management and ion

8/4/2019 Management and ion

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OrganisationGroup of people working for a commongoal

FedEx on time package delivery service atthe lowest prevailing price.Sony- Create innovative camerasDell computer- produce PCsOverall goal increasing profits and marketshare


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Intro. to Organizations

Management environment is rapidly changingCost focus changing to Quality focus

Autocratic systems of organisation givingway to consensus forms Globalisation and competitive pressures

Technology as an enabling force (eg. Internet)Social change focusing on people


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The relevance of your technical capabilitywill decline

The relevance of your managerial capabilitywill increase.The crossover point is generally less than

5 years


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Industrial RevolutionWorkers brought together and required some

kind of organization; Prior fixed positions of labouring class versusruling class gave way to a kind of socialDarwinism

Adam Smith (1776) founded economics withThe Wealth of Nations


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Intro. to OrganizationsThe Wealth of Nations ( 1776)

The source of wealth is the labour of people, andimprovement comes from specialization;Division of labour implies greater task familiarity;Labour is a commodity rather than an activity

A worker is a machine of production;Individuals will maximize their self-interest;Well-being of workers depends on economicgrowth.


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The rise, decline and rebirth of Ford

Henery Ford, Started with nothing in 1903, had builtfifteen years later the worlds largest and mostprofitable manufacturing enterpriseThe Ford Motor Company, in the early twenties,dominated and monopolized the Americanautomobile market and held a leadership position inmost of the other important automobile markets of the world of the worldIt had amassed, out of profits, cash reserves of abillion dollars or so


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Contd..Only a few years later, by 1927, this businessempire was in shambles.Having lost its leadershipposition and barely able to stay a poor third in themarket, it lost money almost every year for twentyyearsIn 1944 the founders grandson, Henery Ford II,then only twenty six years old and without trainingor experience, ousted two years later his grand

fathers cronies in a palace Coup, brought in atotally new management team and saved thecompany


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Management

Management is the process of planning, organizingleading and controlling the resources of anorganization in the efficient and effective pursuit of

the specified organizational goalThe process of working with and through others toachieve organizational objectives in a changingenvironment.Management entails the effective and efficient use of limited resources.


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Efficiency Effectiveness MatrixRESOURC

Euse

EfficientMost resources

contribute toproduction

InefficientFew resources

contributeto production

IneffectiveLittle progress towardorganisational goals

EffectiveSubstantial progress

towards organisational goals

Goal accomplishment

Not reachinggoals and not

wasting resources

Reaching goalsand not wasting

resources

Not reachinggoals and

wasting resources

Reaching goalsAnd wasting

resources


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Management environment

Task environmentClients

CompetitorsSuppliersRegulatorsLabour


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Internal environmentBoard of directors

EmployeesProcessCultureClimate


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Nature and characteristics of management

Management is goal orientedManagement is universalManagement is multidisciplinaryManagement is a continuous process

Management is an art as well as science


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Managerial rolesInterpersonal roles

Figurehead role

Leader roleLiaison role

Informational role

Monitor roleDisseminator roleSpokesperson role

Decision makerNegotiator roleResource allocatorDisturbance handler

Entrepreneurial


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Functions in theManagementProcess


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Managerial skills

Technical skillsHuman skillsConceptual skills


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Functional managers

Marketing managersOperational managers

Human resource managersAdministrative managersFinance mangerLine managers & staff managers


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Functions of top level management

To make corporate plan for the entire organisationTo decide corporate goalsTo design structure of organisation, creatingvarious positionsTo exercise overall managerial control through theprocess of reviewing overall financial andoperating results

To select key officials and executives for thecompanyTo formulate basic policies and principles

F i f d b iddl


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Functions performed by middlemanagers

To prepare departmental plan covering allactivities of the department within the basicframework of the corporate planTo establish departmental goalsTo issue detailed orders and instruction tolower level managersExplain and interpret policy decisions


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Supervisory level managementTo get things done by core group workersTo prepare plan for their activitiesTo issue necessary orders and instructions to the

workersTo guide, assist and help the workers byexplaining work proceduresTo motivate them and to maintain a team spirit

among themTo arrange, material, machines and tools for theworkers and provide training to them

management and ion

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