managing the dynamics of the new zealand spatial cadastre · managing the dynamics of the new...
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![Page 1: Managing the dynamics of the New Zealand spatial cadastre · Managing the dynamics of the New Zealand spatial cadastre Don Grant1, Chris Crook2, Nic Donnelly2 1 RMIT University 2](https://reader030.vdocuments.site/reader030/viewer/2022040909/5e81d68595691a377f6d0752/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Managing the dynamics of the New
Zealand spatial cadastre
Don Grant1, Chris Crook2, Nic Donnelly2
1 RMIT University
2 Land Information New Zealand
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• The immediate problem – Canterbury earthquakes
• The generic problem – a multidisciplinary issue - who owns what?
• The legal/regulatory cadastral survey response
• The geophysical/geodetic/spatial response
• Limitations of the recently applied deformation model
Overview – Cadastral dynamics
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 2
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Canterbury earthquakes 4 September 2010
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 3
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Impact on cadastral boundaries:
a recently surveyed “straight” boundary
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 4
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Movement due to lateral spreading as a result of liquefaction -
the wall and house were previously adjacent
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 5
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Boundary peg appears to be undisturbed but it has moved 2.8 metres
due to lateral spreading as a result of liquefaction
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 6
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A multi-disciplinary problem
How do deep crustal processes impact on the
legal rights of ordinary people to their land?
Who do you go to for an answer to this question?
a. Geophysicists?
b. Lawyers?
c. Surveyors?
d. Spatial scientists?
e. All of the above?
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 7
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A multi-disciplinary problem
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 8
Solid Earth
Geophysics
Land
Law
Cadastral
Surveying Geodesy
Fault Plane
Model
Reference Frame
& Point Motions
Reference Frame
Motions
Higher density
local movement
Legal
evidence
Case Law
Legal opinions
Remote sensing
Spatial data
management
Science Law
Surveying & spatial science
Body of Knowledge
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Deformation of cadastre - scenarios
Movement
Category
Spatial
variation
Temporal
variation
Parcels
distorted?
Boundary
moves?
Spatial model
Tectonic
motion
Continuous -
broad scale
Continuous -
near linear
No Yes Datum deformation
model
Earthquake -
remote
Continuous -
broad scale
Instantaneous
+ post-seismic
No Yes Deformation patch
Earthquake -
near field
Continuous Instantaneous
+ post-seismic
Near linear
(affine)
Yes Deformation patch
Earthquake -
rupture zone
Discontinuous Instantaneous
+ post-seismic
Non linear Yes? Interpolate across
rupture, resurvey
Landslip /
Rockfall
Discontinuous Instantaneous No No Not modelled
Liquefaction Generally
discontinuous
Instantaneous Yes & No? No? Not modelled
Water boundary
avulsion
Continuous
but localised
Instantaneous No No Not modelled
Accretion &
erosion
Continuous
but localised
Continuous -
slow
Yes Yes Updated following
survey
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 9
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Amended Rules for Cadastral Survey
Changes to “straight” boundaries
RMIT University©2011 10 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014
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Horizontal and Vertical Displacements
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 11
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Total Displacements from all Earthquakes
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 12
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InSAR interference pattern –
Darfield earthquake
Each coloured
fringe represents
1.5 cm of ground
displacement in
line-of-sight to the
satellite
Incoherent
regions indicate
ground damage
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 13
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Fault Plane Model (J Beavan, GNS Science)
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 14
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Fault plane solutions for major aftershocks
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 15
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Changes to NZGD2000 coordinates
Landonline updates
7,876,563
coordinates
2,215,410 nodes
2,745,690 lines
543,787 parcels
48,629 roads
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 16
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Match of model and measured movements
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 17
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Detailed coordinate adjustments
- Model vs reality
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 18
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Complexity of the fault trace
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 19
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Fault plane model deformation contours
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 20
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Discrepancy between model
and surface trace
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 21
Physical Fault Trace
Modelled surface
Expression of
Fault
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Questions?
(There will be more to discuss on this and other earthquake
related survey/spatial topics at the
FIG2016 Working Week in Christchurch, 2-6 May 2016)
RMIT University©2011 Research @ Locate14 – Canberra 7-9 April 2014 22