Making Way for the Hydrogen Economy in Scotland

Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Activity in Scotland

Stephen Pyke CEO Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association

shfca.org.uk

Contents

!  About SHFCA !  Why hydrogen and fuel cells? !  What is happening now? !  Creating opportunities in HFC !  The way forward

Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association

!   Set up in 2004 with financial support from Scottish Enterprise Energy Team

!   Currently 45 member organisations !   Membership ranges from Corporates, SMEs, local authorities, Universities

through to consultants and individual members !   Members from outside Scotland – England, Norway, Germany, India, USA !   Target groups for new membership include:

-  Local Authorities -  Offshore sector (majors and engineering) -  Manufacturing industry, supply chain providers

!   SHFCA members participate in Scottish, UK and EU programmes !   SHFCA members on EU HFP Implementation Group !   Participate in BSI work on Hydrogen Standards

SHFCA – a new phase in 2010 !   Located to Hydrogen Office, Methil, Fife !   Awarded ERDF grant funding in 2010 !   Appointment of full-time CEO

  15 years experience in industrial fuel cell development   Formerly Head of Fuel Cell Development at Rolls-Royce Fuel

Cell Systems Ltd

!   A big challenge lies ahead!

SHFCA – the future !   Membership consultation process underway... !   Participate with Scottish Govt on renewables energy

policy (FREDS) !   Quarterly members’ meetings (next 17 November) !   Networking / partnerships !   Identify and secure funding opportunities !   Project implementation !   Consultancy !   Training / information

Why Hydrogen and Fuel Cells? Hydrogen !   An ideal energy vector for the environment !   Combustion product is steam

Fuel cells !   Electrochemically combust fuels

  high efficiency   70% chemical to electrical

!   A range of potential fuel options – not just Hydrogen !   Highly scalable

  decentralised renewables !   Silent !   Clean !   Reliable and secure power

Why Hydrogen and Fuel Cells? (cont) A complementary role in Renewable Energy Economy !   Contribute to fossil fuel displacement (Scottish economy currently

96% dependent on fossil fuels)

!   Part of a diverse energy landscape

!   Decentralised energy of increasing importance

!   Trading opportunities for renewable hydrogen

!   Hydrogen and fuel cells can enable greater renewables penetration   Storage of excess

  Buffering through high efficiency to electricity   Better use of biomass/waste

  Fuel and system flexibility

What is happening in Scotland now?

Unst-PURE

Hydrogen Office

St Andrews Napier University Logan Energy

Outer Hebrides Hydrogen Project

Strathclyde Uni ETC

UHI Aberdeen University

The Hydrogen Office Methil Docks Business

Park Methil Leven

KY8 3RE

THE HYDROGEN OFFICE

The Hydrogen Office

The Hydrogen Office Ltd is working to support the accelerated development of the renewable,

hydrogen, fuel cell and energy storage industries in Scotland by: inspiring people; promoting both the

Scottish opportunity and opportunities in Scotland; improving access to and understanding of the

technology; promoting sector development; facilitating research and development; and enhancing

educational opportunities.

The Pure Energy® Centre Complete renewable energy infrastructure  

PEC – some achievements    26  hydrogen  systems  sold,  7  in  the  UK  

  Over  100kW  of  fuel  cell  installed    Developed  ScoBsh  first  completely  operaDonal  PEM  fuel  cell  

  Installed  over  1MW  of  renewable  energy      Launched  the  first  training  course  in  the  world  on  Pure  hydrogen®  

  Taught  over  650  school  pupils  on  hydrogen  technologies    Complete  professional  development  programmes  at  PEC  

•  National Emergency Response Centre

•  CCHP/UPS replacement

•  Prime power •  200 kWe •  275 kWt

Logan Energy Hydrogen Technologies >15 MW of installed capacity

Transport for London, Palestra

Outer Hebrides Activity

Hydrogen Laboratory (H2Lab) Lews Castle College, UHI

Hydrogen Engineering skills training & Hydrogen Research

•  MSc & PhD technology application studies

• KTP hydrogen fuel cell project with PEC

H2seed Facility - Operational May 2010

Comhairle nan Eilean Siar’s renewable hydrogen production, storage & refuelling facility

Alkaline electrolyser 5.3 Nm3/h, ~0.45 kg/h up to 12 bar

Hydrogen storage capacity (at 15°C): Buffer (low pressure): 4.5 kg at 12 bar High pressure: 34.1 kg at 420 bar

Revolve Technologies conversion for Cenex Bi-fuel (petrol/hydrogen) Ford Transit 2.3 litre internal combustion engine 187 litre storage (4.5 kg @ 350 bar & 15°C)

Operated on Stornoway - Shawbost duty route, ~70 miles (110 km) 23 refuelling operations supplying 71 kg of green hydrogen ~713 miles of hydrogen fuelled post delivery

Scotland’s first hydrogen vehicle on operational duties Royal Mail’s Hydrogen Delivery Vehicle Trial summer 2010

CnES/LCC ERDF application submitted to develop the region’s infrastructure

  Acquire, operate and monitor performance of hydrogen vehicles

  Develop H2seed Facility as a wind-to-hydrogen energy storage & energy diversification demonstration

  Link CnES’s CEP wind turbine project to the H2seed Facility   Install fuel cell for electricity re-generation

  Establish hydrogen vehicle workshop at H2Lab, LCC

Continue research and dissemination activities

  H2Lab coordinating European project helping communities adopt hydrogen storage

  Joint CnES / H2Lab ERDF application to support the optimisation of the H2seed Facility operation

A Hebridean Hydrogen Economy The next steps …

Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Capability •  R&D, testing, modelling and consultancy services

•  Certification services through TUV SUD

Fuel  cell  hybrid  vehicle  applicaDons  

Fuel  cell  development  and  modelling  

Hydrogen  in  combusDon  systems  

Energy Technology Centre

Chem Mater. 2009, 21, 1077-84 Nature Materials, 2003, 2, 320-323 Nature Materials, 2004, 3, 17-27 Electrochem Solid-State Lett, 12, 2009, B48-B52 Nature, 439, 2006, 568-571

Impregnated La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.5O3 (LSCM) - Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Direct Methane Utilisation with UPenn

University of St Andrews

High surface area nano-particles of LSCM on YSZ give large three-phase boundaries

New Fuel Cell concept for direct conversion of carbon

http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16795-factory-offcuts-could-power-fuel-cells.html Energy Environ. Sci. 2009, DOI: 10.1039/B820836K & Energy Environ. Sci., 1, 2008, 148-155

•  Development of low-cost, robust materials for electrochemical devices •  for a range of Fuel Cells and Electrolyser for renewable hydrogen production

•  Developed the first urea / urine fuel cell (along with Prof. John Irvine at University of St Andrews)

•  NH3 synthesis and use - Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from renewable electricity and direct NH3 fuel cell developed - not only hydrogen, NH3 is also a potential energy storage vector

University of Strathclyde Dept Chemical and Process Engineering

To convert the entire UK vehicle fleet to run on hydrogen, the total amount of new electricity generating capacity needed to supply all of the current 9271 fuel filling stations in the UK would be 44.4 GW, supplying an additional 390TWh (the current UK grid used 304TWh in 2007) - HENCE WE NEED ANOTHER GRID!

University of Strathclyde Dept of Electronic & Elect Eng

Studying electric grid model scenarios with renewables (wind) and electrolysers, to study impact and control possibilities e.g. IEEE30 bus system

Investigation of harmonics on the AC supply of the electrolyser No significant harmonics were observed. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) on the AC Voltage was: 0.48%

The harmonic impact of larger scale electrolysers, where filter space and cost increase, is expected to be more significant.

University of Strathclyde Dept of Electronic & Elect Eng

Edinburgh Napier University With Proof-of-Concept support from Scottish Enterprise

!   Novel manufacturing process for solid oxide fuel cell electrodes using low temperature electroless co-deposition

!   Lower cell manufacturing costs !   lower capital investments !   less waste materials !   less energy intensive process due to much lower processing temperatures and

shorter processing times !   Better control of thermal mismatch between components !   Better control of materials chemistry

Creating opportunities for Scotland FREDS - Sub-group Hydrogen & Fuel Cells !   Hydrogen & Fuel Cells contribution to Scottish Government’s Low

Carbon Strategy !   Renewables Action Plan

!   Explore support for Hydrogen & Fuel Cells demonstration projects

!   Contribution of Hydrogen & Fuel Cells to Sustainable transport Policy

!   Work with regulators (Ofgem) to improve support for Hydrogen & Fuel Cells sector

Way Forward

!   Demonstration activities !  Work to achieve equivalent to ROC mechanisms for HFC

– give greater value to stored energy vs intermittent generation

!   Scottish Centres for HFC Research, Development and Deployment

!   Grant Support for Industry Development !   I look forward to further suggestions - SHFCA is here to

listen and work for its Members

Thank you for listening

SHFCA The Hydrogen Office Ltd

Ajax Way Methil Docks Business Park

Methil KY8 3RS

07969 448518 www.shfca.org

stephen.pyke@shfca.org.uk

WE WELCOME NEW MEMBERS!