Making Math FunDr. Laura McLaughlin Taddei

Learning Outcomes

• Discuss ways to enhance children’s natural interest in mathematics and disposition towards mathematics

• Develop, implement, assess and modify curriculum and lessons using the PA Learning Standards

• Apply and identify the NCTM Standard, The PA Early Learning Standards and the NAEYC Early Mathematics Standards

• Demonstrate an understanding to various approaches to teaching math methods to Pre-K through 2nd grade students including using a variety of concrete and transitional materials to introduce, reinforce, and review mathematics skills and concepts

Math and Anxiety

• How do you feel about mathematics? • Gresham (2007) conducted a study on pre-service

teachers level of anxiety regarding mathematics• Finding learner styles• Discussing anxiety• Making math fun• Ways to combat math anxiety http://

www.crosswalk.com/family/homeschool/how-to-deal-with-math-anxiety-1402757.html

Bruner’s Theory

• Applying Bruner’s theory of developing conceptual knowledge before procedural knowledge – discovery learning

• Using manipulatives and other materials – make concepts more concrete and meaningful

• Data revealed a statistically significant reduction in math anxiety when Bruner’s theory was implemented (Gresham, 2007)

• http://www.simplypsychology.org/bruner.html

How to Relieve Math Anxiety

• Use manipulatives • Encourage small group discussions• Journal Writing• Literature Based Math Activities

• Young children learn by being actively involved• To be good or proficient at mathematics, children must

know more than the content.• Children should be given opportunities to communicate

and connect knowledge to other mathematical ideas and to other subject areas, represent their understanding, solve problems and reason, and demonstrate a disposition to think flexibly

Process Standards

• Problem solving• Reasoning• Communication• Connections• Representation• Process Standards from NCTM

Identify the Process Standards

• Please watch the video and identify process standards (as identified by the NCTM) being used.

• Math Instruction in a Seattle Public School

• Teacher’s role in the classroom• When watching this video, how do the teachers describe

their role in teaching math in the classroom - Everyday Math

Manipulative Small Group Activity

• You will be working in small groups with a hands-on math activity

• After completing the activity, please identify what your group decides is the goal of the activity (what is the big idea), the grade level this activity would be appropriate for, and at least five ways you could implement the process standards.

• Also how could you consider diversity and special needs of children with this activity

• How would you assess whether the concept was grasped?• PA Common Core Standards for Math

Helping Children Problem-Solve

Understand the problem• Experience with material • Prior knowledge

Planning how to solve it• Prior knowledge

Carrying out the plan• Modify• Try again

Reviewing the solution

Promoting Reasoning Skills

Ask question that require investigation and reasoning. • Are you sure?• How do you know?• Why do you think …?• What else can you find that works like this?• What would happen if …?• I wonder how this could be changed?• What would the pattern be …?• What if …?• I wonder why …?• Perhaps it’s because …?

Promoting Communication Skills

• Teacher’s can verbalize and restate mathematical concepts and process and ask questions to help children clarify or extend their ideas

• Also to help give them a lot of opportunities to talk with and listen to their peers

Promoting Connections

• The overall goal is understanding: if they can see how it is related or connected to other things they know

Promoting Representation

• To encourage flexibility in mathematical representation use – pictorial (drawings, maps), graphical (bar graphs made from stacked objects, timelines, pictographs), and symbolic (tables, prose descriptions).

Tips for Teaching Math

• Provide Opportunities to talk about Mathematics• Build In Opportunities for Reflective Thought• Encourage Multiple Approaches• Teaching should provide opportunities for students to

build connections between what they know and what they are learning.

• Engage Students in Productive Struggle• Allow students the time to struggle with the mathematics

they are exploring.

Tips for Teaching Math

• Treat Errors as Opportunities for Learning• Scaffold New Content• For concepts completely new to students, the learning requires

more structure or assistance, including the use of tools like manipulatives or more assistance from peers.

• Honor Diversity• Each learner is unique, with a different collection of prior

knowledge and cultural experiences. Since new knowledge is build on existing knowledge and experience, effective teaching incorporates and builds on what the students bring to the classroom.

• Any additional tips or suggestions?

Math Games - Homemade

• Create your own math file game• Choose an age you will focus on between pre-k to 2nd

grade• Decide on the common core standards and PA learning

standards• Have fun!

Questions

Please let me know if you have any questions or comments.

Complete a short exit activity – Minute paper.

Thank you!!!

• People may forget what you did• People may forget what you said• But people will not forget how you made them feel

• Maya Angelou

Resources

Greshem, G. (2007). A study of mathematics anxiety in pre-service teachers. Early

Childhood Journal.

Early Childhood Education Standards can be accessed at - http://www.pde.state.pa.us/earlychildhood/

Math Forum is a leading online resource for improving math learning, teaching, and communications hosted by Drexel University - http://www.mathforum.org/

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics supports math education, professional development and research - www.nctm.org

Learner.org can be used for teacher professional development and as a classroom resource across all curriculums hosted by Annenberg Learner - http://www.learner.org/