J>EJIAPYCKA~ CEJIbCKAfACnAJl.ApqA~ AKAJl.3MJ~_e_AJl.Jl.3EJI KYJIbTYPbl fOPAUKAfA PAABblKAHKAMA_e_

fOPAUKI fICTAPbJlIHA-3HTAfPAct)IQHbl MY3ER

.D.a 100-ro)l.)l.3SJ 3 )l.HSJHapa)l.>K3HHSJM. I. r AP3UKAr A

fAP3UKiSl 4blTAHHiT33ICbl.D.AKJlA.D.AY I nABEJl.AMJIEHHSll'

(r. I'opxi, 17-19 JIIOTara 1993 r.)

Fopxi 1993

РЕПОЗИТОРИЙ БГ

ПУ

T. M. TAPACABA(r. MiHCK)

CICT3MA «CJ10BA AYTAPA - CJ10BA fEP051»I HAPA)l)K3H H F. HOBblX )l(AHPABbIX <t>OPM

Y TBOPlJACUI M. fAP3UKAfA

Ha TOK -rac, xa.ni M.. I'apauxi rrpblKwoy Y Jli1'apaTYPY, Y ra-rriae npoau Y)](O np auanani 5I. KOJ).3.c, ill. )I,LLBiriH, 3. 551,LLYMI.He 3aCTaBaJl3C5I na-sa YBaraH npaaaiunas Cr:.3.,LLYbIHa<P. 5ary-W3BiYa. D3YHbl nir ap arypuu aonsrr Y)](O 6blY naaanauianu, anenpaU3c cTaHaYJleHHR i pU3BiuUR GeJlapycKaH np03~ 3acTaBaycRCKJI3)l,aHbl'M. H.:1 rias arky .nirapa rypa atianipanacn nepaaaacuana MacTaUKi soriu-r <j:JaJILKJlOPY. [iCTapbILJHbl51 YMOBbl pa3BiuI(51nauui BblMYIU3Jli !laYblll(1JlbHiKay 6eJlapycI(al1 nposu 6ep,1tKJli-B3 nepaaocius BO!lhIT aapozuraa I[P03bl, Re CTbIJliCTblKY, CKa3aBbIJ£a,LLY nparpeciiinyro TBOpya'CUb. TblM He MeHbW <j:JaJIbKJlOlp He:{'5IY,1l5lYC51Hen3Cp3JlI-Ja~1 aCHOBa~1 .nirapa rypuar-a paaai uux, sroYrr.IJbIY 3,LL6blBaYC5I y CXilF.3.HbIX rtnacrax, acao.niaa y p acnp auoy-I~bl rra31bIYHaH MOBbl i >KSHpaBbIX <j:JOpM.Yce CTblJ1eBbl 51, »caupa-Bhl51 spyxi Y .niraparypu TaK ui in axur 3'BR3aHbI 3 dCT3MaH aYTa-pa i repos. TaMY pasniuue )](aHpay Y rsopuacui M. I'apsincar aMhl npaananisyea nepui 2.3. yce npas np stavy CiCT3Mbl ayr apa 1repos.

Y nepun.ix rsopax lvL I'apsuxar-a «nOReCTBOBaHl1e» 6bl.I1Oa'apueuraaana nepaaaxcna Ha BYCHae HapO,LLHae arraB5I,LLaIIHC,TaKiM lfbIHa'M<j:JaJlhKJIOpHbI ynJlhly a,LL16iyc51'Ha rpopuax naoy-;'I,OBbl 3naB5I,LL3JlhHaCui, I.ETO BbIKJliK3.1a rr3YHhl ThlIl anuocin na-Iviil!\ ayrapaa i r-epoev i CBOH npsrnusm a pr-an iaausri anaaana.ns-uacui. Y paIHH51H npose nicswenu ika repon na cyrnacui anisa-euua 3 ayr apav, eH sucrynae LJacuei-i aa )ice $I axacui pynapyaYTapCldx i,LL3H, xaU51 y rnopax Mbl 6aYhI'M i H3'51yHacUh UY,LLoy-HbIX lIap0,LLHbIX ,LLbI5I.JJOraY,i aaao.nl CTaJIYIO aYTapCKYIO MOBY.)laCJIe,LLlJhlKi raopuacui M. I'apsuxar a Hea,LLHapa30Ba ansnaua.n iHa51YHaCUb aCBeTHiUKix MaThlBay, aCBeTHiUKaH cxipananacui yanaB51A3HH51X «PYHh», «PO,LLHae xapsane», «Y JIa3Hi». Ix rrepca-l!a)Khl rra B5IJIiKiM paxYHKY - HOCh6iThI ayrapcxix ill,3I1:. Thl51nsrranni, IDTO sanarous ca6e repci - rara, rra CYTH,1iCUi, ayrap-cKi51 nuraani. AYTapcKae, acoriacnae aC3HCo3.BaHHe)l{hIUU51 Y3BbI-urae CThIJIb, nanae nponasenaaa MapaJli33.TapCKi narpac.

123

РЕПОЗИТОРИЙ БГ

ПУ

A.TIe M. I'apsmci XYTKa a,nMa~JI5leuua an T3.KOra npsnutunynacynoau soop aaay reposy. BH.n.YIIYIO pOJIIO nicsxennix ann aeap.3B5I.n.aJibHiKY, naMiH( iM i ayrapav Y}KO a,nIIYBaeuua .n.bICTaH-I~WI. M. I'ap su«i BeJIbMi 4aCTa BblKapblCTOYBay B06pa3 anans-n a.n.aixa, npayua, >lro CTpYKTYP3 Ha P03HblX sranax ycei1 TBOp-n acui 3H34H,a MeIl5lJIaCH. Ha paHHiM srarre anaaan ansuixy ail-senaena usu rp am.nae MeCU3 Y TBOPbI. Ell nanriapanxoynae ca6e)'(,10 CiCBMY lpaKTay i J-IaBaT MOBY repos. CJIOBa repos He Maeca aacrouuacui, Hi .nexci-nraji, Hi CiH!TaKCiLfH3H (anaaan. «PYHb»).Fiacryrroaa POJIH anaaanaasn ixa MHHHeuua, yce xacueft anaaa-/i.a.nbHiI< sucrynae Y po.ni caenxi, eH He nanriapanxoyaae ca6eMOBY repos, xon sro pa3Ba}KaHIIHY (Ha srane): I'epof na s sneae)hblUb caMaCTOHHblM )!(bluueM. f313H 3'HBa xapaxrspna ,nJIH yceH6c.~apycKai1 nposu. Jli'raparypa iWJIa rra WJIHXY apuen rauuiI1a repos, nse raJIoYHbIM cpozucav CTB3p3HHH B06pa3a CJIY)!(blJIi)l\bIBa51 MOBa, .n.bI5lJiariLJH351 crpyxrypa anaaa.aaxsnacui. naMi}Krepoeu i .3naB5I.n.aJIbH,iKilM CI(JIa.n.BaYc5I acoriu TblTI annocia, 51Kixapaxrapuayeuua TbIM, Ka6 BbIKJIiKaUb repos Ha WLJbIPYIO paa-MOBY, (jO:TbUJ nOY'Ha i 6001bW r JIbI601<a ausnius sro navyuui i;JyMI<i. I'epon 51K 6b! BbI3'BaJT5Ieuua an ayrapcxaj; npstcyruacui,(,H caMaBbl5J~'}I51eUI\a, I sr a a.n.6iJlac5J Ha CTpyI<TYPbl anaannans-r.-icui, .n.3C' y cjwpl'vie anaB5I.n.aHH5I ]\·Ibl MaeM paawony-cnp suxy,pa3MOBY-P03.n.YM 3 HOBblM r u na u r epon - Jlipbl4HblM repoev.~ CTblJIeBblX Ka,I'JiCTpYiKUbl51Xnanseua caationa caMaBbl5lYJIeHH10repoa.

1 bY'HWI ,naC5IrIIPiIHi [(lp3LJ.I~1ra rlK ayrapa anaB5I,naHH5IY Yriaoynoue noripasa report, aro Y3aeMa.n.3e5lHH51 y cicrsue «ay-l<.lp-repOrl» :16YMOBiJIi apr-aui-m acm, nepaxony ura 6YHI+bIX».aupanux cj:Jop]\ol- t~a anoaecueji «MeJIaHXOJIi5l», «Llixasn.ruui,», .n.pa]\'.3Tbl3aBaHati anosecui «AHTOH», uisp ar-y npawa-Tb!LIHbIX a6pa3f<OY'. npa~1aTbI3aBaHa51 anosecus «AHTOHI» (1914)- CnaJIYlf3HHe .n.B)'X )IC.lllpaY - .n.r.3Mb! i anoaecui 3 rtep aaar aitj\paMaTblLJHara »caupy, AJie npbTKMeTbl anosecui y TBOPbl TaK-cava 3WllfHblfI - B5IJIiI<a51 y.n.3eJIbHa51 aara ayrapcxar a ana an-)~aHHH y BbII'Ml.n.3C pasropnyrux psvapxay, snirparpay 3 Bary-UI:JsiLJC1,Kyna nu, Jl. TaJICTOra, npble~:':1Y ynyrpanar a MaHaJIOry,I1.'lbIHi CB5I.n.OMacui repcs. Hanpsncasuu Y TKaHiHY rsopa YBO-naiuua Ba)KHbl .n.J!51nicswennixa nepcanaxc - «6eJIapYCKi ay-Tap». )lJI5I LJblTaIIa eH, aTa51CaMJIiBaeUl!,3 3 caMiM M. I'apsuxia.f.3Ta51 LJaCTI<a 'I sopa Mae Bblr.rIH.n. ac06HaU3 nparpaanara MaHi-qiecra pa3BiUU51 6eJIapYCKai1 .niraparypsr, nOrJI5I.n.;ly Ha 6eJIapyc-icyro HaUbIIO, 51e 6y.n.YIIbIHIO i r-icrapsrsnae MiHYJIae. B5I.n.oMa, TyTecus n3YHa51 .n.3KJIapaUblHHacUb i aocrp axrnacus, n3YHbI5I Mac-TaUKi51 crparsr, 60 ayrapcxas .n.YMKa YBo.n.3iuua Y TBOP na-aa xa-paxrapav i.

Hense na C5IP3,n3iHbl 20-x ra.n.oy CJIOBY repos Ha.n.aBaJIaC51

124

РЕПОЗИТОРИЙ БГ

ПУ

uepanara, nOTblM ~!HO cacryrrae MeClLa Tpa,LlbIUblI"IHaI"1 ana sanans-Hai;j MaHepbl HaLf3J1e 3 «BCeBe.ll.YLUHM» ayrapa a. TYT n3Yllbl an-6iTaK Ha npa6JleMY r epos i ayrapa HaKJla,UBalOUb a6'eKTb1YllblH:l6CraBiHbl 1I.1CY. Cy6'ehTbIYI1aCUh MaCTaUI<ara 6.'1LfallHH CBCTY:iHaLflla tpaucrpap aaaanacs nan YIIJlblBaM BH,UOMbJXricrapuvuuxna.rsef na-r. XX CTarO'u.J.3H. Y3HiKwaH HO",3H ,U3HplJ<aYHaCUbnarpariaaana HOBb!X cru.reaux cj:JOPM, i Y n-:~PWYJOxaprv Y3HiK-Jla narp soa y TaJ< 3BaHblM «aYTapbIT3THbIM CTbTJ1i» (M. Baxuiu ).CJ<a3aBaH rlJ0pv a, ,U3e nep asara aMa~3J1aCH «Lfy/KOMY C.~OBY»,CJ10BY repon, nacrynona MHH5Ieuua y 60J< Kllill<Jla-anaB51,UaJlbHaflMOl:lbJ 3 «Bcese,UYUU1M» ayrapa«. r3TbJH 3MeHbl He 6blJ1i npocru-Mi i a).l.lIa3H1alIHbJMi. Fpa vancxin YMOBbl BbIMyw,<).ni MIIorix Mi:l-craI\oj' nan na pauxoyaanus i.ll.3J1HbJM MepJ{aB<-1HIJHM tJ.3cyncpaKcaaiv 3CT3Tbl'lHbIM YHyJ1C;HHHM. UiJ{ClSa, WTO CycBcTHaH ni mpa-rypa ~' r arsr 'lac, Mbl Ma·2M Ha YBa3e nepw aa )ice aaxonueeypa-neucxyio, iase iHLUblM WJ1HY.3M - UlJ151XaM a).l.MaYJ1eHHH (noy-Hara a~b60 LfaCThOBara) naHaBaHHH aYTapa Ha,U repoeM.

P.:-lMaH «BiJ1elKKiH J<aMYHapb!» nicayca Y CJ{Jla,UaHbJ -iac,M. I'ap suxi aMailb uaJ1J<aM nepan aaepsry YJ1aCHbl51 'uYMKi, pas-aax.auni, CYMHelllli an3BH.LI.:lJlbHiJ(Y. HKi a,UJla4aCOBa 3'HYJ1H uuar3J10YHblM repoev pav aua. Flpas sro CBeTanOrJJ5J}l n ici.acuu i«np anonaius yce rianaei, pa3MOBbJ. CB51}lOMaCUb repoa-a rvusn-n.a.1bHiKa BhICBC4Bae TOJ1bld Toe, WTO 51MY 6JJi3J<a, Y lJblM eH iM.UleUJLa pasaopauua. Pav.au «(Bi.'leHCKi51 I<3MYHapbl» - r ara, nacyruacni, BH.'IiKi MaHa.~or repon-anaaana.nsnhca, nse ,UbIHJIOriinuiux nepcaaancay IJ.1J1J<aMnannapanxauanu MOB'~ ana aan ans-nixa. AJ1e M. I'apauxi 51K a)rTap He MO)!{a 3yciM caMaYxiJ1iuua.llp s; YBa)]{J1inbIM npavsrrauni pavaua MO)!(Ha y6aljbIlLb, WTOcrpyxrypa MOBbI repos nannapanxaaaua TbIM IJ{a .'1eKcilJ)lbIM,CiHT.3KCi4HbIM, ps: fMi4Hb!M 33KaHaMepHaCU5IM, IlITO i aYTapCJ<351MOBa. A 4acaM r:3TbI5I Me)!{bI 3yciM pa3MbITbIH. 51W43 60JIbW BbI-pa3Ha Ha6J1i)!(3HHe aYTapcKaA MOBW i MOBW repo51 BW5IYJ1Heuua~. 3Q'.1pbICTbI4.HbIX KaHcTpYJ<UbI5IX. Ix BeJ1bMi MHor3 y TBOPbI, Yix a}lJ1l0CTpaBaHbI HlacTpofl, cj:Ji.nacocj:JiH repos. AYTapcKi51 adia-pbI3MbI i acj:JapbI3MbI repos - r ara yce )K TaH r1~lrapCKaH aU3H-tea rra}l3eA )!(bIUUH, cj:JiJ1acocj:JcJ<iHa6arYJ1bW~HHi. 51I< 6bl M. fa-P3UKi CB5I}lOMa He x.ilBay CJ10Ba ayrapa, Ha ca MalI cnpase Hila,;;.aMiHye i nannap anxoyaae CJ10Ba repos cna ia CTpyKTypHblM 3a-l<OHlaM.

M. Fa psuxi nl< MaCT'3J< He Mor nannap anxaaaiu, cnoe IJOV-uacuio i}l3aJlari4HblM YCTclHOYJ<aM rare 'lacy. «AYTapblT3TlJbJ;>,(:Hei1Tpa':lbHhl» CTbIJlb lIa43J1e 3 «BCel3e}lYIUI1M» 3~'TapaM HC MOl'3a}laBOjliUb niCbMCHlHiKa, i eH na6Y}laBay 3}lHOciHbJ ayrapa i J'C-p051 6bIUIl.3M Obl WJ151XaM ca'MaYxiJIeHH5I... 3YC1M Ha iHlllaA aCH?Be 6Y}lYlouua anuociuu a)'rTapa i rcpony ,LlaKYMcHTaJ1hHbIX aarucxax «Ha iMrrepb15IJlicTbI4Pt31I BaiiHc».

125

РЕПОЗИТОРИЙ БГ

ПУ

Y sanicxax ayrap iuae an rpaxra .n.a Cfl.3.CIJ,i)!(311HHYHYTpaHaraC3HCY lfwKTa BaHHbl, Y 51IdM MaCraK pacxpsmae CXaBaHYIO 3H3p-r iro r icnapu-mux, cpLrlacocpcldx, ucixanariuuux a6arYJlbHr€HI-lHY.Ane 5' ,J.aKYMeHTaJlbHbIM TBOPbl, HK i $I MaCTaIJ,KiM, M. FapauxiHe nepacanacsae raronu xapaxrap, eH xro 6y.n.ye. Ha np ausry)'C51rO TSOr.3 Mbl 6a4blM CIOlK3THYIO naoynony B06pa3a. AYTapam.p srra i uacroanisa npucyrni-iae $I BKCIJ,e. EH! aKTbIYHaYA3eJlbHi4ae :~ITSOPbI, csaeii a.n.l<pblTali MOBaH aa aspuvie pasnae-.1hl, 6bIIJ,l.(aM 6bI p06iIJ,b P331OM3, nana aar-ae .n.YlV,3.IJ,braJIOYHaMYreporo, a.ne He na.n.MHHHe sro. Y TBOPbI HYHa ryxauj, n aa ranacu- ro.n ac aYTa6i5lrpacp14Hara nepcauaaca i ro.nac ayrap a, aneHH'bl He ry-iaus naacooxy. Y aanicxax aaxoysaeuua srpexr antra-«acoaacui IIpa'MaYJIeHHH .n.3elO'-Ia~1acoriu i ,3.YTapa, y TBOPbl Hn-Ma iep apx i-ruar-a nannapanxaaauus \3.YTapa i nepcauaaca. I'sraHK pas TOH sunanax, xa.n i «ro.nac nepc an axca YBaxo.n.3il.(b Yanaaan ansuacus, cTaHOBiIJ,l.(a cj)YHl<l.(bIHHlaJlbHa ca ayr apcxia, aro.nac ayr apa Yl(JlI04aeIJ,IJ,a y .n.bIH'lMiKY .n.3eHHHH, yaaxcnaiut, Yan ny nJIOCKaCl.(b 3 ro.nacaa nepcaua aca» ', y BbII-liKY inae CYM'2C-uae .3naSH.n.aHH1eayr apa i nepcanaxca.

M. Tap sinci flJleHI-Ia npaua aay Y P031-lbIX »caupa x i 3aKJla.n.saYrpu aa.nu na.n.MypaK p.33sil.(l.(H »ca apaaa paanacraiutaf 6eJlapyc-Kaii npoau - "P03bl r icrap uvuaa, Jlipbl'-lHalI, diinacorpcxaa, ea-l.(bIHJlbHa-6bITaBora p3MaHa i .n.aKYMeIlTaJlbHbIX }1<aHpay. Y KOII<-HaH 3 r3TbIX cjJOPM I'apauxi crsapay lKbIl.(l.(eBanaYl-laKpOYHbln,nci XaJIa r isua-ncpa K'l'HaJIbllbI 51 B06pa3 bl reposy, 11a,Ua.n.3CHbIH $Ip aaaiuui, y npausce CTaHaYJleHHH. Bonur I'ap suxara y ra.ninc~aCTal.(KaH npoau sacnyroynae caMaH niJlbHlaH ysar i 3 60KY na-c.nen '-I bmay.РЕПОЗИТОРИЙ БГ

ПУ