newsTHE EUROPEAN MAGAZINE OF LEROY-SOMER

19SEPTEMBER 2007

BELGIUM

DENMARK

FRANCE

GERMANY

ITALY

PORTUGAL

THE NETHERLANDS

SPAIN

SWITZERLAND

UNITED KINGDOM

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The path to renewable energies

Ever greener Power alternators!

Shaft voltages and bearing currents

National Pages

Leroy-Somer motors are being exported

Variable speed drive technology

Onboard drive systems for railway applications

In March 2007, the 27 member coun-tries of the European Union, gatheredtogether in Brussels, agreed upon anambitious target: in 2020, renewableenergies must make up 20% ofEuropean energy consumption.According to the President of theEuropean Commission, José ManuelBarroso, this policy is the most ambi-tious ever accepted by a group of coun-tries on energy and climate protection.

Following this, the member statescommitted themselves to reducing theiremissions of greenhouse gases by 20%by 2020. This target could even beincreased to 30% (the reductionthreshold necessary to avoid a large-scale climate change) if other majoreconomic powers, such as the UnitedStates, China or India, undertook toparticipate in a collective effort, within

the framework of a new protocol thatwill replace the Kyoto protocol, expir-ing in 2012. As a reminder, the Kyoto

agreement aims to stabilise the atmos-pheric concentrations of greenhousegases at a level that prevents anydangerous disruption to the planet’sclimate system. At that date, theEuropean Union must have reduced itsemissions by 8%.

Today, the share of renewable energiesin the Union’s total energy mixamounts to 7%. This is a little morethan in 1990. Other changes arefavourable to the environment:between 1990 and 2002, coalconsumption decreased in favour ofgas, which generates less carbon diox-ide. But the effort to be made remainsvery significant.

Sun, wind and biomass

The main sources of renewable energyavailable in Europe are wind, sun andbiomass. The potential of each is great,

provided that Europe succeeds in over-coming various technical and finan-cial obstacles.

Biomass includes various organic rawmaterials of plant origin, which can beconverted into combustible materialto produce heat, electricity or fuel. Itprovides 14% of the planet’s energyconsumption and as such constitutesthe fourth largest resource exploited onthe world scale. Having said this, apartfrom Austria, Finland and Swedenwhere it is relatively well exploited,biomass still represents only 2% of theEuropean energy mix. This lack of inter-est is due in a large part to the rela-tively high cost of energy producedstarting with biomass. To remedy this,various research programmes are inprogress in Europe to develop newconversion technologies, based on ther-mochemical, chemical and biologicalprocesses. Researches that open thedoor to a great variety of uses, whetheras a source of heat or electricity, or asa biofuel.

EDITOR IN CHIEF:

Jean-Michel LerougeLeroy-SomerBld Marcellin LeroyF-16015 Angoulême

CO-ORDINATION AND LAYOUT:

Im’act

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE:

E. Dadda, A. Escrig, A. Galloway, Dr. R. Lamprecht, J.-M. Lerouge, J.-P. Michel, Ch. Notté, G. Oostendorp, C. Pegorier, O. Powis, G. T. Sørensen, V. Viccaro.

This brochure is distributed for information only.Any references and photographs containedtherein are not subject to contract and withoutobligation to Leroy-Somer.

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SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT

The path to

renewable energiesThe Germans were bent upon it, the Twenty-Seven voted for it: by the year 2020, one fifth of the energyconsumed in Europe must come from alternative sources that do not generate greenhouse gases, such aswind energy, solar energy and biomass. A change that will bring back into use some of the energy sourcesput to one side by the first industrial revolution.

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The kinetic energy of the wind, converted into electricity bywind turbines, is another increasingly exploited energy source.In Europe, it literally has the wind in its sails, with a productionthat increased by 154% between 2000 and the beginning of 2006(data from Eurostat). In 2006, Europe therefore provided 65% ofthe 74,000 MW of wind energy produced annually throughoutthe world. Furthermore, two European countries are at the topof the world ranking of wind energy producers: Germany, withalmost a third of the world’s production, and Spain (11,615 MWper annum), just in front of the United States and their 11,603MW (data from the World Wind Energy Association, 2006). Thedevelopment of this type of energy is dependent upon progressrelated to managing variations in wind speed, and also to stor-age of the energy produced for less windy periods.

Photovoltaic solar energy is a third energy source of interest toEurope. Solar radiation is converted into electricity by means ofa solar voltaic power generation. At present, photovoltaic oper-ation remains relatively expensive. Researches are in progress aspart of the European Hercules programme, aimed at improvingthe performance of this type of system and making solar energycompetitive for Europe. They have already demonstrated thefeasibility of a new type of device, based on gallium arsenide

photovoltaic cells, which would make it possible to reduce thecost per solar kilowatt to a more acceptable level.

After the industrial revolutions that relegated non-pollutingenergies in favour of performance, a new revolution is brewingto acclaim green energies, making them more competitive.Europe, its researchers and industries will have played a leadingrole in this beneficial return to the future.

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT

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The new industrial revolution

In the middle of the 18th century, the first industrial revo-lution gave birth to the machine. Muscular, water and windenergy were progressively replaced by steam.

At the end of the 19th century, the second industrial revo-lution began with the invention of electricity and the inter-nal combustion engine. A divided organisation of work(Taylorism) was set up.

In the 1970s, the third industrial revolution started withthe development of electronic tools and the invention of theInternet, the microprocessor and the desktop computer.

The 21st century will be that of the fourth revolution, whichmust enable a spectacular increase in the amount of low-emission energy produced and used in Europe, in order to"transform Europe into a high energy efficiency, low CO2emission economy", in the words of the Commission.

Global warmingAccording to the European Environment Agency, energyproduction is responsible, in the European Union, for 80% ofall greenhouse gas emissions, whose role in global warmingis proclaimed by many scientists.According to the intergovernmental group of experts onclimate change, greenhouse gas emissions have alreadyincreased the world’s temperature by 0.6°C and, if no meas-ures are taken, man will be responsible for an increase ofbetween 1.4 and 5.8°C by the end of the century. All regionsof the world, including the European Union, will have toface serious repercussions on their economies and ecosys-tems. A significant increase in renewable energies in theEuropean energy mix could help save up to 100 billion eurosand 780 million tonnes of CO2 per year.

Changes in the European energy mix

19900%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2003

Renewable

Nuclear

Gas

Coal

Oil

Source : European Commission

ENERGY

Ever greener

Power alternators!

One alternator out of four comes from aLeroy-Somer factory located in Europe, theUSA or Asia. Besides its standard range(Partner), Leroy-Somer has developed anadaptable range, the Power range, directed atboth manufacturers of engines (diesel or gas)and designers of gas, steam, water or windturbines, in a 1 to 20 MW power range.

Power alternators intended for Europe areproduced in Orléans (France) on a site wherea surprisingly varied mixture of machinesranging from 2 to 80 tonnes exist side byside. Each represents an original solution tospecific needs, in terms of electrical dimen-sioning (voltage, speed, power) and alsomechanical configuration (open or totally-enclosed machines), and if necessary incor-porating specific functionalities.

The Power range, highly diversi-fied applicationsThe wind market is a special market where themanufacturers develop their own technolo-gies and therefore expect a great deal ofadaptability from their suppliers. In addition,the alternators designed for this sector, whichmust be sited at the top of masts in nacellesover 80 metres up, are totally customised. Atpresent, Leroy-Somer manufactures 3 MWasynchronous alternators for the wind marketand is also developing a 2 MW generator forthis market.

Small hydroelectric power stations are find-ing a growing interest, mainly for sites witha small drop which do not require any majorcivil engineering investment. Here also, theavailability of alternators perfectly adapted tothe characteristics of the site (nature of thedrop, and regulatory, environmental andmechanical constraints) is essential. For many

years, Leroy-Somer has offered a range ofalternators specifically designed for driving bywater turbines, and adaptable to a precisespecification: overspeed, axial and/or radialloads, type of mounting, etc.

Leroy-Somer also supplies alternators suitablefor biomass installations, whether these arefor producing steam through combustion ofplant matter or for recovering biogas(methane) coming from the fermentation oforganic matter for powering gas engines.

As another field of application, waste incin-eration is a good example of recovery ofsteam converted into electricity using a steamturbine combined with a Leroy-Somer alter-nator, provided that the substancesdischarged into the atmosphere are strictlycontrolled. More generally, any industrial siteusing steam, such as paper mills or tyre facto-ries, are yet more facilities capable of produc-ing electricity or installing a cogenerationplant.

Leroy-Somer also has a great amount ofexpertise in working with manufacturers ofpower stations supplied with natural gas. Thistype of power station has the advantage ofbeing able to be installed fairly quickly closeto the place of end use, since the turbines andalternators can be transported in the form ofpackages to be installed and then connectedto the local mains supply.

But for the time being, power stations, whichconvert the mechanical energy supplied by adiesel engine into electricity, still constitutethe most frequent outlet for Leroy-Someralternators. Many manufacturers havebecome specialised in the installation ofpower stations of this type, in partnershipwith Leroy-Somer who supplies the alterna-

With the development of renewable energy sources such as wind, waterpower or biomass, alternators are enjoying an unprecedented boom. Leroy-Somer, world leader in industrial alternators, is involved in the deploy-ment of these new energy sources with a range that suits all requirements:Power alternators.

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tors matched to the most diverse specifications. They are usedin particular by hospitals, hotels or large administrations, forwhich they provide energy self-reliance, integrated with themains supply if applicable.

Similarly, the diesel engine is frequently used in the maritimefield to provide the power supply and/or electrical propulsionfor cruise ships, ferries or container ships, and also in the oil& gas market, as borne out by the recent orders for theFPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) produc-tion platforms and LNG (liquefied natural gas) tankers.

Europe’s ability to increase the share of green energies in thetotal energy mix will depend to a large extent on its talentfor using these new energies efficiently. A venture in whichthe Power alternator range and Leroy-Somer’s expertisecould be called upon to play a leading role.

ENERGY

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...and the barge Thialfworks hard!

On the other hand, no holidays for the barge Thialf, designedto carry out work installing drilling and production platformsfor the Dutch ship operator Heerema. With a length of 200 m,and equipped with two cranes with a lifting capacity of15,000 tons, it can accommodate up to 736 people on board.It is the most powerful work vessel in the world. Nevertheless,to be able to carry out work offshore in deep water in the Gulfof Mexico, it had to be equipped with a dynamic positioningsystem requiring more power. Leroy-Somer supplied four 5MVA LSA 58 XL115 alternators and two 7 MVA LSA 60 B105alternators driven by diesel engines at 514 rpm.

Cruising is fun…The final phase of modernising the first of four Milleniumcruise liners, in service in the Caribbean since 2000, is inprogress: an 11.5 MW heavy fuel oil diesel generating setmust be added to the two fuel-thirsty 25 MW gas turbines,for more economical propulsion, in particular in port areasat reduced speed. To limit the time the ship is out of action,a complete 300-ton unit, consisting of a Wartsila 16V38Bdiesel engine and an LSA 62 B100/12p alternator, has beenprepared by the Aker workshop, whilst the liner has contin-ued to sail for the greatest pleasure of its 2000 passengers.Its stay in dry dock will be reduced to the strict minimum –17 days to cut open the hull and insert the new module!

The issue

Shaft voltage and bearing currents arise from various sources in aninduction motor and are not just a result of using inverter drives.

Poor electrical steel homogeneity, rotor concentricity, alignment,uneven air-gaps, inadequate manufacturing tolerances and unbal-anced windings are construction factors that cause asymmetricalmagnetic fields, leading to the flow of bearing currents even whena motor is operated from a pure sine wave supply. In additioncommon mode voltages caused by unbalanced excitation of themotor windings coupled with shaft grounding current can alsoproduce bearing currents.Leroy Somer has effectively overcome these problems with theintroduction of computer-aided design, precision tools, andadvanced production techniques. Shaft voltage levels are nowbelow 300mv (peak) complying with NEMA MG1, 1993 Rev 3 andIEC 60034-17.

The introduction of the fast switching power devices, such asIGBT’s, in Variable Speed Drives has led to the resurfacing of shaft

voltage and bearing current problems due to common mode volt-age generation of the high switching frequencies (up to 20kHz)and associated high rate rise of voltage (dv/dt). These high switch-

ing frequencies can give rise to aninduced voltage in the shaft which buildsto a level that can discharge to groundthrough the bearings and then chargeagain. Damage occurs to the bearingsurfaces due to the electric dischargemachining (EDM) effect.

The solutions

The phenomenon is well understood butits occurrence is un-predictable, put incontext however it very rarely is a problem particularly below280 frames. Its appearance is not the result of a manufacturingdefect of either the motor or the drive.

Determining whether protection systems are required is a purecost and risk analysis exercise: e.g. an insulated bearing for asmall motor costs more than the stator. It therefore needs to bea whole system design approach.

TECHNICAL INFORMATION SHEET

6

Time-varying flux encircling the shaft

Motor frameBearing current

Stator winding

Motor bearing

Time-varying flux encircling the shaft

Stator core

Three-phase sine wave

supply

Rotor

Load

Conductivecoupling

Load bearing(s)

Stator-to-rotor coupling currentRotor-to-shaft coupling currentStator winding to frame shaft currentStator winding-to-ground current

Rotor

Inve

rter

Load

Conductivecoupling

SHAFT VOLTAGES AND BEARING CURRENTS

Action Comment

Ensure High frequency systemgrounding

Reduce the switching frequency

Inductive line filters

Vibration analysis equipment installation

Insulated bearings (optional from 160 frame)

Shaft grounding brush

Insulated coupling

- Shielded cable, drive to motorwith correct grounding

- Low impedance grounding of thedriven machine

Avoid frequencies above 6kHz thehigher the frequency the higher therate of current discharge.

Particularly for long cable lengths.Any attenuation in the commonmode drive voltage reduces thecapacitive discharge energy by thesquare law.

Useful in trending energy spikes inthe 2-4kHz range indicative ofEDM.

Consider for motors >280 frame.Will not eliminate shaft voltageswhich may then cause a problem inthe driven machine.

Can be considered for motors >280 frame.

Between motor and drivenmachine.

Leroy Somer has had a long experienceand association with Naval Defenceapplications and has developed a rangeof motors, converters and alternatorsmeeting stringent requirements for thenational navy’s of Europe and world-wide.

Navy specification applies to productdesign and also the ability of the suppli-ers to assist the navy’s design teamsduring the life of the project from theviability study through to the equip-ment installation and staff training.

Leroy Somer has well understood theserequirements and has in place a groupof multi-skilled engineers dedicated tonaval activities. This team has developed compliantproducts meeting the navy require-ment in term of shock resistance, vibra-tion and noise. They have alsointegrated into their design, the highlife expectancy requirement as shipsare in operation for prolonged period oftime.

Through the application experiencegained, Leroy Somer is now an expertin integrating motors & converterswhich guarantee the product perform-ance and is now the reference andprime motor supplier for over a dozennavy’s for surface ships and submarines.

Recent Royal Navy projects include thesupply of motor drives into a number ofstrategic applications for the Type 45Destroyers and quoting motors forseveral applications such as HVAC,pumping and winches for the CVF-Royal Navy Future Aircraft Carrierswhich are expected to enter into serv-ice in 2012 & 2015.

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APPLICATIONS

MOD

APPLICATIONS

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When lift systems come to the end oftheir operational life, refurbishmentrather than complete replacement canoften be the best option for future lifeexpectancy. Reduced disruption, build-ing and associated works, shorterprogramme times and the retention ofuseful existing equipment can all makeit the preferred solution. The decision toreplace or refurbish the drive system,however, depends on the age, conditionand serviceability of existing equip-ment and generally, if it can be, will bereplaced to ensure long term sparesavailability, higher efficiency, reducedpower consumption and noise output.

The business of refurbishing lifts is aspecialist one best left to experts. Thosein the business also know that the elec-trical drive and control systems arespecialised and require engineers withknowledge and experience. WhenUniversity College London wanted to

refurbish the lifts in its office block, itasked consultant Dave Smith to designthe system and coordinate the tender-ing of the project.

The original lifts were driven by Otis131HT gearless DC drives installed 25to 30 years ago. It was decided toreplace them with an AC solutionmainly for reasons of cost, efficiencyand maintenance. A gearless drive wasselected for power efficiency reasonsbut also because of size, weight, noiseand cost.

The time allocated for total refurbish-ment of both lifts was 26 weeks onsite and the whole project cost about£250 000. The successful tender camefrom the specialist lift contractorGuideline Lift Services Limited, whochose to use Leroy Somer permanentmagnet AC Gearless motors for the firsttime in the UK.

The UCL project involves two lifts, eachwith a 1125kg capacity and 42m travel.The Leroy Somer 18.2kW motors arepowered via Control Techniques vari-able-speed drives, Liftstore controlpanels and travel at a maximum speedof 2.5m/s.

Guideline Managing Director, AlanKnight explains:”We worked with LeroySomer originally as they were the onlyindependent company that could meeta 3.5m/sec speed specification with agearless drive for a project we hadpreviously secured. Over the years wehave developed a sound working rela-tionship with Leroy Somer and theyare now our preferred AC gearlessmotor suppliers.”

The Leroy Somer Z series, permanentmagnet, AC synchronous, gearless liftmotors are a newly introduced standardproduct from Leroy Somer. Already, they

Smooth Operators

9

APPLICATIONS

are changing the way that many peoplein the industry feel about lift drivesystems.

The benefits of a gearless motor over ageared solution are numerous. Betterefficiency and energy saving, less togo wrong, easier maintenance if it does,smoother control, better overall ridequality and all at a lower price.Permanent magnet, synchronousmotors take the size and efficiencyequation to yet another level whencompared to a standard gearless asyn-chronous solution.

Smith elaborates: “The project wentvery smoothly, running to time andbudget. Everyone is very pleased withthe results. In addition to the engi-neering benefits that we expected, ridequality is much improved and reliabil-ity is better. AC motors are much easierto look after than the old DC ones but

these new synchronous motors arereally excellent.”

The complete range of Leroy SomerPermanent Magnet Synchronousmotors with external rotor is suitablefor new installations and refurbish-ments.Suitable for loads up to 2000kg(4400lbs) and speeds up to 4m/s(13.2ft/s).This new range has been designed forlow noise which makes them ideallysuitable for Machine RoomlessInstallations (MRL) combined with lowvibration levels for increased comfort inthe lift car.The design reduces the need for main-tenance when compared to a gearedsolution but most importantly offersincreased level of efficiency necessaryin today’s environment.

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PRODUCTS

INVERTER RANGE

CENTRALISED

LOCALISE

DCONTROL

0.25kW 132kWDIGIDRIVE SKIP21 single phase or three phase chassis mounted standard drive suitable forall applications.

0.75kW 132kWUNIDRIVE SPIP21 universal inverter (U/F, open loop and closed loop) dedicated for specialmachines. Wide range of application possibilities with specific solutions forhoisting, positioning, winding/unwinding and synchronisation.

45kW 900kWPOWERDRIVEModular inverter in a cabinet (IP21 or IP54) customised to your requirement.This drive can be used to control induction motors or permanent magnetmotors.

0.37kW 7.5kWPROXIDRIVEIP66 chassis design inverter suitable for wash down duty. All features areintegrated to enable a localised control including PLC functions.

0.25kW 11kWVARMECAIP65 single phase or three phase inverter integrated in the terminal box withlocal or remote control. The whole range operates in vector control mode.

NEW

NEW

UR logo certification or cer-tification in accordancewith the USA “UnderwritersLaboratories” specification

For the American market, Leroy-Somer is developing a specific offerof motors with a nameplate includingUR (Underwriters LaboratoriesRecognized Component) certificationindicating that the motor is "recog-nised" as a component.The ranges of motors marketed byLeroy-Somer satisfy not only the URcertification requirements but alsothe EPAct federal regulations onenergy efficiency.

Leroy-Somer’s offer consists of two levels:Level 1 : Recognition of the insulationsystem (OBJY2).All Class F Leroy-Somer products canbe manufactured with this insulationsystem (file E 68554). These motorsbear the UR logo and the numberE68554 on their nameplates.Level 2 : Recognition of the completemotor as a component in accordancewith UL 1004.

The LS, FLS, FLSC, LSES and LSMVranges are approved (file E 206450) and the motors bearthe UR logo and the number E206450 on their nameplate.

CSA certification

Similarly for Canada, Leroy-Someroffers ranges of motors includingthe CSA (Canadian StandardsAssociation) mark: these are the LS,LSES and PLS series. The EEV(Energy Efficiency Verification)label shows that the product’s per-

formance and energy efficiencyhave been verified in accordancewith the CSA standards; the veryhigh efficiency LSES ranges areexamples of such products.

Mutual recognition mechanismsexist between the Underwriters

Laboratories, which issue the URmark, and the CSA.

A worldwide servicenetworkLastly, Leroy-Somer has a sub-sidiary responsible for sellingproducts in the United States,and a vast service network forproviding support to customers inNorth America.

CERTIFICATION

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Leroy-Somer motors are being

exported to the United States and Canada

Globalisation requires many of Leroy-Somer’s customers to have factories in several continents orexport their machines abroad. Whether they are multinationals or smaller companies, it is essen-tial to be able to partner them in this by providing them with products complying with local stan-dards, certifications or regulations. Therefore it is necessary to be aware that Leroy-Somermanufactures complete ranges of motors meeting the American NEMA (National ElectricalManufacturers Association) electrical and mechanical construction standards and motors havingUR or CSA certification.

Rotor/stator assembly for semi-hermetically sealed compressors

LS series three-phase motor with IP 55 aluminium housing

Sources and links of interest:http://www.nema.org/

http://www.iec.ch/http://www.ul.com/http://www.csa.ca/

http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/

APPLICATION

12

Variable speed drive

technology Johnson Controls Denmark ApS, Sabroe Products Most people are aware that the market for refrigeration products increasingly focuses onenergy consumption, reliability, environmental issues and overall costs of ownership.

With these highly valued market needsin mind, the SABCube was created byJohnson Controls Denmark ApS, SabroeProducts. It was invented to fulfil thesedemands and those of the future. TheSABCube compressor is an efficient,reliable and compact solution thatcompletely revolutionises the marketfor small screw compressors.

The variable speed drive technologyhas been optimised and combined withboth a specially designed Leroy-Somerpermanent magnet drive motor and ascrew compressor with fewer movingparts and greater efficiency. TheSABCube also features an innovativeand fully integrated oil managementsystem.

Anybody can apply a frequency conver-ter to a screw compressor package andcontrol the capacity by variable speed– the challenge is to avoid vibrationand noise in all load situations and,not to forget, avoid additional costs.

“Our cooperation with Leroy-Somer hasbeen absolutely crucial during thisproject, partly because their HPM(hybrid permanent magnet) motortechnology fits in perfectly with theSABCube concept and partly becauseLeroy-Somer has the expertise onvariable speed regulation,” explainsChristian Christensen from JohnsonControls Denmark (Sabroe Products).

The only external tubing seen on theSABCube is a very short connection atthe POV bypass valve system and the oilreturn line from the coalescer filter – allother components, including the oilcooler, are integrated in the oil sepa-rator or the compressor block casing,without compromising easy serviceaccess.

The package comes fully enclosed –the combined converter, power supplyand control panel are part of the enclo-sure and fully meet IP 54 protectiondemands. Both the power electronicsand the entire electrical panel arecooled by a separate heat exchangercircuit in the oil cooler.

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The SABCube also features an innovative oilmanagement system.

These technologies are all fully integrated intoone compact integrated unit that is managed bya Unisab control system.

Hear less, see less, experience more ...The SABCube compressor is a quiet, compact and efficientsolution that completely revolutionises the market for smallscrew compressors.

The SABCube compressor package reduces energy costs by asmuch as 30%. It is specially designed to automatically operateat the maximum efficiency available for any required output.

Proven reliability and the unique service concept, with a clear focuson preventive maintenance, result in service cost reductions by noless than 25%.

Revolutionary motor technology

The SABCube is a compressor concept never seen before, with well-proven technology applied in a highly innovative way to achieveexceptional operating efficiency.

Variable speed drive technology has been optimised and combi-ned with both a specially Leroy-Somer designed hybrid permanentmagnet motor and a screw compressor with fewer moving partsand greater efficiency.

The SABCube is also extremely compact andquiet compared with conventional fixed-speedcompressors.

APPLICATION

Type of function and onboard equipment

Whether for use on a High Speed Train such as the TGV (220mph), a conventional passenger train (70 mph) or an under-ground train (44 mph), a rail application usually includesfive types of function: the pull chain, power supply, produc-tion of air, accessibility and comfort.

The functions relating to the pull chain and braking consti-tute the most critical functions. In the event of an anomalyor malfunction, this involves stopping the train immediately!Air conditioning, linked to passenger comfort, or opening ofdoors, linked to accessibility, constitute other extremelyimportant functions.

The electric motors equipping these functions are subjectedto severe mechanical and electrical stress from the onboardrailway equipment. Indeed, vibrations, shocks, temperaturerises (between -30 °C and +90 °C), and a solid state conver-ter (power supply) which generates low-quality sine waves,are the main stresses encountered, resulting in acceleratedageing of both the motors and the winding in particular.

A complete rail offer

To satisfy the mechanical and electrical requirements of thevarious international programmes, Leroy-Somer has defineda special offer of onboard drive systems for railways. Theproposed range has 4 different levels, depending on thedegree of resistance required. Level 2 to 4 motors have, forexample, a stator with “coated technology”, which has ahighly resistant motor core and they are therefore particu-larly well suited to carrying out the train’s vital functions.The first level corresponds to the standard industrial motor.

Reducing maintenance, increasing component reliability,increasing train service life and complying with standardshave now become essential criteria for users. They areexpressed through such notions as LCC (Life Cycle Cost) andMTBF (Mean Time Between Failure). Level 4 Leroy-Somermotors can satisfy 100% of these requirements with theirparticularly high MTBF, of around 1.5 million hours!

PRODUCTS

Onboard drive systems

for railway applicationsThe international rail market has a high potential for growth. With the benefit of more than 40 years' expe-rience and more than 350,000 motors installed, Leroy-Somer offers a complete range of asynchronous or D.C.drives for the rail industry.Now the company has also established a highly-qualified multidisciplinary engineering team, enabling it toundertake global project management throughout the world.

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TransformersRadiator cooling and drive systemfor the oil circuit pump

Engine blocksVentilation

Traction enginesVentilation

PantographesLifting compressor

RheostatsVentilation

PULL CHAIN

Always on technologywatchLeroy-Somer’s engineering team istotally up to speed with the variousrequirements of today’s market andis supporting the drive for innova-tion in onboard equipment for railt ransport by propos ing , forexample:

- Revamping solutions on all typesof existing rolling stock (replace-ment of D .C . motors with A .C .

motors, customised motors to fit inthe space available, etc)

- Solutions to thermal, mechanical,electrical constraints, plus thoseaffecting logistics and standards,for a l l the major internat ionalprogrammes: EMU, DMU, Urbanand Suburban, locomotives, TGV

- Continual monitoring of technolo-gical change of the power supply forD.C. motors to asynchronous currentvia high-demand IGBT converters,

- Involvement in the developmentof “new (brushless) technology”motors, in response to the currentrequirements for weight reduction,compactness and performance.

PRODUCTS

15

Auxiliary blocksVentilation

Air conditioning for passengersCooling unit fans, condenser fans and extractor fans

Air conditioning for the driver’s cabCooling unit fans and condenser fans

DoorsOpening

Access for peoplewith restricted mobility

Platform

BrakingCompressor

POWER SUPPLY

ACCESSIBILITY

COMFORT

PRODUCTION OF AIR

3875

en-09.20

07/k(U-K

)

Packaging Food and beverageindustry 10H43 G.M.T.

Millions of tomatoes to sort.Impeccable hygiene standards.The cleanliness of a laboratory.The objective? To withstand daily high-pressure cleaning operations!

Innovation, performance, flexibility and service.Choosing the best drive system is not easy. However it is necessary to have the choice. The performance of your machinery depends on it.The new 3000 RANGE, resulting from 80 years of expertise in major world markets, can be adapted to a wide variety of situations andenvironments, including the most demanding. With a partner like us, you can ask for anything. Check it out. Come talk to us.

THE LEROY-SOMER SOLUTION: THE 3000 IA RANGE

LEROY-SOMER U.K. Ltd • 8 The Square Stockley Park • Uxbridge, Middlesex UB11 1FW • Tél.: +44 (0)20 8610 6025 • Fax: +44 (0)20 8610 6886