Present status of Japanese Present status of Japanese methane gas hydrate research and methane gas hydrate research and

development programdevelopment programdevelopment programdevelopment program

Manabu TanahashiManabu TanahashiInstitute for Geo-Resources and Environment,

AIST/G l i l S f JAIST/Geological Survey of Japan

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 1

Methane Hydrate Exploration Methane Hydrate Exploration Program of Japan and AIST/GSJProgram of Japan and AIST/GSJ

Methane in MH around Japan (estimation in p (2000)

In place：1014 m3In place：10 m

Resource:1012～1013m3

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 2

1. Japan’s Methane Hydrate Research p yand Development Program

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 3

Japan’s Methane Hydrate R&D Program

Ph 3 R & D f

2001-2008 2009 - 2015 2016-2018

Phase 2: verify production methods Phase 3: R & D for commercial gas productionPhase 1

3 Field

Preparation of offshore Production test

Offshore Production test

Verification ofTechnologyEconomy

Final app

March 2008: 6 days continuous gas production from GH in Mallik, in Canadian Arctic

3. Field production test

Environment1. Planning to test in safe in deepwater

praisal

Comparison of Production Concepts

Final a

Interim

Pore space filling GH in sand layer

4. Evaluation of seabed deformation and

penvironment

Production test on-land

Comparison of Production Concepts

Solid GH

Dissociation to gas

appraisal

appraisal

GHConventional natural gas

sand layergas leakage to the environment

2. Long term production test

gas

l

GH gas resource potentialE i l t f 14

Eastern Nankai Trough

Resource potential evaluation of GH deposits around Japan

oil

Equivalent of 14 years domestic demand of gas

Arial distribution of GH

p p p

R&D of drilling etc. for higher productivity and recovery rate2011/3/2 4Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop

2. Results of Phase 1 Exploration & Resource Assessment

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 5

Exploration of methane Exploration of methane hydrate in Japan duringhydrate in Japan duringhydrate in Japan during hydrate in Japan during MH21 Phase 1 (2001MH21 Phase 1 (2001--2008)2008)

Exploration in Eastern Nankai Trough

2D S i i S i FY20012D Seismic Survey in FY20013D Seismic Survey in FY2002Exploratory Drilling in FY2003(JOIDES Resolution)

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 640 TCF

Methane Hydrate Concentrated ZoneMethane Hydrate Concentrated Zone

Hydrate is concentrated in turbidite sand Alternation of sand and mud

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 7

Seismic profile

Hydrate concentrated zone

Hydrate stability zone

Turbiditechannel

Top of channelHydrate 

existing zone

Strong reflectionHydrate 

concentrated zone

Base of channelBase of channel

High velocity anomaly

Velocity profile

g y y

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 8

Recognition of Methane Hydrate concentrated zoneRecognition of Methane Hydrate concentrated zone

Indices of MHIndices of MH

1. BSR2. Strong reflection3 High velocity anomaly Indices of MH Indices of MH 

concentrated zoneconcentrated zone3. High velocity anomaly4. Turbidite sand

3. High velocity anomaly

2. Strong reflectionTop of channel

1. BSR

4. Turbidite sandBase of channel

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 9

3. Results of Phase 1 Production technology and field test

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 10

Production technology Production technology development and fielddevelopment and fielddevelopment and field development and field production test during production test during MH21 Phase 1 (2001MH21 Phase 1 (2001--2008)2008)

On-land gas production test from gas hydrate in Mallik, Mackenzie Delta, Canadian Arctic

1st Production test in FY2001hot water circulation –

470 m3/5 days2nd Production test in FY2006 072nd Production test in FY2006-07

de-pressurization –13,000m3/6 days

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 11

4. Phase 2 Programg

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 12

Phase 2 of Gas Hydrate Development R&D by MH21 (Research Consortium for Methane Hydrate Resources in Japan)

EHPreparation of offshore

d i

Phase 2: 2009-2015: Seven years

Interim appraisal

Final appraisal

EH

LH

Production testOn-land production test

1st and 2nd Offshore production testFinal appraisal

Find out challenges remain

Planning on-landproduction test

On-land long term production testAlaska?

1st Offshore 2nd Offshore

Preparation of Offshoreproduction test

Offshore P d ti t t

Preparation(Technical challenge, Test methods)

Analysis and Preparation

production test production testProduction test

R&D exploration and exploitation

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 13

Appraisal Interim appraisal

Final appraisal

5. Offshore production test planp p

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 14

Offshore production test scheduleOffshore production test schedule

Planning  of offshore production test

Contract with operator

1st Production testRig choice

test

> location> duration

Operation> TestM it i

Analysis

Field test design

Equipment design, purchase order, drilling 

d d ti l> number of wells> completion formation

> Monitoring

Dissociation and Production & 

monitoring well drillingSite survey 

G t h d ill

and production plan

formationEnvironmental monitoring

monitoring well drillingGeo‐tech drill, AUV, Env.

On‐land engineering test 1 & 2

Preparation of 2nd Production test

2nd Production test

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 15

Outline of 1Outline of 1stst Offshore production testOffshore production test

FY2012

FY2010‐2011 Site survey (with drilling)

Using floating drilling rig, gas production of several to 10 thousand m3/day during a week to one month.

Eastern Nankai Trough

Production with de‐pressurization (dissociate hydrate into gas and water within geological formation )

2 candidate sites at present.  One site will be chosen in 2011

On‐land production test was succeeded by de‐pressurization in Mallik, Canda in 2008.

Floating Rig

Rizer pipe (gas + water)

Casing pipe

P

Pore‐space filling hydrate in

Pump

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 16

Pore space filling hydrate in sand layer(E. Nankai Trough) Concept of de‐pressurization Offshore production test

Drilling plan for offshore production testDrilling plan for offshore production testFY2010 FY2011 FY2012 FY2013

Production test Abandonment AbandonmentDrilling (production & monitoring wells)

Drilling (geo‐tech wells)

Ri l BOP and riser connection Well

Pro

we

Riser‐less drilling for core sampling and geo‐

Riser‐less drilling one well

Riser‐less drilling and 

BOP and riser connectionProduction test (a week to a month)

Monitoring (dissociation of

Well abandonment

Data collection &  Data collection & 

oductio

n 

ell

Mon

well

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 17

tech test placement of sensors,geological sampling

Monitoring (dissociation of GH and environment)

Well abandonment

Well abandonment

nito

ring 

l + sensors

Drilling for Methane Hydrate in JapanDrilling for Methane Hydrate in Japan

Chik 2011 Site SurveyChikyuIODP Riser Drillingplatform

2011 Site Survey

platform

JOIDES ResolutionIODP non-Riser d illi l tfdrilling platform

2000 MITI Nankai Trough

2004 Tokai-Kumanonada

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 18MG Hulme Jr.

Investigation by Deep Piston and Investigation by Deep Piston and Gravity Coring of R/V MarionGravity Coring of R/V MarionGravity Coring of R/V Marion Gravity Coring of R/V Marion 

DufresneDufresne, Eastern Margin of the , Eastern Margin of the , g, gJapan Sea Japan Sea 

Ryo Matsumoto (Univ of Tokyo)Ryo Matsumoto (Univ of Tokyo) Ryo Matsumoto (Univ. of Tokyo), Ryo Matsumoto (Univ. of Tokyo), 

Manabu Manabu TanahashiTanahashi (AIST/GSJ),(AIST/GSJ),

and MD179 Shipboard Scientistsand MD179 Shipboard Scientists and MD179 Shipboard Scientistsand MD179 Shipboard Scientists

St d f F t FilliSt d f F t Filli M th G H d tM th G H d t

• In MH21 project, target of exploration has been focused 

Study of Fracture FillingStudy of Fracture Filling Methane Gas HydrateMethane Gas Hydrate

p j , g pon sand layer pore space filling type hydrate in Eastern Nankai Trough forearc basin.

• Fracture filling type hydrate is also developed around Japanese Islands.  The most well studied area is the E t i f J SEastern margin of Japan Sea.

• They are developed mainly in fracture of mud layer, seaThey are developed mainly in fracture of mud layer, sea floor and shallow subbottom, and are accompanied with the upward fluid flow from the deep to sea bottom.

• Scientific studies are not enough compared with the pore space filling type.

20

Types of Marine Gas HydrateTypes of Marine Gas HydrateSea 

surface

yp yyp y

Water Depth 500m

Gas Hydrate at theSeabottom surface500m

+ Gas Hydrate at theFracture in mud layer Gas Hydrate filling pore

space of sand layer Sea b

Sandy layer f bidi

bottom

th < 

0m

of turbiditeMethane hydrate concentrated zone 

Free gas zoneDep

t500

21From MH21 Home Page

N.AMERICATectonic Tectonic Framework ofFramework ofFramework of Framework of Eastern margin of Eastern margin of Japan SeaJapan Sea OkushiriJapan Sea Japan Sea 

Japan SeaEURASIAN

PACIFIC

JoetsuAMRIAN PLATEPLATE

NankaiNankaiTrough

PHILIPPINE SEA

Surveys of Hydrate in Surveys of Hydrate in JoetsuJoetsu Area until 2009Area until 2009

20012001：：3D Seismic Survey “SW offing 3D Seismic Survey “SW offing SadoSado Is.”Is.”20032003：：Exploratory Well “Exploratory Well “SadoSado SW SW offshreoffshre””*Hydrate on Sea bottom was discovered during the *Hydrate on Sea bottom was discovered during the sitesite‐‐survey of the drilling.survey of the drilling.

Surface hydrate surveys from 2004 by Univ. Tokyo, Surface hydrate surveys from 2004 by Univ. Tokyo, JAMSTEC and AISTJAMSTEC and AISTCruises:Cruises:UmitakaUmitaka（（UT04, UT05, UT06, UT07, UT08, UT09UT04, UT05, UT06, UT07, UT08, UT09））, , KaiyoKaiyo&& NatsushimaNatsushima（（KY05KY05 08 NT0508 NT05 09 NT0609 NT06 19 NT0719 NT07 2020& & NatsushimaNatsushima（（KY05KY05‐‐08, NT0508, NT05‐‐09, NT0609, NT06‐‐19, NT0719, NT07‐‐20, 20, NT08NT08‐‐09 , NT0909 , NT09‐‐1616））MethodsMethods○○Piston coringPiston coring (6(6‐‐12m): sediment sampling and Heat 12m): sediment sampling and Heat Flow measurementFlow measurement○○ROVROV (Observation, rock and animal sampling, (Observation, rock and animal sampling, temperature measurement, Side Scan Sonar)temperature measurement, Side Scan Sonar)○○AcousticAcoustic (Multi(Multi‐‐narrow beam bathymetry Singlenarrow beam bathymetry Single○○AcousticAcoustic (Multi(Multi‐‐narrow beam bathymetry, Single narrow beam bathymetry, Single Channel Profiling, Echogram of fish founder)Channel Profiling, Echogram of fish founder)○○CTDCTD・・Sea water column samplingSea water column sampling○○Electric Conductivity SurveyElectric Conductivity Survey

Topography ofTopography of JoetsuJoetsuTopography  of Topography  of JoetsuJoetsuArea Area compiled by compiled by MineoMineo

HiromatsuHiromatsu from the swath bathymetry from the swath bathymetry 

Joetsu Knoll

y yy ydata obtained during 2004data obtained during 2004‐‐2009 2009 geological survey cruisesgeological survey cruises

Umitaka Spur

Gas Chimney possible conduit of gas resolved fluidGas Chimney possible conduit of gas resolved fluidy p gy p g

BSR

Gas Chimneyy

BSRGas Chimney

BSR

2011/3/2 Hydrate in Japan, CCOP Hydrate Workshop 26

2010 MD CRUISE in JAPAN 2010 MD CRUISE in JAPAN SEASEA (MD179)(MD179)

Hakodate

OtaruOKUSHIRI AREA

Cruise ScheduleChi f S i i

SEASEA (MD179)(MD179)

• 6/14 Arrival in Joetsu(Naoetsu)

• 6/15 Departure

Chief ScientistRyo Matsumotoand 42 Scientists

ii

• 6/16‐25 Survey

• 6/26 Arrival in Otaru

• 6/27 Departure

and 42 Scientists

Niigata

JOETSU AREAR/V Marion DufresneIPEV FranceIPEV, France

CalypsoMD179 Survey MethodsMD179 Survey Methods

• Calypso （Long Piston Corer、～60m） 13 sites60m） 13 sites

• Gravity Corer （Heat Flow Measurement and sampling、～ CASQp g、20m） 8+7 sites

CASQ

CASQ (CAlypso SQuare: Box Corer、( yp9m、12m) 7 sites

Multi Narrow Beam Bathymetry

MultiSensor Track 3.5kHz Subbottom Profiling

Multi Narrow Beam

3.5 kHz Subbottom ProfilingBathymetry

Photo by Muramatsu, 2010

Marion Dufresne SBP record, Umitaka Spur

EW Mound

C / MD10‐329933.5 m

1.25s

1000ec)

1000m

vel Tim

e (se

pth

o W

ay Trav

ater

De

Two

Wa

1.50s 1125m

Preliminary correlation of MD179 cores in Japan Sea

40-50ka40-50ka

Hydrate

By Yoshikazu Kakuwa

Schematic model of gas and gas hydrate distribution in the Umitaka Spur sediments

Last glacial sea level fall and pressure release caused dissociation of subsurface gas hydrate and “Collapse of Gas Hydrate System” of the Umitaka SpurSystem  of the Umitaka Spur

Dissociation of gas hydrates release of large amount of 

thmethane

Gas Chimney