make a list of everything that you know in your notes
TRANSCRIPT
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT GREECE?
Make a list of everything that you know in your notes.
HOW HAS THE GEOGRAPHY OF UTAH IMPACTED YOUR LIVES?
DrivingVacationSchool
ClothingRecreation
Geography had the same impacts on Ancient Greeks
Geography Shapes Greek Life
Consisted of mainly mountainous peninsula jutting into the Mediterranean Sea
Included approximately 1,400 islands in the Aegean and Ionian Seas
Lands on the western coast of Anatolia were also part of ancient Greece
Physical GeographyGreece is very mountainous 75% of Greece is covered by
mountains Difficult to farmSurrounded by seas Greece is located on the Balkan
Peninsula Made trade easier
Could get what they could not growAlso brought ideas back with them
The Land
Mountains divided the land into a number of different regions
Mountains made it difficult to unite the Greeks under a single government
Developed small independent community within each valley
Made land transportation difficult
Effects With so little fertile land or fresh
water for irrigation, Greece was never able to support a large population
Based their diet on basic staple crops Grains, grapes, olives
Desire for more living space, grassland for raising livestock, and adequate farmland were factors that motivated the Greeks to seek new sites for colonies
The Sea Sea shaped Greek civilization Lived around a sea rather than on the
land The seas were important
transportation routes (liquid highways) Connected Greece with other societies Sea travel and trade were
important because Greece was poor in natural resources Lacked timber, precious metals, and
usable farmland
CLIMATE OF ANCIENT GREECE
Greece has a Mediterranean climateOnly 20% of the land was suitable for farming• Winters are mild and wet
– allows for limited farming– grapes and olives
• Summers are warm and dry– leads to drought– grapes and olives are one of the few plants that can survive the summer droughts
Ancient Greek CultureCut off by mountains and the seas Isolated
Led to the formation of city-states Limited interaction and unity of Ancient
Greece Created fierce rivalries
Sea became a vital link Hundreds of bays to provide safe harbor for
ships Skilled sailors
Traded olive oil, wine, and marble Returned with grains, metals, and ideas
Adapted the Phoenician alphabet Became basis for all Western alphabets
ERAS IN GREEK CIVILIZATION
DEVELOPMENT
ARCHAIC GREECE
1650 B.C. – 700 B.C.
3 Civilizations
Minoans Mycenaean's Dorians
MINOAN CIVILIZATION
2000 B.C. – 1400 B.C.
Flourished on Island of CreteLightly color Crete on your mapCreate a key and label the key
Minoan Civilization and the time period
Crete: Minoan Civilization
(Palace at Knossos)
Built by King Minos
Crete: Minoan Civilization
(Palace at Knossos)
Built by King Minos
Palace of King Minos – North Entrance
Palace of King Minos – North Entrance
Palace of King Minos - Interiors
Palace of King Minos - Interiors
Palace of King Minos – Throne Room
Palace of King Minos – Throne Room
Minoan LadiesMinoan Ladies
Minoan Culture - Religion
Minoan Culture - Religion
Minoan PriestMinoan Snake
Goddess
Bull CultBull Cult
Great trading power Carried goods from the Black Sea
to the Nile Valley and Phoenicia Exchanged olive oil, honey, and
wine for gold, precious stones, grain and linen
Wealthy merchants spent lavishly on their homes and personal comforts rather than on temples and tombs
Minoan
Trade
Minoan
Trade
“Bireme” ship
Coast of Crete
26
The Minoans• Earthquake (around 1700 BCE)• Volcanic eruption (around 1500 BCE)• Tidal waves (following volcanic eruption) • The Minoans disappear
“Good thing we did not build there!” the Greeks agreed happily.
Natural disasters hit Crete!
MYCENAEAN CIVILIZATION
2000 B.C. – 1200 B.C.
On your map lightly color the Mycenaean civilization
Include this civilization and time period in your key as well
Label Mycenae on your map
2000 B.C. invaded Greece from the north
Built on the achievements of the Minoans
Mycenae Located on a steep rocky cliff Surrounded by a protective wall
up to 20 feet thick Could withstand almost any
attack Warrior-kings ruled the
surrounding villages and farmsKings dominated Greece from
1600 – 1200 B.C.
Aerial View of Mycenae
Aerial View of Mycenae
Mycenae Citadel & Reconstruction
Mycenae Citadel & Reconstruction
The Trojan War
Add this to your map and key
The Trojan War
Add this to your map and key
Trojan War
1250 B.C .banded together under the leadership of the king of Mycenae to attack Troy, a rival power
Troy controlled trading routes between the Aegean and Black Seas
Read the Trojan War Handout
Answer the questions in your notebook. Title this TROJAN WAR ANSWERS
The Trojan War
1200 B.C. Mycenaean Kings fought a 10 year war against Troy (an independent trading city located in Anatolia)
Trojan youth kidnapped Helen Many thought stories were fictional
until…
Sir Heinrich SchliemannSir Heinrich Schliemann
German Archeologist
Plan of the City of TroyPlan of the City of Troy
The Seven “Layers” of Ancient Troy
The Seven “Layers” of Ancient Troy
The Seven “Layers” of Ancient Troy
The Seven “Layers” of Ancient Troy
Homer’s Troy(VII)
Original Wall of the City of Troy
Original Wall of the City of Troy
Wall of Troy RecreatedWall of Troy Recreated
Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey Composed in 750 B.C. Tells the story Paris, a Trojan prince kidnapped
Helen the wife of the King of Sparta The Spartan King and his brother
Agamemnon, of Mycenae involved all of Greece in the effort to rescue Helen
After 10 years of war, Troy destroyed the Trojans into exile
The “Trojan Horse”?The “Trojan Horse”?
DORIAN CIVILIZATION
.
DORIANS
1200 B.C. – 700 B.C.
(DORIANS}
Around 1200 B.C. sea raiders attacked and burned palace after palace The Dorians hadiron weapons!
Dorians moved in
Far less advancedCentral economy collapsedTrade came to a standstillTemporarily forgot the art of writing (no written record exists for 400 years)
Little known about this period
Also called the Homeric AgeLearning took place through the
spoken wordHomer – Greatest storyteller -
Blind
Greek Culture
Declined
Greek Culture
Declined
Homer, the Blind Poet
Homer, the Blind Poet
Epics of Homer Lacking writing, Greeks learned about the
Trojan War through the spoken word Greatest storyteller was a blind poet
named Homer Trojan War forms the backdrop for the Iliad
and the Odyssey
Homer’s Great EpicsHomer’s Great Epics
Greeks Create Myths
Developed a rich set of myths, or traditional stories, about their gods
Sought to understand the mysteries of nature and human passion