main idea 1: the physical features of northern europe include low mountain ranges and jagged...
TRANSCRIPT
Main Idea 1:The physical features of Northern Europe
include low mountain ranges and jagged coastlines.
• Two regions make up Northern Europe.– British Isles-The United Kingdom and Ireland
– Scandinavia— Norway Sweden and Finland. Denmark and Iceland.
Physical Features
Hills and Mountains
• Rocky soil and uneven terrain make farming difficult.
• Fewer people live there.
Farmland and Plains
• Southern parts of British Isles and Scandinavia.
• Ireland’s hills provide rich farmland.
Effects of Glaciers
• Jagged coastlines cut by glaciers
• Fjords, narrow inlets of the sea set between high, rocky cliffs, formed as glaciers melted.
Main Idea 2:Northern Europe’s natural resources include
energy sources, soils, and seas.
• timber-producing forests in the Scandinavian peninsula.
• rich farmland.
• sheep and dairy cattle are common.
Energy
• Oil and natural gas in the North Sea
• Hydroelectric energy
• Geothermal energy, or energy from the heat of Earth’s interior
ForestsandSoils
• Fishing is key industry in Norway, Denmark, and Iceland.Seasand
Oceans
Main Idea 3: The climates of Northern Europe range from
a mild coastal climate to a freezing ice cap climate.
• North Atlantic Drift, an ocean current that brings warm, moist air across the Atlantic Ocean.
• Much of Northern Europe has wet and mild climate.
– Denmark, the British Isles
• Far north are colder climates.
– Northern Scandinavia has a subarctic climate.
– tundra and ice cap climates.
Main Idea 1:British Isles Today.
• Two independent countries make up the British Isles.
– Republic of Ireland
– United Kingdom, which is a union of four small countries
• England
• Scotland
• Wales
• Northern Ireland
Main Idea 2:British culture, such as government and music, has influenced much of the world.
• United Kingdom
– Constitutional monarchy—a democracy in which a king or queen serves as a leader but a legislature makes laws
- Prime minister leads British government.
- Britain’s Parliament Makes its laws.
• Republic of Ireland
– President as head of state
– Prime minister, appointed by the president, runs the government with the Irish parliament.
Main Idea 2: Scandinavia today is known for its peaceful
and prosperous countries.
• Today, the countries of Scandinavia have much in common– Similar political views, languages, and religion
– strong economies, and well-educated workers
– Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Norway, are peaceful, stable, and prosperous nations.
Scandinavia TodaySweden
• Largest and most populous Scandinavian country
• More than 80 percent live in urban areas
• Stockholm, capital and largest city, is built on 14 islands and part of the mainland.
• Sweden has been a neutral country for more than 200 years, meaning that it has chosen not to take sides in international conflicts.
Denmark• Smallest
Scandinavian country and most densely populated
• About 50 percent of land is used for farming.
• Farm goods are important exports.
• Modern industries, such as iron and electronics, are important as well.
Scandinavia Today, continuedNorway
• One of the longest coastlines in the world
• Fjords shelter Norway’s many harbors.
• Oslo, capital city, is the country’s leading seaport and industrial center.
• Highest per capita GDP in Scandinavia
• North Sea provides valuable oil and natural gas resources.
• Refused to join the European Union
Finland• Easternmost
Scandinavian country, between Sweden and Russia
• Helsinki is the capital and the largest city.
• Trade is important.
• Paper and forest products are important exports.
• Shipbuilding and electronics are important industries.
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