lung anatomy - cpc research school · pdf filecontent 1. structure of the lung 2. muscles of...
TRANSCRIPT
Warm up – guessing lung numbers
• Average weight
• Surface area:
• Cummulated length of airways:
• Number of alveoli:
• Cummulated length of lung campilares:
• Thickness of air-blood barrier
• 1,3 kg
• ~40-100 m2
• 2400 km
• 300-500 million
• 1000 km
• 0.6 µM
Content
1. Structure of the lung
2. Muscles of the lung
3. Pulmonary circulation
4. Mouse lung anatomy
Lung lobes
• Right Lung: 3 Lobes; Left Lung: 2 Lobes
• Relatively independent functional units within the lung
• Inserted by secondary bronchi
Bronchiopulmonary segments
• Right Lung: 10; Left Lung: 8
• Pyramidal shaped independent units of the lung
• Each segment has it‘s own pulmonary artery / Veins run in intersegmental areas
• Inserted by tertiary bronchi
Pulmonary lobules
• Hexagonal divisions seperated by septae
• Inserted by terminal bronchioles
http://radiopaedia.org
Acinus
• Distal to the terminal bronchioles
• Contains respiratory bronchiole, alveolar sacs, and alveoli
http://cnx.org
Summary
The lung structure is defined by the branching of the bronchial tree
• Lung lobes
Right lung 3, left lung 2
Inserted by secondary bronchi
• Bronchiopulmonary segments
Right lung 10, left lung 9
Inserted by tertiary bronchi
Each one inserted by a pulmonary artery
Seperated through layer of connective tissue containing pulmonary veins
• Pulomnary lobule
Hexagonal divisions seperated by septae
Inserted by terminal bronchioles
• Acini
Distal of the terminal bronchiole
Comprising the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar sacs and alveoli
One pulmonary lobe consists of up to 12 acini
Respiratory Muscles
inspiratory muscles
neck musculature
diaphragm
expiratory muscles
abdominal musculature
Mouse & Rat
Left lung: 1 lobe
Right lung: 4 lobes
Treuting, Dintzis, Comparative Anatomy and Histology: A Mouse and Human Atlas
Mouse Human
Total lung capacity 1ml 6l
Lobes 5 (4 right, 1 left) 5 (3 right, 2 left)
Airway branching pattern Monopodial (irregular) Dichotomus (symmetrical)
Airway generations 15-20 20-25
Blood-gas barrier ca. 0.3 µM ca. 0.6 µM
Alveoli size (MLI) ca. 80 µM ca. 200 µM
Respiratory rate (breaths per minute)
250–350 bpm 12-20 bpm
Irvin, Bates Respir Res. 2003;4:4. Epub 2003 May 15