Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System

Before we begin…Before we begin…

We need to be mature and respectful We need to be mature and respectful during this unit…during this unit…

I guarantee you will have questions…I guarantee you will have questions…ASK!ASK!

Why do we need to know the Male Why do we need to know the Male and Female Reproductive Systems?and Female Reproductive Systems?

FunctionsFunctions

Produce and store spermProduce and store sperm SpermSperm – male reproductive cell – male reproductive cell Transfer sperm to female body during Transfer sperm to female body during

sexual intercoursesexual intercourse – the act of the – the act of the male penis being inserted into the male penis being inserted into the female vaginafemale vagina

Reproduce!!! When a sperm (male) Reproduce!!! When a sperm (male) egg (female) join….called Fertilizationegg (female) join….called Fertilization

How the male body changesHow the male body changes

During early teen years (12-15) the body During early teen years (12-15) the body starts to produce starts to produce testosteronetestosterone – the male – the male sex hormone.sex hormone.

Testosterone triggers many physical Testosterone triggers many physical changeschanges Commonly called secondary sex characteristicsCommonly called secondary sex characteristics These changes are known as These changes are known as pubertypuberty..

After puberty begins, a male is capable of After puberty begins, a male is capable of producing sperm for the rest of his life. producing sperm for the rest of his life.

Secondary Sex Secondary Sex CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Larger musclesLarger muscles Longer, heavier Longer, heavier

bonesbones Thicker, tougher Thicker, tougher

skinskin Deeper voiceDeeper voice Growth of body hairGrowth of body hair Development of Development of

pubic hairpubic hair

Greater muscle massGreater muscle mass V-shaped torsoV-shaped torso Enlargement of penis, Enlargement of penis,

scrotum, and testesscrotum, and testes Increased metabolic Increased metabolic

raterate Sex driveSex drive Ejaculation of semenEjaculation of semen

Male Diagram Male Diagram

External Reproductive External Reproductive OrgansOrgans

Testes – two small glands that Testes – two small glands that secrete testosterone and produce secrete testosterone and produce spermsperm

ScrotumScrotum

Thin walled, muscular pouch which Thin walled, muscular pouch which holds and protects the testesholds and protects the testes

Controls the temperature of the Controls the temperature of the sperm (1sperm (1°°-2-2°° below body below body temperature) through muscular temperature) through muscular contraction and relaxationcontraction and relaxation

EpididymisEpididymis

Epididymis – tube above the testis in Epididymis – tube above the testis in which sperm is matured and storedwhich sperm is matured and stored

Vas DeferensVas Deferens

Vas Deferens – long tube which carries Vas Deferens – long tube which carries sperm to an organ called the seminal sperm to an organ called the seminal vesiclevesicle

Seminal VesiclesSeminal Vesicles

*Seminal Vesicle – produces fluid *Seminal Vesicle – produces fluid that mixes with sperm to nourish the that mixes with sperm to nourish the sperm and make it more mobilesperm and make it more mobile

Prostate GlandProstate Gland

A small gland that surrounds the urethra A small gland that surrounds the urethra at the base of the bladderat the base of the bladder

Releases an alkaline solution to protect Releases an alkaline solution to protect the sperm from the slightly acidic the sperm from the slightly acidic environment of the vaginal tractenvironment of the vaginal tract

Secretes a milky fluid that makes up the Secretes a milky fluid that makes up the majority of semenmajority of semen

Cowper’s GlandCowper’s Gland

Lubricates the urethra and Lubricates the urethra and neutralizes the acid content neutralizes the acid content

* These three are known as * These three are known as accessory glands Seminal Vesicle, accessory glands Seminal Vesicle, Prostate, Cowpers)Prostate, Cowpers)

Cowper’s Gland

UrethraUrethra

A small tube that extends from the A small tube that extends from the bladder as well as from each vas bladder as well as from each vas deferens through the penis to the deferens through the penis to the outside of the bodyoutside of the body

Carries both urine and semen out of Carries both urine and semen out of the body through the penisthe body through the penis

PenisPenis

The external reproductive organ composed of The external reproductive organ composed of a spongy tissue that contains many blood a spongy tissue that contains many blood vesselsvessels

As a result of increased blood flow the penis As a result of increased blood flow the penis becomes enlarged and erect During arousal, becomes enlarged and erect During arousal, blood flow to the penis increases - blood flow to the penis increases - vasocongestion.vasocongestion.

This causes an This causes an erectionerection – an enlargement of – an enlargement of the penis the penis

Body’s preparation for sexual intercourseBody’s preparation for sexual intercourse

The male penis…The male penis… When penis becomes erect, semen can When penis becomes erect, semen can

be ejected from the bodybe ejected from the body SemenSemen – thick fluid containing sperm – thick fluid containing sperm

and other secretions and other secretions A series of muscular contractions occurs, A series of muscular contractions occurs,

thus creating an thus creating an ejaculationejaculation – expulsion – expulsion of semen from the male penis. of semen from the male penis.

Nocturnal Emissions may occur – Nocturnal Emissions may occur – ejaculation that occurs during sleep. ejaculation that occurs during sleep. This is perfectly normal!This is perfectly normal!

The path of sperm cells The path of sperm cells from production to releasefrom production to release

1

23

65

4

Cowper’s Gland

7

The path of sperm cells The path of sperm cells from production to releasefrom production to release

•Sperm cells are produced in the (1)testes•Stored in the (2)epididymis•Travel through the (3)vas deferens•Combine with fluid from the (4)seminal vesicles•Combine with fluid from the (5)prostate gland•Combine with fluid from the (6)Cowper’s gland•Now called semen, travels through the (7)urethra in the penis•Leaves the body through the opening in the penis during ejaculation

The male Penis…The male Penis…

Foreskin – thin, loose flap is skin that Foreskin – thin, loose flap is skin that covers the tip of the peniscovers the tip of the penis Usually removed at birthUsually removed at birth This is known as circumcision This is known as circumcision

CircumcisionCircumcision

Keeping the male Keeping the male reproductive system reproductive system

healthyhealthy Bath regularlyBath regularly Wear Protective EquipmentWear Protective Equipment Practice Practice AbstinenceAbstinence – not having sex – not having sex

before marriage to avoid STD’s – before marriage to avoid STD’s – sexually transmitted diseasesexually transmitted disease

Perform self-examsPerform self-exams Get regular check-ups!Get regular check-ups!

Staying HealthyStaying Healthy

Bath regularlyBath regularly All males should wash pubic area with All males should wash pubic area with

soap and watersoap and water Uncircumsized males need to pull back Uncircumsized males need to pull back

foreskin and cleanforeskin and clean

Here’s what you can do…Here’s what you can do…

. . Perform self-examsPerform self-exams Males should gently message each Males should gently message each

testicle to detect any bumps or testicle to detect any bumps or abnormalitiesabnormalities

Do this at least once a monthDo this at least once a month Looking for signs of testicular cancer!Looking for signs of testicular cancer! Earlier the detection, the easier it is Earlier the detection, the easier it is

to treat!to treat!

Problems of the male Problems of the male reproductive systemreproductive system

Sterility – inability to reproduceSterility – inability to reproduce Result of too few sperm or sperm of Result of too few sperm or sperm of

poor qualitypoor quality May be caused by:May be caused by:

Exposure to chemicals, lead, x-rays, Exposure to chemicals, lead, x-rays, radiationradiation

Hormonal imbalances, STDs, steroids!Hormonal imbalances, STDs, steroids!

ProblemsProblems

Testicular CancerTesticular Cancer Occurs mostly between ages of 14-40Occurs mostly between ages of 14-40 Mostly treatable with early detectionMostly treatable with early detection

ProblemsProblems

Prostate CancerProstate Cancer The prostate gland can become The prostate gland can become

enlarged due to tumorsenlarged due to tumors The earlier you detect this, the greater The earlier you detect this, the greater

the chance of recovery.the chance of recovery.

ProblemsProblems

Inguinal Hernia- weakness of the wall Inguinal Hernia- weakness of the wall of the inguinal canal coming through of the inguinal canal coming through the abdominal cavity.the abdominal cavity.