MACRO-LEVEL CONFLICT

“SRI LANKAN CIVIL WAR”

MACRO-LEVEL CONFLICT?

Involves two or more groups, organizations.

Occurs in societal level. It focuses more upon social structure, social processes,

problems and also their interrelationships.

Conflict due to gender differences, ideological differences, class struggle etc.

EXAMPLES OF MACRO LEVEL CONFLICT1. The battle between North Korea

and South Korea. ( 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953 )

it is the result of the political division of Korea .

The failure to hold free elections throughout the Korean peninsular in 1948 deepen the division between two sides.

The situation escalated into open warfare when North Korea invaded South Korea on 25 June 1950.

2. The Malaysian drug muler who is proved to be guilty and will be sentenced to death in Singapore.

Dinesh Pillai Raja Retnam was handed penalty in the High Court.

Malaysian foreign minister had considered in with a letter to plead for clemency.

But not accepted and the man was hanged to death.

THE ORIGIN OF SRI LANKAN CIVIL WARDuring the colonial period many

Sri Lankan Tamils, particularly those from the Jaffna peninsula, took advantage of educational facilities established by missionaries and the British policy of divide and rule which placed minorities in positions of power in colonies, and soon dominated the civil service and other professions.

When Sri Lanka became independent in

1948, a majority of government jobs were

held by Tamils, who were a minority of the

country's population.

The elected leaders saw this as the result

of a British strategy to control the majority

 Sinhalese, and deemed it a situation that

needed correction as they scared that

they will live as a slave to Tamil minority.

In 1958 the Tamil political leadership acquiesced to a formula of Sinhala as the official language, but with the 'reasonable use of Tamil‘

Only the Left parties opposed this, holding out for parity of status between the two languages.

However, after the Tamil people gave an overwhelming mandate to the

Tamil ethnic Federal party, which had agreed to a subordinate status for

the Tamil language, the Left parties eventually abandoned parity of

status.

Causes

* Education* Disagreement between the Sinhalese and Tamil ethnic communities.* Denial of citizenship to estate Tamils.* Declaration of the “Sinhala only Act” language policy.

Effects* Rebel Liberation of Tamil Eelam organization started.* Sri Lankan government reestablishes control over entire island.* Tamil National Alliance drops the demand for a separate state.* Significant hardships for the population, environment and the economy of the country, with an estimated 80,000–100,000 people killed during its course. (Sri Lanka)

* Sri Lankan armed forces adopted widespread rape and indiscriminate killings of civilians as reprisal attacks on Tamil population.* These uncontrolled reprisal attacks gave rise to terrorism on the part of LTTE to control the Sri Lankan armed forces' rapes and indiscriminate killings.

* Importing Tamil-language films, books, magazines, journals, etc. from the cultural hub of Tamil Nadu, India was banned. * Rise of separatism (Sinhalese & Tamil) – children cannot study in the same school.

Thank You….