“the theory that multi-agent systems of various kinds – from flocks of birds and shoals of fish to neural networks, software programmes and even cities themselves – all begin to display similar forms of behaviour.”

Neal Leach

[swarm] intelligence

Application of software programs to generate urban design according to the logic of

‘swarm intelligence’

Compressed Complexity, by Peter Mitterer and Matthias Moroder (Studio Hadid)

the [carv]ing of space

un[spoken] communication

[person]al zones

di[stance] in man

[Personal ] Distance

close: 1.5’ – 2.5’ [couples] far: 2.5’ – 4.0’ [encounters/transactions]

[Social] Distance

close: 4’ – 7 ‘ [impersonal business] far: 7’ – 12’ [formal business]

[Public] Distanceclose: 12’ – 25’ [outside circle of involvement] far: 25’ + [public distance ]

coin [map]ing

[time] lapse

[fractal]

[frāk'təl] n. A geometric pattern that is repeated at ever smaller scales to produce irregular shapes and surfaces that cannot be represented by classical geometry.

Fractals are used especially in computer modeling of irregular patterns and structures in nature.

[in] nature

[generate]d

[goal]

To link mathematics with parameters of social distance to create a formula

for generating interior space.

If we can place [attractors] and apply the appropriate formula we can begin to generate an idea of how

people will traverse the space and design accordingly.

[attract]or

An attractor is a set to which a dynamical system evolves after a long enough time.

[observ]ation

[grass]hopper

**formula compiled with assistance from www.co-de-it.com/wordpress/code/grasshopper-codeformula

[Emergence]

“a shift in understanding from a low-level rules to higher-level sophistication”

Neil Leach

Constantly mutating, emergent systems are intelligent ones, based on interaction, informational feedback loops, pattern

recognition and indirect control.

build the [void]

research [on]going