lung abscess

Lung Abscess 1. DESCRIPTION: a. A localized lesion in the lung containing pus and necrotic tissues that collapses and forms cavities, or pockets, in the lung. b. May occur from aspiration of vomitus or infected material (nasotracheal secretions or blood) from the upper respiratory tract; or secondary to bronchial oibstruction due to a tumor, where infection or necrosis within the tumor mass results in accumulation of secretions. c. May be also a sequel of necrotizing pneumonias, tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, trauma, bronchial neoplasms. 2. NURSING ASSESSMENT: a. Initially cough, with small amount of sputum, a ↓ grade fever, and malaise. b. In time, sputum becomes copious and often foul-smelling, sometimes containing blood. c. Pleuritic chest pain. d. Sometimes, onset is sudden, with chills, high fever, cough and malaise. 3. MEASURES TO REDUCE RISK OF SUPPURATIVE LUNG DISEASE a. Patients who must have teeth extracted while their gums and teeth are infected maybe given antibiotic therapy before any dental manipulations. b. Patient is instructed to maintain adequate dental and oral hygiene, since anaerobic bacteria play a role in the pathogenesis of lung abscess. c. Give appropriate antimicrobial therapy to those with pneumonia. 4. MANAGEMENT a. Adequate drainage thru postural drainage aided by percussion, effective coughing and breathing exercises. b. Sometimes, bronchoscopy is needed to drain abscess. c. ↑ protein, ↑ calorie diet – since chronic infection is associated with a catabolic state.

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pathophysiology and description of the disease with some nursing management and nursing assessment.

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Lung Abscess

1. DESCRIPTION:a. A localized lesion in the lung containing pus and necrotic tissues that collapses and forms

cavities, or pockets, in the lung.b. May occur from aspiration of vomitus or infected material (nasotracheal secretions or blood)

from the upper respiratory tract; or secondary to bronchial oibstruction due to a tumor, where infection or necrosis within the tumor mass results in accumulation of secretions.

c. May be also a sequel of necrotizing pneumonias, tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, trauma, bronchial neoplasms.

2. NURSING ASSESSMENT:a. Initially cough, with small amount of sputum, a ↓ grade fever, and malaise.b. In time, sputum becomes copious and often foul-smelling, sometimes containing blood.c. Pleuritic chest pain.d. Sometimes, onset is sudden, with chills, high fever, cough and malaise.

3. MEASURES TO REDUCE RISK OF SUPPURATIVE LUNG DISEASEa. Patients who must have teeth extracted while their gums and teeth are infected maybe given

antibiotic therapy before any dental manipulations.b. Patient is instructed to maintain adequate dental and oral hygiene, since anaerobic bacteria play a

role in the pathogenesis of lung abscess.c. Give appropriate antimicrobial therapy to those with pneumonia.

4. MANAGEMENTa. Adequate drainage thru postural drainage aided by percussion, effective coughing and breathing

exercises.b. Sometimes, bronchoscopy is needed to drain abscess.c. ↑ protein, ↑ calorie diet – since chronic infection is associated with a catabolic state.d. Antibiotic therapy duration may be from 6-18 weeks to prevent relapse.e. Surgery if medical intervention is inadequate.

5. NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR LUNG ABSCESSa. Antibiotic administration as indicated.b. Chest Physiotherapyc. Ensure proper nutritional intaked. Emotional support