management of hospital pharmacy

7/31/2019 MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY

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(PLANNING,ORGANIZING,CONTROLLING)


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DP-108-239


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PHARMACY are premises licensed for retail sale orsupply to hospital which have qualified licensed personsand indulged in compounding.

The pharmacy ACT was passed in 1948 whichrationalized the pharmacy.

The ACT was amended from time to time in 1959 and1976

HOSPITAL PHARMACY can be defined as

hospital pharmacy is a department or service in a

hospital under the directions of qualified pharmacists

where all medications and related supplies are

stocked,dispensed on prescription to in and out

patients,supplied to nursing units,manufature bulk and


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Hospital pharmacy

It mainly concerned withdispensing of medications

to pts of hospital. It has much more

compounding ofinjectables,solutions and

oral dosage form are insingle dosing units.

Retail pharmacy

It is concerned with allpatients of community.

It usually contains monthlysupplies of pre-dosedmedications


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Hospital pharmacy

Hospital pharmacist areinvolved in drug

dispensing

Clinical pharmacy

Clinical pharmacist areinvolved in working with

patient care and advisingdoctor and nurses


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DP-108-138


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OBJECTIVES

To ensure the availability of right medication at right timein right dose at minimum possible cost.

To professionalize the functioning of pharmaceutical

services in a hospital.To act as a counseling department for medical staff,nurses and for patients.

To act as a data bank on drug utilization.To participate in research projects.

To coordinate and cooperate with other departments of ahospital.

To plan,organize and implement pharmacy policyprocedures in keeping with established policies ofhospitals.


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To improve the health of public.

To expand the buisness of pharmacy.

BUDGET:

The budget of pharmacy depends on the size ofhospital.As the size of hospital increases,the budget also

increases.The total budget of hospital is planned once a year

and MANAGER of hospital pharmacy is expected tomaintain the pharmacys budget within total finance of

hospital.


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DP-108-240


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It should be located in hospital premises so that pts andstaff can easily approach it.

In multi-storeyed building of hospital pharmacy,the

pharmacy should be preferably located on ground floor.

It should be laid in such a way that there is continuousflow of men and material.


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Lay-out of ideal hospital pharmacy should be as

ASEPTIC AREA MANUFACTURING

SECTION

RAW MATERIALSTORESFINISHED

PRODUCT

PASSAGEADMINISTRATIV

E

SECTIONDISPENSINGOPEN SPACE


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250 sq.ft is min imum requied area for any sized hospital.

NO OF BEDS AREA/BED

100 bedded hospital 10 sq.ft/bed




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In smaller hospitals with one pharmacist only, only one room isrequired for pharmacy having a combination of dispensing,manufacturing,administrative and all other sections ofcomplete pharmaceutical sciences.

In large hospitals with 200 or more beds ,deparmentalization

of pharmacy activities is required.A separate room is required for

1. storage2. Compounding3. sterile products

4. Drug information services5. Unit dose dispensing6. Out pt services7. In patient services


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Floor should be smooth,easily washable and acid-resistant.

Walls should be smooth,washable and light colors.

Drug cabinets should be of wood or steel.

Plenty of windows should be used for day light.

Dust-free window blinds should be used.

Adequate electric sockets and exhaust for gases shouldbe used.


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In prescription area, office desk with telephoneconnection and file cabinet should be available.

Sectional drawers with cupboard bases should beavailable.

Drug available list should be provided.

PREPARATION AREA:

Worktables for manufacturing of solutions should beavailable.

Sinks with drain board should be available.

Empty adjustable shelves should be provided.


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Storage cabinets with proper leveling should beavailable.

Space for loading of wood packs should be provided.

OTHER FACILITIES:

Refrigerator of suitable capacity should be provided.

Splits should be provided ton maintain temperature.

Dispensing windows sould be available for nurses andout-pts.


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DP-108-402


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ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR

PHARMACIST-IN-CHIEF SECRETORY

PHARMACY

Clerk RESIDENTS

Out-pt dispensing Manufacturing In-ptdispensing

supervisor Control supervisor

supervisor


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DIRECTOR OF PHARMACY

ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF PHARMACY

1)ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT DOSE DISPENSING EDUCATION AND

SERVICES DIVISION AND ADMINISTRATION TRAINING

STUDY DIVISION

Research Assistant Assistant Director of Assistant director of

Pharmacist Director of pharmacy pharmacy

(pharmaceutical Pharmacist In patient service Departmental

Research division) assay and division services

Pharmacist specialist Q.C division Out patient service Purchase and

(radiopharmaceutical sterile product division inventory

Division) division I.V admixture control

Pharmacist specialist Central supply division Manufacturing

(drug information Services division & Assay


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DP-108-167


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PURCHASING: Purchasing means to obtain an item by paying

money per its equivalent

PURCHASING AUTHORITY: In hospital, purchasing authority is assigned to

PHARMACIST.

METHODS OF PURCHASING:

1. Purchasing from local retail pharmacyIt involves the purchase in emergency conditions

from local retail pharmacy


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In this method,manufacturer submit their bid quotationsand pharmacist select the manufacturer with high qualityand low price.

CONTRACTPURCHASE (PRIME-VENDOR SYSTEM):

The contract purchase arrangement can be done withmanufacturer, wholesaler, or with a company for a

hospital supply.

In this method,a manufacturer pr supplier enter intocontractfor supply of drug products for a specified periodof time.


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The delivery of all drugs must be checked against theHOSPITAL PURCHASE ORDER FORMS and anydifference b/w ordered and received quantities isrecorded.

The drugs should be received by pharmacist and placethem in PHARMACY RECEIVING AREA.

All drugs should be placed into stock promptly uponreceipt, and controlled substances must be directly

transferred to safes and other secured area.


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DP-108-183


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Important considerations for stocking of drugs in pharmacy are:

1.STABILITY-COMPATIBLE STORAGE:

Proper storage control in terms of temperature,light,humidity,sanitation and ventilation conditions.

Compatible with stability of stored products.

2. SECURE STORAGE:

The drug storage areas must be well-secured.

Drug shelves and cabinets should be designated so that the drugaccessibility is confined to authorized personnel only.

3.SAFE STORAGE:

The poisons and inflammable compounds should be stored in safeplace.

4.SEGREGATE STORAGE:

External medications should be stored separately from internalmedications.


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Drugs may be stocked in

Alphabetical order

Code number sequence

Separating the solid dosage form from the remainderAccording to its use

CONTROL OF NARCOTICS:Special considerations should be given to control of

narcotics.

They should be issued on prescription with physicians

signature.

Complete records of narcotics should be mainatined.


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DP-108-198


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A number of techniques are used to manage theinventory.

1. ABC analysis:

ABC means ALWAYS BETTER CONTROL. In big hospital pharmacy, large inventory items are

stocked, so they are grouped in 3 categories:

I Category A:

Includes COSTLY items.

ii Category B:

Incldes items that are neither costly nor cheap.

iii Category C:

Includes cheaper items.


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VED analysis means

V= VITAL

E=ESSENTIAL

D=DESIREABLE

ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY(EOQ)EOQ is used to find out how much quantity of medicine is

to be ordered.

3 methods are used to determine EOQ

TABULAR DETERMINATION

GRAPHIC PRESENTATION

ALGEBRIC FORMULA


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A wantbook is a list of items,the pharmacy needs toorder.

Pharmacits records the product name and quantities.

PRICE STICKERSColored price stickers are used to indicate the time

period during which a product was received.e.g

I. BLUE STICKERS (first 6 months of year)II. RED STICKERS (next 6 months)

III. YELLOW STICKERS(first 6 months of next year)


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In this method,minimum and maximum inventory levelsare determined.

The minimum level of product depends on its REORDERPOINT.

The maximum level is determined by demand for theproduct.

STOCK RECORD CARDS(SRCs)SRCs are used to control inventories of item A.

It maintain the records of purchases, inventory and salesof monitored items.


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Comuterized inventory system is widely used nowadays.

This system facilitates the pharmacists to maintain theconstant control of inventories.

In this system, individual products can be updatedconstantly as purchases and sales are made.


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ATTENTION

management of hospital pharmacy

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