maintaining the cold chain

8/7/2019 Maintaining the Cold Chain

1/10

Maintaining The Cold ChainFor Perishables

Maintaining The Cold ChainFor Perishables

Adel KaderAdel Kader

UCDavisUCDavis

HarvestHarvest

CoolingCooling

Protect the product from the sun

Transport quickly to the packinghouse



Minimize delays before cooling

Cool the product thoroughly as soon as

possible



possible

Keep the product at optimum

temperature

Ship to market as soon as possible


temperature


TemporaryStorage

TemporaryStorage

Maintaining The Cold Chain ForPerishablesMaintaining The Cold Chain ForPerishables

Shading to Protect Produce from the SunShading to Protect Produce from the Sun

HarvestHarvest

CoolingCooling







possible



possible


temperature



temperature


TemporaryStorage

TemporaryStorage



2/10

Forced Air Cooling of CantaloupesForced Air Cooling of Cantaloupes

Forced Air Cooling of FlowersForced Air Cooling of Flowers


3/10

HydrocoolingHydrocooling

HydrocoolingHydrocooling Ice CoolingIce Cooling


4/10

InIn--package Icingpackage IcingVacuum CoolingVacuum Cooling


5/10

HarvestHarvest

CoolingCooling







possible



possible


temperature



temperature


TemporaryStorage

TemporaryStorage


Cold Storage FacilitiesCold Storage FacilitiesEvaporative Cooling Storage FacilitiesEvaporative Cooling Storage Facilities

Sweet PotatoStorage Bins

Use refrigerated loading area

Cool truck before loading

Load pallets towards the center ofthe truck

Avoid delays during transport

Monitor product temperature during

transport

Use refrigerated loading area

Cool truck before loading

Load pallets towards the center ofthe truck

Avoid delays during transport

Monitor product temperature during

transport

Transportto Market

Transportto Market



6/10

Marine Transport ContainerMarine Transport Container


7/10

Rail TransportRail Transport

Handlingat destination


Handlingat

home orfoodservice

Handlingat

home orfoodservice

Use a refrigerated unloading area

Measure product temperature

Move product quickly to the proper

storage area

Transport to retail markets or

foodservice operations in

refrigerated trucks

Display at proper temperature range




storage area



refrigerated trucks


Keep product at proper temperature

Use the product as soon as possible




Handling At DestinationHandling At Destination

WholesaleWholesale marketsDistribution centers

RetailRetail marketsRoadside standsFarmers marketsPick-your-own operations

WholesaleWholesale marketsDistribution centers

RetailRetail marketsRoadside standsFarmers marketsPick-your-own operations

Wholesale MarketWholesale Market


8/10

Distribution CenterDistribution Center

RoadsideStand

RoadsideStand

Keys to Successful HandlingKeys to Successful Handling

1. Inspect produce when received

2. Separate produce according to quality

3. Trim, remove damaged produce

4. Rotate on a first-in, first-out basis

5. Eliminate produce with serious defects

6. Sell as soon as possible

1. Inspect produce when received

2. Separate produce according to quality

3. Trim, remove damaged produce

4. Rotate on a first-in, first-out basis

5. Eliminate produce with serious defects

6. Sell as soon as possible

A. Quality assuranceA. Quality assurance


1. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight

2. Use cold storage rooms for short-term

and overnight holding

3. Maintain adequate ventilation

4. Use refrigerated display cases

5. Sprinkle tolerant commodities with water

1. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight

2. Use cold storage rooms for short-term

and overnight holding

3. Maintain adequate ventilation

4. Use refrigerated display cases

5. Sprinkle tolerant commodities with water

B. Temperature-relative humidity managementB. Temperature-relative humidity management


1. Handle produce with care

2. Avoid drops, impacts, and bruising

3. Do not stack containers very high

4. Use single or double layer display for soft

fruits

5. Display on padded surfaces

1. Handle produce with care

2. Avoid drops, impacts, and bruising3. Do not stack containers very high

4. Use single or double layer display for soft

fruits

5. Display on padded surfaces

C. Careful handlingC. Careful handling


9/10


1. Wash produce and remove excess

moisture if needed

2. Sort out and properly discard decayed

produce

3. Clean storage and display facilities

periodically

1. Wash produce and remove excess

moisture if needed

2. Sort out and properly discard decayed

produce

3. Clean storage and display facilities

periodically

D. Sanitation proceduresD. Sanitation procedures

Retail Display PreparationRetail Display Preparation

1. Make a plan: contrast colors and group related

items

2. Build a pyramid shape

3. Highlight highly-perishable produce

4. Do not pile produce too high

5. Bulk displays must be accessible to buyers

6. Maintain adequate lighting and cleanliness

1. Make a plan: contrast colors and group related

items

2. Build a pyramid shape

3. Highlight highly-perishable produce

4. Do not pile produce too high

5. Bulk displays must be accessible to buyers

6. Maintain adequate lighting and cleanliness

Retail DisplaysRetail Displays Retail DisplaysRetail Displays

Display Cases with Vertical Air Flow for Fresh-cut ProductsDisplay Cases with Vertical Air Flow for Fresh-cut Products

Retail Display MaintenanceRetail Display Maintenance

1. Check displays regularly

2. Keep displays replenished

3. Rotate produce when replenishing

4. Remove poor-quality produce

5. Sprinkle with water when useful

6. Check display case temperature

7. Protect potatoes from direct light

8. Transfer produce to cold rooms for

overnight storage

1. Check displays regularly

2. Keep displays replenished

3. Rotate produce when replenishing

4. Remove poor-quality produce

5. Sprinkle with water when useful

6. Check display case temperature

7. Protect potatoes from direct light

8. Transfer produce to cold rooms for

overnight storage


10/10

Commodities Which Tolerate

Sprinkling With Water

Commodities Which TolerateSprinkling With Water

1. Cool-season root vegetables without tops

2. Leafy vegetables

3. Cruciferous vegetables

4. Some immature-fruit vegetables (green

beans, green peas, summer squash,

sweet corn)

1. Cool-season root vegetables without tops

2. Leafy vegetables

3. Cruciferous vegetables

4. Some immature-fruit vegetables (green

beans, green peas, summer squash,

sweet corn)

Commodities Which TolerateDisplay on Ice

Commodities Which TolerateDisplay on Ice

Asparagus (vertical)

Broccoli

Brussels sprouts

Carrots (topped)

Cauliflower

Celery

Asparagus (vertical)

Broccoli

Brussels sprouts

Carrots (topped)

Cauliflower

Celery

Endive

Green onions

Lettuce

Parsley

Spinach

Sweet corn

Endive

Green onions

Lettuce

Parsley

Spinach

Sweet corn



Handling athome or

foodserviceoutlet

Handling athome or

foodserviceoutlet




storage area



refrigerated trucks





storage area



refrigerated trucks







maintaining the cold chain

Documents