lupine and canola protein concentrate in fish...
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Lupine and Canola Protein Concentrate in Fish Feed:
A comparative assessment of the techno-functional properties using a shear cell
device and an extruder
Dr Vukašin Draganović
XVI International Symposium Feed Technology
Background information
2
Aquaculture: This research:
Alternatives for the proteins in fish feed
Must identifies alternatives to fish meal and fish oil
Fish meal and fish oil are traditional sources of protein and energy in fish feed
• To investigate the effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC), lupine protein
concentrate (LPC) and canola protein concentrate (CPC) on:
extruder SME,
feed moisture requirements and
physical properties of pellets
• Conclude on the usefulness of a pilot scale shearing cell device to
simulate extrusion
Objectives
Shear cell device
• A simple and a fast method for characterization of techno-functional
properties of raw materials
Shear cell trials
• 20 min of shearing at 50 rpm and 90 °C.
• The water content of the materials is 60%.
Raw materials
• Effects of feed ingredients on torque at 60% water content
• CPC showed high torque values; LPC resambles FM
Shear cell trials
Diet formulations
SPC-based 10% LPC 20% LPC 10% CPC 20% CPC FM-based
Formulation (%)
Wheat 7 7 7 7 7 7
Fababeans (dehulled) 7 7 7 7 7 7
Fishmeal 15 15 15 15 15 45
Soy protein concentrate 30 20 10 20 10 0
Lupine protein concentrate 0 10 20 0 0 0
Canola protein concentrate 0 0 0 10 20 0
Sunflower meal 3 3 3 3 3 3
Rapeseed oil 18 18 18 18 18 18
Fish oil 16,5 16,5 16,5 16,5 16,5 16,5
Mineral and vitamin mix 2,4 2,4 2,4 2,4 2,4 2,4
Water change 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1
Rapid visco analysis (meal mixes)
*Three replicates are shown for each diet
Clear differences
in viscosity.
Typically, more
water needs to be
added to the
process with a
higher viscosity of
the meal mix.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Time (min)
Vis
cosity c
P
FM based
200 g LPC kg-1
100 g LPC kg-1
Control
100 g CPC kg-1
200 g CPC kg-1
Extrusion trials: experimental setup
* 9 mm salmon feed
Diets
Added
moisture
(%)
SPC-
based
10%
LPC
20%
LPC
10%
CPC
20%
CPC
FM-
based
16 x x x x
22 x x x x x x
25 x x x x x x
29 x x x x x x
Specific mechanical energy
• SME (n=10) Minor differences in SME when
replacing SPC with CPC; lower
SME with LPC addition
SPC-based
Diet formulation Specific
density (g L-1)
Maximum oil
infusion (%) Sinking (%)
Fat leakage
(%)
DORIS
durability (%)
Holmen
durability (%)
29% feed moisture
SPC-based 729efg 53.1bcde 100.0b 7.7cd 93.8c 98.0bc
10% LPC 710bc 53.8cdef 100.0ab 5.8b 97.3cd 99.6e
20% LPC 684a 55.8fg 99.0ab 5.2ab 96.8cd 99.2e
10% CPC 746i 51.6bcd 100.0b 7.7cd 96.8cd 98.4cd
20% CPC 744hi 50.7b 100.0b 7.5c 98.6d 98.7d
FM-based 693a 57.3gh 100.0b 12.5h 70.3a 97.9b
25% feed moisture
SPC-based 706b 57.0gh 98.7ab 7.56c 96.9cd 98.7d
10% LPC 718cde 54.1def 98.7ab 5.3ab 95.8cd 99.7e
20% LPC 723def 50.7b 99.0ab 4.5a 97.0cd 99.5e
10% CPC 746i 51.4bc 100.0b 8.3cdef 98.0d 98.3bcd
20% CPC 729efg 53.1bcde 99.7b 7.9cde 97.0cd 98.3bcd
FM-based 717bcd 55.4efg 100.0b 10.5g 71.2a 98.5cd
22% feed moisture
SPC-based 777j 48.1a 100.0b 5.3ab 98.9d 98.2bcd
10% LPC 718cde 56.1fg 99.3ab 8.8def 98.1d 99.3e
20% LPC 694a 58.9h 97.7a 4.9ab 96.7cd 97.4a
10% CPC 739ghi 53.0bcde 100.0b 9.3f 97.2cd 98.1bc
20% CPC 727def 55.5efg 99.3ab 9.0ef 94.1c 98.6d
FM-based 734fgh 54.1def 100.0b 9.4fg 79.1b 98.1bc
MSE* 13.85 0.677 0.333 0.16 1.403 0.024
P value 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Technical properties of feeds (n=3)
All the feeds are good in
terms of these three
parameters
Visual appearance of the dry kernels (16%
moisture)
SPC-based 20% LPC
FM-based 20% CPC
*LPC- lupine protein concentrate; FM- fish meal
SPC-based 20% LPC
Visual appearance of the dry kernels (29%
moisture)
20% CPC FM-based
Overview of the technological properties of the
protein sources
14
Production schemes for different diets
15
SPC-based LPC-based A prospective diet
