maja wallengren el rostro humano del cafe
TRANSCRIPT
EL ROSTRO HUMA�O DEL CAFÉ y su importancia socioeconómica en el mundo
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
RAMACAFE VIII - Managua, 2 Septiembre, 2008
BY MAJA WALLE�GRE� - GLOBAL COFFEE REPORTER
�ICARAGUA
Crop recovery thanksto basic husbandry
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
• As many as 500 million people, 8.1% of total world population, depend on coffee
• Coffee is according to most estimates the 2nd largest traded commodity after oil
• The coffee industry generates about $70 billion to $80 billion in annual value
• 25 million small-holder producer families depend on coffee as their only income
• In the U.S. 150,000 full and time part jobs are created by the coffee industry
• Including indirect jobs, the figure could be as high as 1.8 million people in the U.S.
How Important Is Coffee In The Global Economy??
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
• Including indirect jobs, the figure could be as high as 1.8 million people in the U.S.
• In the U.S. alone, the coffee industry generates some $19 billion in annual business
• The specialty coffee industry alone accounts for almost $11billion in annual sales
• In Japan up to 3.1 million direct and indirect jobs are created by the coffee industry
• This represents 4.6% of the entire Japanese work force
• In Russia it is estimated that about 30,000 people work in the coffee business
• In Italy, about 110,000 coffee shops create employment for at least 330,000 people
Honduras and Specialty Coffee
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
COSTA RICA: Selling more than 40% of coffee outside futures
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
COSTA RICA: Selling more than 40% of coffee outside futures
Mexico:
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Vietnam
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Up-rooting of coffee is taking
place and new plantings appear
to have ceased, but Vietnam
can be expected to remain a
major producer in the future
and quality is being improved
Brazil
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Africa
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
The Social Impact Of The Crisis In Coffee Producing Countries
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Photos By Marco Ugarte
The Social impact of the 2000-2004 coffee crisis• 323,000 coffee jobs were estimated tohave been lost in Guatemala since the onset of the
crisis while in El Salvador, where the coffee industry accounted for up to 43% of the employment in the mid-1990s an estimated 600,000 jobs were lost.
• In the coffee region of San Marcos de Colon, Honduras jobs were reduced by 75% to only 600 jobs from 2400 direct jobs previously and the crisis send 72% of the people into poverty.
• 690,000 people in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and �icaragua are annually seen in need for emergency food aid due to droughts and the coffee crisis until Feb 2006
• 50% of the population in those countries live below the U� level for extreme poverty of
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
• 50% of the population in those countries live below the U� level for extreme poverty of US$1/day
• 23% to 48% of children under five years age suffer from chronic malnutrition while almost 70% of the communities have no health centre, and 20% have no access to clean drinking water
• 70% of the families, or 6.02 million people, in the disaster-prone belt of Central America do not own the land on which they live and grow crops
• �early 85% of adults in the region did not finish grammar school and 37% are illiterate
• Increased cultivation of illegal drugs in Colombia, Peru and Bolivia Source: World Food Programme
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Mass Migration As Employment Disappears
…And Villages Are Left With Only
Women And Children Left As All
The Work-Age Men Has Migrated
In The Search Of Jobs
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Central American Coffee Earnings During Crisis
Countries 99-00 Bags
99-00 $ 00-01 Bags 00-01 $ 01- 02 Bags 01- 02 $ 02-03 Bags 02-03 $
Costa Rica 2338 288 2197 205.3 2147 173.1 1945 187.2
El Salvador 2496 311 1714 131.8 1531 105 1327 103.3
Guatemala 4902 599 4414 305 3833 270 3800 308.3
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
*All export figures are in 000 Bags
Honduras 2857 345 2469 168 2147 140
Nicaragua 1286 169 1422 109 1073 70
Total 13879 1712 12184 919 10733 758
Illegal Drugs Cultivation and Civil Unrest
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Ethiopia, coffee is found everywhere :
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Ethiopia:
… but the country
where coffee first
was found by
Kaldi and the
dancing goats,
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
dancing goats,
poverty has
worsened and
Ethiopia is today
effectively poorer
than 10 years ago
Zimbabweshows how badly
land reform can go
when everything is
done wrong, turning
one of the country’s
only cash crops in ruin
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Countries Exports in mid or late 1990s
% of export earnings
Exports in 2000-01
% of export earnings
Exports 2001-02
% of export earnings
Ethiopia 2050 68 1418 50 1939 40
Uganda 4148 70 3075 25 3153 20
Tanzania 900 -- 874 -- 583 --
East Africa Coffee Exports and Earnings Figures
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
Tanzania 900 -- 874 -- 583 --
Kenya 1400 -- 1220 -- 750 --
Burundi 500 80 314 -- 250 --
Rwanda 600 70 267 -- 274 43
*All export figures are in 000 Bags
• Major trends in global development need to be incorporated
in long-term development models for the coffee industry
• World population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050
• Continuing pressure on land as demand for food crops rise
Making the Coffee Industry Sustainable Through the Year 2050
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
• Global warming could “dramatically reduce future coffee
production in many countries
• The spread of HIV/AIDS, authorities in Ethiopia estimate
that 30% of national budget is needed to fight aids by 2015
• Global trade talks at the WTO must have coffee on agenda
The myth
about
consumption
in
producing
Countries
But we are starting
to see the positive
results of the
ongoing promotion
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
…it’s not that easy as many think
Brazil
shows
it can
be done
• Crop diversification directed for domestic markets needs
• Raising productivity and reducing the cost of production
Making the Coffee Industry Sustainable Through the Year 2050
- are we prepared for a new crisis?
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• Ensuring increasing focus on reforestation
• Is the specialty market and certification the solution?
• Making the United Nations Millennium Goals Work
Colombia
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Montes
34%Pastos
35%
Plátano
1%
Average Diversification Within A Colombian Coffee Farm
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Otros permanentes
1%
Café
25%
Cacao
1%
Caña
3%
Source: National Coffee Growers Federation of Colombia
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Coffee Reforestation In Mexico:
Sustainability Depends On Shade and Organic
Ensure environmental sustainability
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
BAHIA, Brazil: The �ew Coffee Frontier
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
EL ROSTRO HUMA�O DEL CAFÉ y su importancia socioeconómica en el mundo
Ramacafe VIII Juntos llegamos mas lejos – Managua, Sep. 2, 2008
RAMACAFE VIII - Managua, 2 Septiembre, 2008
BY MAJA WALLE�GRE� - [email protected]