lyophilized beer: a banquet of bioactive compounds for human health jairam vanamala, ph.d. assistant...
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Lyophilized Beer: A Banquet of Bioactive Compounds for Human Health
Jairam Vanamala, Ph.D.
Assistant ProfessorDept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition
Colorado State University
Ancient Wisdom – Beer & Health
• Mouthwash
• Treatment of wounds
• Enema
• Sanitation
http://philly.thedrinknation.com/articles/read/5586-Ancient-Egyptians-First-Medicinal-Use-of-Beer-#
What is in the Beer
• Ethanol
• Bioactive compounds– Malt – derived– Hop - derived
Beer - Protection Against Mortality
• 10.14 oz. or 0.3 L/day - reduces mortality for all causes of death
• Moderate beer consumption - Beneficial
European Journal of Cancer 41(13), 2005
Beer – Bioactive Compounds
• Malt-derived compounds
– Benzoic acid derivatives
– Cinnamic acid derivatives
– Catechins
– Proanthocyanidins
– Flavones
Biological Activities
Anti-oxidant Anti-microbial Anti-viral Anti-proliferative Anti-platelet Anti-hyperlipidemic Anti-hypersensitive Anti-allergenic
Anti-ulcerogenic Anti-neoplastic Anti-inflammatory Anti-atherogenic Anti-hepatotoxic Pro-apoptotic Vasodilator
Beer – Bioactive Compounds
• Hop-derived compounds– Alpha acids– Essential oils– Prenylflavonoids
• Xanthohumol
• Isoxanthohumol
• 8-prenylnarigenin
(I) Xanthohumol and (II) Isoxanthohumol
Xanthohumol and Isoxanthohumol
Xanthohumol
Is There a Synergy
Xanthohumol
+
Hop- and malt-derived bioactive compounds
How We Test it
• Colon cancer cells: HCT - 116
– Proliferation
– Apoptosis
Why Colon Cancer
World:
1,000,000
US: 1,50,000
80%
Advanced
2 yr survival
80% Diet
Related
Cell proliferation
Apoptosis
**
*
*
Xanthohumol & Isoxanthohumol – UPLC/MS/MS
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Isoxanthohumol
Xanthohumol
American IPAsAmerican IPAs
Ranger Prefiltered (RGP) • T-90 pellets and CO2 extract
Ranger Filtered (RGF) • DE filtration
IPA Prefiltered (OOP) • Dry hopped: 0.055 oz. for 0.3 L of beer
IPA Filtered (OOF) • DE filtration
Dark IPA Prefiltered (ODP) • 8.7% darker malts compared with OOP/OOF
Dark IPA Filtered (ODF) • DE filtration
Zenith Original Recipe (ZOR) • 2 oz. pelleted Centennial hops – at the beginning
Zenith New Recipe (ZNR) • Dry hopped: 0.016 oz. per 0.3 L of beer
Punjabi Pale Ale (PPA) • Dry hopped: 0.014 oz. per 0.3 L of beer
German Beers
Paulaner Pils (PPI) • Pilsner malts and German hop varieties
Xanthohumol Content - IPAs
RGP RGF OOP OOF ODP ODF ZOR ZNR PPA PPI
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Xat
hohu
mol
(m
g/L)
Beer Type
c
d d d d
b
a a
Critical Steps to Increase Beneficial Compounds in Beer
• XAN Technology
– Process
– Ingredients
• XN-Enriched
Hop Products
• Roasted Malts
Xan Technology Summary Mol Nutr Food Res 49(9): 874-881
Addition of Roasted Malts - Xanthohumol
8.7% Darker Malts
9.94
25 %b
a
ZOR ZNR0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30X
atho
hum
ol (
mg/
L)
b
a
Xanthohumol - Dry Hopping
66 %
RGP RGF OOP OOF ODP ODF0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Xat
hohu
mol
(m
g/L)
a a
b
c
d e
Xanthohumol - DE filtration
34.3%
11.1%
.5%
8.7% Darker Malts
Correlation Between Apoptosis & XN
Pearson Correlation
Apoptosis
800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400
Xan
thoh
umol
mg/
L
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
R2 =0.97P = 0.0001
Future Opportunities
• Lyophilized Beer
– Breads
– Soups
– Ice creams
– Protein Bars
– Milk Shakes
Acknowledgements
• Twila Henley
• Lavanya Reddivari
• Jack Avens
• Marissa Bunning
• Martha Stone
• Jeff Miller
• Breweries– Odell– New Belgium– Equinox– CopperSmith
Thank You
• Dry hopping: improve sensory characteristics and bioactive content. – Lyophilized beers
• Xan Wellness
& Xan Tea
• Future development of XN-enriched products could utilize the dry hopping technique.
Future DirectionFuture Direction
RGP RGF OOP OOF ODP ODF ZOR ZNR PPA PPI
Tro
lox
Equ
iva
len
t A
ntio
xid
an
t C
ap
aci
ty (
mg/
L)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
aa a ab
abcabc abcd
bcdcd
d
IPAs - Antioxidant Capacity
RGP RGF OOP OOF ODP ODF ZOR ZNR PPA PPI
Gal
ic A
cid
Equ
ival
ent (
mg/
L)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
RGP RGF OOP OOF ODP ODF ZOR ZNR PPA PPI
Gal
ic A
cid
Equ
ival
ent (
mg/
L)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
IPAs - Phenolic Compounds
Compared to PilsnersIPAs contain:•more hops • > variation in malts
Roasted malts could lessen removal of
phenolic compounds
a abab
bcc
cdcddd
e