big.Hong Kong is very big, very interesting.Hong Kong is a very big, very interesting city.sonmy sonmy son / my sonlocation word (in/at /on)in Hong KongMy son is in Hong Kong.“to study” or “to learn”finance“to study finance” or “studying finance”My son is in Hong Kong studying finance.Is finance interesting?Is studying finance interesting?Is studying finance in Hong Kong interesting?Studying finance in Hong Kong is very interesting.
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Lesson Three
觉得 jué de
我的儿子 / 我儿子觉得 wǒ de ér zi / wǒ ér zi jué de
我儿子觉得学金融 wǒ ér zi jué de xué jīn róng
我儿子觉得学金融很有意思。 wǒ ér zi jué de xué jīn róng hén yǒu yì si.
没有意思 méi yǒu yì si
我觉得学金融没有意思。 wǒ jué de xué jīn róng méi yǒu yì si.
我没有儿子。 wǒ méi yǒu ér zi.
女儿 nǚ ér
儿子 / 女儿 ér zi /nǚ ér
你有一个儿子。 ní yǒu yí gè ér zi.
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我有一个女儿。 wó yǒu yí gè nǚ ér.
上海 shàng hǎi
我女儿在上海。 wó nǚ ér zài shàng hǎi.
实习 shí xí
我女儿在上海实习。 wó nǚ ér zài shàng hǎi shí xí.
也 yě
上海也是一个很大、很有意思的城市。 shàng hǎi yě shì yí gè hěn dà, hén yǒu yì si de chéng shì.
我没有去过上海。 wó méi yǒu qù guò shàng hǎi.
澳门 ào mén
我去过澳门。 wǒ qù guò ào mén.
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Lesson Three Translations
“feels” or “thinks”my son / my son feelsMy son feels studying financeMy son feels studying finance is very interesting.does not have interest or meaningI feel studying finance is uninteresting.I don’t have sons.daughterson / daughterYou have a son.I have a daughter.ShanghaiMy daughter is in Shanghai.“to intern” or “interning”My daughter is in Shanghai interning.alsoShanghai is also a very big, very interesting city.I haven’t been to Shanghai.MacauI have been to Macau.
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Lesson Four
不 bù
大 / 不大 dà / bú dà
澳门不大。 ào mén bú dà.
喜欢 xǐ huan
我喜欢澳门。 wó xǐ huan ào mén.
你不喜欢澳门。 nǐ bù xǐ huan ào mén.
为什么? wèi shén me?
你为什么不喜欢澳门? nǐ wèi shén me bù xǐ huan ào mén?
夜生活 yè shēng huó
因为 yīn wèi
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澳门的夜生活 ào mén de yè shēng huó
因为我不喜欢澳门的夜生活。 yīn wèi wǒ bù xǐ huan ào mén de yè shēng huó.
我喜欢上海的夜生活。 wó xǐ huan shàng hǎi de yè shēng huó.
我觉得上海的夜生活很有意思。 wǒ jué de shàng hǎi de yè shēng huó hén yǒu yì si.
我也喜欢香港的夜生活。 wǒ yé xǐ huan xiāng gǎng de yè shēng huó.
夜景 yè jǐng
夜生活 / 夜景 yè shēng huó / yè jǐng
我喜欢香港的夜景。 wó xǐ huan xiāng gǎng de yè jǐng.
美 měi
香港的夜景很美。 xiāng gǎng de yè jǐng hén měi.
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1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
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Lesson Four Translations
notbig / not bigMacau is not big.to likeI like Macau.You don’t like Macau.Why? (literally, “for what”)Why don’t you like Macau?nightlifebecauseMacau’s nightlifeBecause I don’t like Macau’s nightlife.I like Shanghai’s nightlife.I feel Shanghai’s nightlife is very interesting.I also like Hong Kong’s nightlife.nightscapenightlife / nightscapeI like Hong Kong’s nightscape.beautifulHong Kong’s nightscape is very beautiful.
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Lesson Five
你为什么不喜欢澳门的夜生活？ nǐ wèi shén me bù xǐ huan ào mén de yè shēng huó?
赌博 dǔ bó
因为我不喜欢赌博。 yīn wèi wǒ bù xǐ huan dǔ bó.
做 zuò
你喜欢做什么？ ní xǐ huan zuò shén me?
看 kàn
教堂 jiào táng
看教堂 kàn jiào táng
我喜欢看澳门的教堂。 wó xǐ huan kàn ào mén de jiào táng.
看香港的夜景 kàn xiāng gǎng de yè jǐng
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我喜看欢香港的夜景。 wó xǐ huan kàn xiāng gǎng de yè jǐng.
澳门的教堂很美。 ào mén de jiào táng hén měi.
颜色 yán sè
澳门的教堂的颜色 ào mén de jiào táng de yán sè
很好看 hén hǎo kàn
颜色很好看。 yán sè hén hǎo kàn.
澳门的教堂的颜色很好看。 ào mén de jiào táng de yán sè hén hǎo kàn.
你儿子很好看。 nǐ ér zi hén hǎo kàn.
和 hé
你儿子和我女儿 nǐ ér zi hé wó nǚ ér
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Lesson Five Translations
Why don’t you like Macau’s nightlife?“gamble” or “to gamble”Because I don’t like to gamble.“do” or “to do”What do you like to do?“look at” or “see”“church” or “churches”look at churchesI like to look at Macau’s churches.look at Hong Kong’s nightscapeI like to look at Hong Kong’s nightscape.Macau’s churches are very beautiful.“color” or “colors”Macau’s churches’ colorsvery good / very nice to look at / very good-looking / very interesting to watchThe colors are very nice to look at.Macau’s churches’ colors are very nice to look at.Your son is very good-looking.andyour son and my daughter
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Lesson Six
你女儿也很好看。 ní nǚ ér yě hén hǎo kàn.
都 dōu
你儿子和我女儿都很好看。 nǐ ér zi hé wó nǚ ér dōu hén hǎo kàn.
你儿子和我女儿都不喜欢赌博。 nǐ ér zi hé wó nǚ ér dōu bù xǐ huan dǔ bó.
家 jiā
你家很美。 nǐ jiā hén měi.
银行 yín háng
一家银行 yì jiā yín háng
上海的一家银行 shàng hǎi de yì jiā yín háng
工作 gōng zuò
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在一家银行工作 zài yì jiā yín háng gōng zuò
我女儿在上海的一家银行实习。 wó nǚ ér zài shàng hǎi de yì jiā yín háng shí xí.
在银行工作没有意思。 zài yín háng gōng zuò méi yǒu yì si.
她 tā
她觉得在银行工作没有意思。 tā jué de zài yín háng gōng zuò méi yǒu yì si.
开 kāi
饭馆儿 fàn guǎnr
开饭馆儿 kāi fàn guǎnr
想 xiǎng
她想开饭馆儿。 tā xiǎng kāi fàn guǎnr.
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Lesson Six Translations
Your daughter is also very good-looking.“both” or “all”Your son and my daughter are both very good-looking.Neither your son nor my daughter likes to gamble. Literally, “Your son and my daughter both do not like to gamble.”“home” or “family”Your home is very beautiful.banka banka bank in Shanghai, literally, “Shanghai’s a bank”“to work” or “working”working at a bankMy daughter is in Shanghai interning at a bank.Working at a bank is uninteresting.“she” or “her”She feels working at a bank is uninteresting.to openrestaurantopen a restaurantwould like toShe would like to open a restaurant.
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Lesson Seven
我女儿想开饭馆儿。 wó nǚ ér xiǎng kāi fàn guǎnr.
一家饭馆儿 yì jiā fàn guǎnr
她想开一家饭馆儿。 tā xiǎng kāi yì jiā fàn guǎnr.
风险 fēng xiǎn
有风险 yǒu fēng xiǎn
我觉得开饭馆儿有风险。 wǒ jué de kāi fàn guǎnr yǒu fēng xiǎn.
可是 kě shì
怕 pà
她不怕。 tā bú pà.
可是她不怕风险。 kě shì tā bú pà fēng xiǎn.
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资本 zī běn
她没有资本。 tā méi yǒu zī běn.
我有风险资本。 wó yǒu fēng xiǎn zī běn.
如果 rú guǒ
如果你女儿开饭馆儿 rú guǒ ní nǚ ér kāi fàn guǎnr
投资 tóu zī
我投资。 wǒ tóu zī.
可是你不怕风险吗？ kě shì nǐ bú pà fēng xiǎn ma?
聪明 cōng ming
你女儿很聪明。 ní nǚ ér hén cōng ming.
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Lesson Seven Translations
My daughter would like to open a restaurant.a restaurantShe would like to open a restaurant.risk“have risks” or “risky”I feel opening a restaurant is risky.but“fear” or “to be afraid of”She is not afraid.But she is not afraid of risks.capitalShe doesn’t have capital.“I have venture capital,” literally, “I have risk capital.”ifif your daughter opens a restaurant“to invest” or “investment”“I’ll invest in it,” literally, “I invest.”But you are not afraid of risks?smartYour daughter is very smart.
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Lesson Eight
她很聪明。 tā hěn cōng ming.
风险不大。 fēng xiǎn bú dà.
投资银行 tóu zī yín háng
我在一家投资银行工作。 wǒ zài yì jiā tóu zī yín háng gōng zuò.
我不怕风险。 wǒ bú pà fēng xiǎn.
朋友 péng yǒu
消防员 xiāo fáng yuán
我朋友是消防员。 wǒ péng you shì xiāo fáng yuán.
以前 yǐ qián
他 tā
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女 / 她 nǚ / tā
他 / 她 tā / tā
以前他在投资银行工作。 yǐ qián tā zài tóu zī yín háng gōng zuò.
无聊 wú liáo
他觉得在投资银行工作很无聊。 tā jué de zài tóu zī yín háng gōng zuò hěn wú liáo.
危险 wēi xiǎn
当 dāng
当消防员危险吗? dāng xiāo fáng yuán wēi xiǎn ma?
小心 xiǎo xīn
小心好。 xiǎo xīn hǎo.
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Lesson Eight Translations
She is very smart.
It’s not risky. Literally, “Risk not big.”
investment bank
I work at an investment bank.
I’m not afraid of risks.
friend
firefighter
My friend is a firefighter.
“before” or “in the past”
“he” or “him”
female / she
he / she
In the past he worked at investment banks.
boring
He felt working at investment banks was very boring.
“danger” or “dangerous”
“working as” or “becoming”
Is working as a firefighter dangerous?
“careful,” literally, “small heart”
It’s good to be careful. Literally, “Careful good.”
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Lesson Nine
不危险 bù wēi xiǎn
如果你小心，不危险。 rú guǒ ní xiǎo xīn, bù wēi xiǎn.
如果你不小心 ... rú guǒ nǐ bù xiǎo xīn ...
当消防员很危险。 dāng xiāo fáng yuán hěn wēi xiǎn.
我朋友很小心。 wǒ péng you hén xiǎo xīn.
后天 hòu tiān
要 yào
要去 yào qù
海南岛 hǎi nán dǎo
后天我朋友要去海南岛。 hòu tiān wǒ péng you yào qù hǎi nán dǎo.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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冲浪 chōng làng
比赛 bǐ sài
冲浪比赛 chōng làng bǐ sài
参加 cān jiā
我朋友要去参加一个冲浪比赛。 wǒ péng you yào qù cān jiā yí gè chōng làng bǐ sài.
浪 làng
海南的浪很大。 hǎi nán de làng hěn dà.
海 / 浪 hǎi / làng
长 cháng
海南的浪很大、很长。 hǎi nán de làng hěn dà, hěn cháng.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
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11.12.13.14.15.
16.17.18.19.20.
Lesson Nine Translations
not dangerousIf you are careful, it’s not dangerous.If you are not careful …working as a firefighter is very dangerous.My friend is very careful.the day after tomorrow“want” or “going to”“want to” or “going to go”Hainan Island, literally, “sea south island”The day after tomorrow my friend is going to go to Hainan Island.“to surf” or “surfing”competitionsurfing competitionto participate inMy friend is going to participate in a surfing competition.wave(s)Hainan’s waves are very big.sea / wavelongHainan’s waves are very big, very long.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Ten
风险 / 危险 fēng xiǎn / wēi xiǎn
如果你小心，冲浪不危险。 rú guǒ ní xiǎo xīn, chōng làng bù wēi xiǎn.
南部 nán bù
中国 zhōng guó
在中国的南部 zài zhōng guó de nán bù
海南在中国的南部。 hǎi nán zài zhōng guó de nán bù.
海南 / 南部 hǎi nán / nán bù
适合 shì hé
适合冲浪 shì hé chōng làng
海南岛很适合冲浪。 hǎi nán dǎo hěn shì hé chōng làng.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
夏威夷 xià wēi yí
海南岛是中国的夏威夷。 hǎi nán dǎo shì zhōng guó de xià wēi yí.
黑龙江 hēi lóng jiāng
江 / 海 jiāng / hǎi
后天我要去黑龙江。 hòu tiān wǒ yào qù hēi lóng jiāng.
北部 běi bù
黑龙江在中国的北部。 hēi lóng jiāng zài zhōng guó de běi bù.
冰雕 bīng diāo
冷 lěng
冰/ 冷 bīng / lěng
11.
12.
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19.
20.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
1.2.3.4.5.
6.7.8.9.
10.11.12.13.
14.15.16.17.18.19.20.
Lesson Ten Translations
risk / dangerIf you are careful, surfing is not dangerous.southern partChinain the south of China, literally, “in China’s southern part”Hainan is in China’s southern part.Hainan / southern partto be suitable forsuitable for surfingHainan Island is very suitable for surfing.HawaiiHainan Island is China’s Hawaii.the Chinese province, Heilongjiang - literally, “The Black Dragon River”big river / seaThe day after tomorrow I will go to Heilongjiang.northern partHeilongjiang is in China’s northern part.ice sculpturecoldice / cold
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Eleven
冲 / 冷 chōng / lěng
冬天 dōng tiān
冬天很冷。 dōng tiān hén lěng.
黑龙江冬天很冷。 hēi lóng jiāng dōng tiān hén lěng.
海南岛冬天不冷。 hǎi nán dǎo dōng tiān bù lěng.
下雪 xià xuě
常常 cháng cháng
常常下雪。 cháng cháng xià xuě.
黑龙江冬天常常下雪。 hēi lóng jiāng dōng tiān cháng cháng xià xuě.
滑雪 huá xuě
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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很适合滑雪 hěn shì hé huá xuě
太太 tài tai
我朋友的太太 wǒ péng you de tài tai
企业家 qǐ yè jiā
我朋友的太太是一个企业家。 wǒ péng you de tài tai shì yí gè qǐ yè jiā.
电商 diàn shāng
公司 gōng sī
一家电商公司 yì jiā diàn shāng gōng sī
总裁 zǒng cái
一家电商公司的总裁 yì jiā diàn shāng gōng sī de zǒng cái
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Mandarin Chinese 5
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.
Lesson Eleven Translations
first part of the word “surfing” / coldwinterThe winter is very cold.Heilongjiang’s winters are very cold.Hainan Island’s winters are not cold.snow(s)oftenoften snowsIn Heilongjiang in winter it often snows.“ski” or “skiing”very suitable for skiingtraditional, polite term for “wife”my friend’s wifeentrepreneurMy friend’s wife is an entrepreneur.e-commercecompanyan e-commerce companyCEO"the CEO of an e-commerce company,” literally, “an e-commerce company’s CEO”
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Twelve
我朋友的太太是总裁。 wǒ péng you de tài tai shì zǒng cái.
论坛 lùn tán
中国企业家论坛 zhōng guó qǐ yè jiā lùn tán
她要去参加中国企业家论坛。 tā yào qù cān jiā zhōng guó qǐ yè jiā lùn tán.
以后 yǐ hòu
冰雕比赛以后 bīng diāo bǐ sài yǐ hòu
我太太要去参加中国企业家论坛。 wǒ tài tai yào qù cān jiā zhōng guó qǐ yè jiā lùn tán.
东西 dōng xi
东西 / 东西 dōng xī / dōng xi
东西南北 dōng xī nán běi
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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东南西北 dōng nán xī běi
甜 tián
甜的东西 tián de dōng xi
吃 chī
我朋友喜欢吃甜的东西。 wǒ péng you xǐ huan chī tián de dōng xi.
咸的东西 xián de dōng xi
我朋友的太太喜欢吃咸的东西。 wǒ péng you de tāi tai xǐ huan chī xián de dōng xi.
酸的东西 suān de dōng xi
我喜欢吃酸的东西。 wó xǐ huan chī suān de dōng xi.
和辣的东西。 hé là de dōng xi.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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5.6.7.
8.9.
10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.
Lesson Twelve Translations
My friend’s wife is a CEO.forumChinese Entrepreneurs’ Forum, literally, “China entrepreneurs forum”She wants to go to participate in the Chinese Entrepreneurs’ Forum.afterafter the ice sculpture competitionMy wife wants to go to participate in the Chinese Entrepreneurs’ Forum.thing, literally “east, west”east, west / thingeast, west, south, northeast, south, west, northsweetsweet thing(s)to eatMy friend likes to eat sweet things.salty thingsMy friend’s wife likes to eat salty things.sour thingsI like to eat sour things.And spicy things.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Thirteen
喝 hē
汤 tāng
酸辣汤 suān là tāng
我喜欢喝酸辣汤。 wó xǐ huan hē suān là tāng.
为什么你朋友的太太要去参加论坛？ wèi shén me nǐ péng you de tài tai yào qù cān jiā lùn tán?
重要 zhòng yào
中国企业家论坛很重要。 zhōng guó qǐ yè jiā lùn tán hěn zhòng yào.
因为中国企业家论坛很重要。 yīn wèi zhōng guó qǐ yè jiā lùn tán hěn zhòng yào.
总部 zǒng bù
公司的总部 gōng sī de zǒng bù
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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她的公司的总部 tā de gōng sī de zǒng bù
东部 dōng bù
东部 /总部 dōng bù/ zǒng bù
美国 měi guó
中国 / 美国 zhōng guó / měi guó
美国的东部 měi guó de dōng bù
她的公司的总部在美国的东部。 tā de gōng sī de zǒng bù zài měi guó de dōng bù.
开始 kāi shǐ
什么时候 shén me shí hou
什么时候开始？ shén me shí hou kāi shǐ?
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Thirteen Translations
to drink
soup
hot and sour soup, literally “sour spicy soup”
I like to drink hot and sour soup.
Why does your friend’s wife want to go to participate in the Forum?
important
The Chinese Entrepreneurs’ Forum is very important.
Because the Chinese Entrepreneurs’ Forum is very important.
headquarters
the company’s headquarters
her company’s headquarters
the eastern part
eastern part / headquarters
America literally, “beautiful country”
China / America
America’s eastern part
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Mandarin Chinese 5
17.
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Her company’s headquarters is in America’s eastern part.
begin
when, literally, “what moment?”
When does it begin? Literally, “When begin?”
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Fourteen
元宵节 yuán xiāo jié
论坛元宵节开始。 lùn tán yuán xiāo jié kāi shǐ.
甜的元宵 tián de yuán xiāo
咸的元宵 xián de yuán xiāo
还是 hái shì
甜的元宵还是咸的元宵？ tián de yuán xiāo hái shì xián de yuán xiāo?
你喜欢吃甜的还是咸的元宵？ ní xǐ huan chī tián de hái shì xián de yuán xiāo?
我喜欢吃甜的元宵。 wó xǐ huān chī tián de yuán xiāo.
我不喜欢吃咸的元宵。 wǒ bù xǐ huan chī xián de yuán xiāo.
好吃 hǎo chī
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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甜的元宵好吃。 tián de yuán xiāo hǎo chī.
咸的元宵不好吃。 xián de yuán xiāo bù hǎo chī.
你喜欢吃咸的元宵吗？ ní xǐ huan chī xián de yuán xiāo ma?
我觉得咸的元宵很好吃。 wǒ jué de xián de yuán xiāo hén hǎo chī.
湖北 hú běi
湖南 hú nán
河 hé
河/ 湖/ 海 hé / hú / hǎi
江 jiāng
长江 cháng jiāng
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Fourteen Translations
the Lantern Festival
The forum begins during the Lantern Festival.
sweet yuan xiao
salty yuan xiao
or
sweet yuan xiao or salty yuan xiao?
Do you like to eat sweet or salty yuan xiao?
I like to eat sweet yuan xiao.
I don’t like to eat salty yuan xiao.
delicious, literally, “good eat”
Sweet yuan xiao are delicious.
Salty yuan xiao are not delicious.
Do you like to eat salty yuan xiao?
I feel salty yuan xiao are very delicious.
the Chinese province Hubei, literally, “lake north” meaning, “the lake’s north side” or “to the north of the lake.”
the Chinese province Hunan, literally, “lake south” meaning, “the lake’s south side” or “to the south of the lake.”
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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18.
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river
river / lake /sea
big river
Yangtze River, literally “long big river”
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Fifteen
多 duō
很多 hěn duō
很多的河和湖 hěn duō de hé hé hú
湖北有很多的河和湖。 hú běi yóu hěn duō de hé hé hú.
湖南也有很多的河和湖。 hú nán yé yóu hěn duō de hé hé hú.
湿地 shī dì
地 /他/ 她 dì /tā / tā
湖南和湖北有很多的湿地。 hú nán hé hú běi yóu hěn duō de shī dì.
湖南和湖北都有很多的湿地。 hú nán hé hú běi dōu yóu hěn duō de shī dì.
气候 qì hòu
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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湖南的气候 hú nán de qì hòu
潮湿 cháo shī
湖南的气候很潮湿。 hú nán de qì hòu hěn cháo shī.
湖北的气候也很潮湿。 hú běi de qì hòu yé hěn cháo shī.
干燥 gān zào
西部 xī bù
美国的西部的气候很干燥。 měi guó de xī bù de qì hòu hěn gān zào.
中国的西部的气候也很干燥。 zhōng guó de xī bù de qì hòu yé hěn gān zào.
都很干燥。 dōu hěn gān zào.
西南部 xī nán bù
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Mandarin Chinese 5
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.
much or numerousvery much or a lotnumerous rivers and lakesHubei has numerous rivers and lakes.Hunan also has numerous rivers and lakes.wetlandsland / he / sheHunan and Hubei have a lot of wetlands.Hunan and Hubei both have a lot of wetlands.climateHunan’s climatehumidHunan’s climate is very humid.Hubei’s climate is also very humid.drywestern partAmerica’s western part’s climate is very dry.China’s western part’s climate is also very dry.Both are very dry.southwestern part, literally, “west south part”
Lesson Fifteen Translations
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Sixteen
西南部的气候 xī nán bù de qì hòu
美国的西南部的气候很干燥。 měi guó de xī nán bù de qì hòu hěn gān zào.
西北部 xī běi bù
中国的西北部的气候很干燥。 zhōng guó de xī běi bù de qì hòu hěn gān zào.
夏天 xià tiān
夏天 / 冬天 xià tiān / dōng tiān
热 rè
热 / 黑 rè / hēi
湖南和湖北的夏天 hú nán hé hú běi de xià tiān
夏天很热、很潮湿。 xià tiān hěn rè, hěn cháo shī.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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湖南和湖北的夏天很热。 hú nán hé hú běi de xià tiān hěn rè.
衬衫 chèn shān
亚麻 yà má
亚麻衬衫 yà má chèn shān
舒服 shū fu
亚麻衬衫很舒服。 yà má chèn shān hěn shū fu.
穿 chuān
夏天穿亚麻衬衫很舒服。 xià tiān chuān yà má chèn shān hěn shū fu.
我喜欢穿亚麻衬衫。 wó xǐ huan chuān yà má chèn shān.
夏天我喜欢穿亚麻衬衫。 xià tiān wó xǐ huan chuān yà má chèn shān.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.
19.20.
Lesson Sixteen Translations
the southwestern part’s climateAmerica’s southwestern part’s climate is very dry.northwestern partChina’s northwestern part’s climate is very dry.summersummer / winterhothot / blackHunan and Hubei’s summersThe summer is very hot, very humid.Hunan and Hubei’s summers are very hot.shirtlinenlinen shirtscomfortableLinen shirts are very comfortable.“to wear,” or “wearing”In summer wearing linen shirts is very comfortable.I like to wear a linen shirt.In summer I like to wear a linen shirt.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Seventeen
定做 dìng zuò
件 jiàn
三 sān
三件亚麻衬衫 sān jiàn yà má chèn shān
一 / 二 / 三 yī / èr / sān
两件亚麻衬衫 liǎng jiàn yà má chèn shān
定做三件亚麻衬衫 dìng zuò sān jiàn yà má chèn shān
我想定做三件亚麻衬衫。 wó xiǎng dìng zuò sān jiàn yà má chēn shān.
太 tài
太多了 tài duō le
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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三件亚麻衬衫太多了。 sān jiàn yà má chèn shān tài duō le.
正 zhèng
正好 zhèng hǎo
两件亚麻衬衫正好。 liǎng jiàn yà má chèn shān zhèng hǎo.
夏天我也喜欢穿亚麻衬衫。 xià tiān wó yé xǐ huan chuān yà má chèn shān.
我也觉得亚麻衬衫很舒服。 wó yě jué de yà má chèn shān hěn shū fu.
我也想定做亚麻衬衫。 wó yé xiǎng dìng zuò yà má chèn shān.
贵 guì
贵/ 资本 guì / zī běn
亚麻衬衫贵吗？ yà má chèn shān guì ma?
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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3.4.5.6.7.8.
9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.
18.19.20.
Lesson Seventeen Translations
to have custom-madethe measure word for upper body garments, such as shirtsthreethree linen shirtsthe numbers 1, 2, 3two linen shirtshave three linen shirts custom-madeI would like to have three linen shirts custom-made.“too” or “too much”too manyThree linen shirts are too many.just“just right” or “perfect”Two linen shirts are just right.In summer I also like to wear a linen shirt.I also feel linen shirts are very comfortable.I also would like to have linen shirts custom-made.expensiveexpensive / capitalAre linen shirts expensive?
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Eighteen
我觉得三件亚麻衬衫太多了。 wǒ jué de sān jiàn yà má chèn shān tài duō le.
定做了 dìng zuò le
了/ 子 le / zǐ
我定做了两件亚麻衬衫。 wǒ dìng zuò le liǎng jiàn yà má chèn shān.
贵吗？ guì ma?
不很贵。 bù hěn guì.
我定做了一件黑的亚麻衬衫。 wǒ dìng zuò le yí jiàn hēi de yà má chèn shān.
天黑了。 tiān hēi le.
他不去。 / 他不去了。 tā bú qù. / tā bú qù le.
他没有去。/ 他不去。 tā méi yǒu qù. / tā bú qù.
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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知道 zhī dào
尺寸 chǐ cùn
你知道你的尺寸吗？ nǐ zhī dào nǐ de chǐ cùn ma?
我不知道我的尺寸。 wǒ bù zhī dào wǒ de chǐ cùn.
尺寸 / 衬衫 chǐ cùn / chèn shān
衫 / 三 shān / sān
衣服 yī fu
可以 ké yǐ
试 shì
衣服可以试穿了吗？ yī fu ké yǐ shì chuān le ma?
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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4.5.6.7.8.9.
10.11.12.13.14.15.16.
17.18.19.20.
Lesson Eighteen Translations
I feel three linen shirts are too many.had custom-madeparticle used to express a completed action / childI had two linen shirts custom-made.Was it expensive?Not very expensive.I had a black linen shirt custom-made.The sky is black.He isn’t going. / He isn’t going anymore.He didn’t go. / He is not going.to knowmeasurementDo you know your measurements?I do not know my measurements.measurement / shirtsecond of the hanzi character pair meaning shirt / threeclothes“can,” or “able to”tryCan the clothes be tried on now?
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Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Nineteen
需要 xū yào
大衣 dà yī
我需要一件大衣。 wǒ xū yào yí jiàn dà yī.
我需要定做一件大衣。 wǒ xū yào dìng zuò yí jiàn dà yī.
西服 xī fú
比 bǐ
比亚麻衬衫贵 bǐ yà má chèn shān guì
西服比亚麻衬衫贵。 xī fú bǐ yà má chèn shān guì.
套 tào
我需要定做一套西服。 wǒ xū yào dìng zuò yí tào xī fú.
61
Mandarin Chinese 5
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大衣和西服 dà yí hé xī fú
大衣和西服可以试穿了吗？ dà yī hé xī fú ké yǐ shì chuān le ma?
袖子 xiù zi
袖子正好。 xiù zi zhèng hǎo.
长短 cháng duǎn
袖子的长短正好。 xiù zi de cháng duǎn zhèng hǎo.
袖子太短了。 xiù zi tài duǎn le.
条 tiáo
裤子 kù zi
我想定做一条裤子。 wó xiǎng dìng zuò yì tiáo kù zi.
62
Mandarin Chinese 5
1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.
10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.
19.20.
Lesson Nineteen Translations
needovercoat, literally, “big garment”I need an overcoat.I need to have an overcoat custom-made.western-style clothescompared (with)more expensive than a linen shirtSuits are more expensive than linen shirts.measure word for suits and things that come in a setI need to have a suit custom-made.the overcoat and the suitCan the overcoat and the suit be tried on now?sleeveThe sleeves are just right.length, literally, “long short”The sleeves’ length is perfect.The sleeves are too short.measure word for pants and other long narrow thingspantsI’d like to have a pair of pants custom-made.
63
Mandarin Chinese 5
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Lesson Twenty
我没有很多的裤子。 wó méi yǒu hěn duō de kù zi.
我想定做两条裤子。 wó xiǎng dìng zuò liǎng tiáo kù zi.
我想定做一条黑的裤子。 wó xiǎng dìng zuò yì tiáo hēi de kù zi.
蓝 lán
一条蓝的裤子 yì tiáo lán de kù zi
我想定做一条蓝的裤子。 wó xiǎng dìng zuò yì tiáo lán de kù zi.
我朋友喜欢穿蓝的衣服。 wǒ péng you xǐ huan chuān lán de yī fu.
酿造 niàng zào
葡萄 pú tao
酒 jiǔ
64
Mandarin Chinese 5
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酒/ 酿 / 酸 jiǔ / niàng/ suān
葡萄酒 pú tao jiǔ
我朋友酿葡萄酒。 wǒ péng you niàng pú tao jiǔ.
白 bái
白葡萄酒 bái pú tao jiǔ
我朋友酿白葡萄酒。 wǒ péng you niàng bái pú tao jiǔ.
红 hóng
我朋友也酿红葡萄酒。 wǒ péng you yě niàng hóng pú tao jiǔ.
我喜欢喝红葡萄酒。 wó xǐ huan hē hóng pú tao jiǔ.
你也喜欢穿红裤子! ní yé xǐ huan chuān hóng kù zi!
65
Mandarin Chinese 5
1.2.3.
4.5.6.
7.8.
9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.
Lesson Twenty Translations
I don’t have a lot of pants.I’d like to have two pairs of pants custom-made.I’d like to have a pair of black pants custom-made.bluea pair of blue pantsI’d like to have a pair of blue pants custom-made.My friend likes to wear blue clothes.“make or brew through fermentation,” literally “ferment make”grapealcoholalcohol / ferment / sourwine, literally, “grape alcohol”My friend makes wine.whitewhite wineMy friend makes white wine.redMy friend also makes red wine.I like to drink red wine.You also like to wear red pants!
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