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VALLEY VIEW UNIVERSITY-TECHIMAN CAMPUS
RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON :COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON THE RETURNS ON CABBAGE PRODUCTION UNDER ORGANIC AND
INORGANIC FERTILIZER APPLICATION.“A CASE STUDY AT VVU TECHIMAN CAMPUS”
BYAGYEMANG OSEI MARGARET
(AGRIBUSINESS DEPARTMENT)
* INTRODUCTION* AIMS AND OBJECTIVES* LITERATURE REVIEW* METHODOLOGY* EXPECTED OUTCOME* RECOMMENDATION * CONCLUSION
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
CABBAGE
*Cabbage(Brassica oleracea) is a leafy green crop with a short, thicken stem surrounding by a series of overlapping expended leaves which form a compact head.
*Cabbage are grown as annual vegetable for it dense and leafy head, it has traditionally been used for medicinal properties as well as for food.
*There several varieties of cabbage which includes stone head , earlina, two seasons etc.
*The cultivation of cabbage required properly supply of plant nutrients. The requirements of these plants nutrients can be provided by applying inorganic ,organic or both fertilizer combination.
* It is an establish fact that the use of inorganic fertilizer for cabbage production is not good for heath because of the residual effect and also its quite expensive to obtain the fertilizer but for the case of organic fertilizer such problem doesn’t arises and on the other hand increases productivity of the soil as well as crop yield[Tindal 2000].
INTRODUCTION
*However ,farmers are now showing interest in organic fertilizer rather than inorganic fertilizer because, they are more aware about the residual effect of the chemical substances used on the field and environmental degradation.
* Growth of cabbage under organic, inorganicAnd both fertilizer application will be compared.
INTRODUCTION
*The problem of the study is to examine the reasons why farmers are now changing form inorganic fertilizer to organic fertilizer , and to analysis the returns on various fertilizer applications on cabbage production
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
MAIN AND OBJECTIVES
MAIN OBJECTIVE*To evaluate the cost and returns associated with the use of organic and inorganic fertilizer application on cabbage production
SPECFIC OBJECTIVE*To identify the inputs used in the production of cabbage.
*To determine the cost associated with cabbage production.
*To estimate the returns obtained from cabbage production per acre of land.*To evaluate the different in net returns under organic and inorganic fertilizer application on cabbage production.
OBJECTIVES
*Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) is believed to have originated from Western Europe and was first Cole crop to be cultivated(Silva 1986).*Cabbage belongs to the Brassicacae family.
*There are three types of cabbage head namely, green , red and savoy being the superior(Peirce 1987).
*Cabbage has high nutritive value, supplying essential vitamins and protein ,carbohydrates and vital minerals(Norman,1992).
LITERATURE REVIEW
LITERATURE REVIEW
*Cabbage is a heavy nitrogen feeder(Tindall,1979) and therefore prefers deep fertile soil with PH 5.5-6.5(Askew 1992a)
*The best soil type for cabbage production is the sandy loam soil or moisture-retaining soil.
LITERATURE REVIEW
IMPORTANCE *Serves as a source of food, which supply the body with vitamins.*It helps to prevent obesity, heart disease and constipation.*Serves as source of employment to people.*Generation of income.
LITERATURE REVIEW
PEST OF CABBAGE*Cabbage Aphids*Cabbage web worm*Caterpillars of diamond back moth
DISEASES OF CABBAGE *White rust*Black leg disease
LITERATURE REVIEW
LITERATURE REVIEW
DISEASES AND PEST
CABBAGE
CABBAGE
*MATERIALS NEEDED.
For successful production of cabbage, the following materials will be obtained.
*Land for the production*cabbage Seeds( Earlina )*Inorganic fertilizers(N.P.K 15-15-15)*Organic fertilizers(Poultry dropping's)*Irrigation systems*Weedicides and pesticides*Knapsack sprayer*Nursery bags(7 by 9)
MATERIALS AND METHOD
Three treatments will be useThey are as follows;
*T1 –organic fertilizer*T2 –inorganic fertilizer*T3 – combination of both organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizers
The one variety to be used are as follows;*V1-Earlina
METHODOLOGY
TREATMENTS*One variety will be used with 3 treatments and 3 replications under the randomized complete Block Design.*The treatment will be V1T1,V1T2,V1T3.
METHODOLOGY
V1T1-Earlina with organic fertilizer. V1T2-Earlina with inorganic fertilizer. V1T3-Earlina with both organic and inorganic fertilizer.
METHODOLOGY
FIELD LAYOUT
METHODOLOGY
V1T1 V1T2 V1T3
V1T2 V1T3 V1T1V1T3 V1T1 V1T2
DATA ANALYSIS The data collected from the various plots will be analyzed using the analysis of variance(ANOVA)
METHODOLOGY
SOURCES OF VARATION
DEGREE OF FREEDOM (df)
TOTAL 9
TREATMENT 3
REPLICATION 3
ERROR 3
DATA ANALYSISIncome statement analysis, will be use to evaluate the difference in net returns on various fertilizer application on the cabbage production.
METHODOLOGY
NURSERY*Nursery bags will be use for the nursery of the cabbage seeds. The nursery bags will be filled with top soil. *Two seeds will be drop into each nursery bag.
*When the seedlings emerge and are about 2.5cm tall, thinning out will be done, keeping the healthiest looking seedling.
*The cabbage seedlings will be ready for transplanting when they are about 7cm tall.
METHODOLOGY
LAND PREPARATION*The land would be cleared three weeks before transplanting and the ground must be ploughed deeply, immediately before planting
METHODOLOGY
PLANTING*Transplanting space will be 50cm between rows and 40cm within rows because of it large headed cultivars.
METHODOLOGY
WEEDING
*The purpose of the weeding is to control weeds that compete with the cabbage for nutrient and prevent the spread of diseases and pests attack
METHODOLOGY
FERTILIZATION Three forms of fertilizers that will be applied to the cabbage production are the organic, inorganic and both organic and inorganic fertilizer.
*Inorganic fertilizer(NPK15,15,15 )applied at 120kg/a.
*Organic fertilizer (poultry droppings),1t/a of processed poultry manure, as sole source of nutrients for cabbage production
METHODOLOGY
IRRIGATION*Cabbage requires a lot of water especially at the nursery stage.* Watering will be done frequently for the plant to obtained adequate water for growth.
METHODOLOGY
DATA TO BE COLLECTED*Cost of seeds*Date of nursery*Date of emergence*Date of transplanting*Plant height*Color of the fruit*Date of harvesting*Weight of the fruit*Cost of fertilizer*Cost of nursery bags
MATERIALS AND METHOD
ACTIVITIES OCTOBER
NOVEMBER
DECEMBER
JANUARY
FEBRUARY
MARCH
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
LAND PREPARATION
NURSING
TRANSPLANTING
CULTURAL PRATICES
HARVESTING
LITERATURE REVIEW
DATA COLLECTION
DATA ANALYSIS
REPORT WRITING
RESEARCH SCHEDULE
*It is expected that, inorganic produce cabbage will yield more and have higher returns than organic produce cabbage.
EXPECTED OUTCOME
CONCLUSIONThe expected results from the project is foreseen to help improve the production trend of cabbage in Ghana.
CONCLUSION
THANK YOU
THE END