Announcing theNext Generationof HeliumRecovery!

LowestTemperature

Measurements

Case Study:Planar Hall Effect

Investigation inCryogenic

Environment

Edition No. 1

FOCUS ONTEMPERATURE

SENSORS

CUSTOMENGINEEREDCRYOGENIC

SYSTEMS

CRYOGENICS

The Low Temperature Productsfor Your Lab

Lake Shore Cryotronics hasacquired Janis Research Products

A NEWSLETTER FROM QUANTUMDESIGN UK AND IRELAND

CRYO WEBINARS

Foreword

The Link Between the Lake Shore M91and the QD PPMS

Custom Engineered Cryogenic Systems

Custom Cryostat Examples, IncludingAward-Winning NASA Projects

Variable Temperature Cryostat

VersaLab Applications

Useful Links for QD Users

The Latest Cryo Webinars

Focus on Temperature Sensors

News Round Up

Helium Conservation

Next Generation of Helium Recovery

Case Study: Planar Hall Effect

Case Study: Study of Magnetic Materials

VIDEO: Watch the QD VSM in Action

Cryogenic Publications

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Contents HighlightsWITH CONTENT

CONTRIBUTIONS FROMOUR PARTNERS:

WWW.QD-UKI.CO.UK/CRYOGENICS

Lake Shore CryotronicsLeading researchers around the world trust Lake

Shore for measurement and control solutions that

drive the discovery and development of new

materials for tomorrow’s technologies. In

electronics, clean energy, nanotechnology, and

many other applications, Lake Shore provides the

products and systems needed for precise

measurements over a broad range of temperature

and magnetic field conditions. Serving the needs of

the research community since 1968 Lake Shore has

grown its product solutions to keep pace with

evolving interests in scientific exploration, from the

physics lab to deep space. Through our international

technical service and sales teams, we foster a

culture of collaboration and innovation, and a

commitment to the pursuit of science.

Quantum Design USASince its inception in 1982, Quantum Design

International (a privately held corporation) has

developed and manufactured automated

temperature and magnetic field testing platforms

for materials characterization. These systems offer

a variety of measurement capabilities and are in

widespread use in the fields of physics, chemistry,

biotechnology, materials science, nanotechnology,

and quantum information research.

Montana InstrumentsMontana Instruments® Corporation designs and

manufactures high-precision electrical, optical, and

cryogenic systems for quantum materials research

and the quantum computing, sensing, and

networking industries. Our solutions are focused on

increasing productivity by re-defining automation,

precision, and environmental control of wide

temperature experimental platforms.

Advancing MaterialsCharacterisation

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Quantum Design UK and Ireland (QDUKI) is

proud to bring you this newsletter with

information about new products, publications

and white papers that have been produced

using products that we offer.

With the recent addition of Janis Research

products through our partners, Lake Shore

Cryotronics, we have strengthened our

Cryogenics offering.

QDUKI is particularly proud of our

involvement with the international effort

(spearheaded by our parent company

Quantum Design USA) to conserve helium. As

well as promoting sustainability and

awareness amongst the scientific community,

we have launched a new generation of helium

recovery systems.

QDUKI has been involved with Cryogenics

now for 12 years both as a manufacturer and a

distributor of low temperature

instrumentation such as the PPMS and MPM3

and have continually added to supplying

materials characterisation products from

other leading vendors.

We firmly believe we have the best

combination of instrumentation in cryogenics

for investigation of new materials and for the

optical Quantum computing QUBIT

Technology revolution which hopes to replace

the current mature but slow electronics era.

Dr. S Ikram

TECHNICAL DIRECTORQUANTUM DESIGN UK AND IRELAND

NOWAVAILABLE

T H R O UG H

DAVID WANT , MANAGING DIRECTOR,

QUANTUM DES IGN UK AND IRELAND

"This is a great brand to bring under the Quantum

Design UK and Ireland product portfolio. The Janis

range compliments our Cryogenics offering and

the markets we serve very well."

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While the M91 can be integrated with any type ofmagnet system, it is very useful when used inconjunction with a superconducting magnet. Thisapplication note describes how the M91 FastHallmeasurement controller can be integrated into ameasurement application using the popularPhysical Property Measurement System (PPMS®)from Quantum Design.

The PPMS is a complete measurement systemconsisting of a low-temperature cryostat,superconducting magnet, and control electronicsfor making characterisation measurements. Thesystem has a 12-pin sample puck, which is wiredthrough a LEMO connector on the side of thecryostat. During general operation, the sampleconnector is connected to the PPMS electronicsand the system’s MultiVu™ software controls thefield and temperature of the sample space whilecoordinating the measurement electronicscontained in the PPMS system.

A key benefit of the Lake Shore MeasureReady™ M91FastHall™ measurement controller is that it can be usedwith any type of magnet, including a superconductingmagnet. One such magnet system is the PhysicalProperty Measurement System (PPMS®)

It enables the measurement of samplemobilities down to 0.001 cm2 /V sIt eliminates the need to complete a physicalfield reversal during the Hall measurement

In 2019, Lake Shore Cryotronics introduced theMeasureReady™ M91 FastHall™ measurementcontroller. This single instrument combines voltageand current sources as well as measurements andswitching elements with complete Hall calculationsto provide a start-to-finish Hall analysis directlyfrom the instrument. In addition, the M91 providestruly unique and patented new FastHall technology,which results in two important improvements:

Did you know...You can use a Lake Shore M91FastHall measurement controllerwith a PPMS?

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K0 5

discover the M91

discover the PPMS

Janis Research has the trackrecord to back up its claim as theleader in custom cryogenics. Readon to find out about their twoNASA Public Service GroupAchievement Awards and our R&D100 Award.

The combination of these awardsclearly states, in a manner nopublicity rhetoric can, that Janishas the capability, the trackrecord, and the will to go beyondthe commonplace and providewhat others cannot.

What about your requirements?Aren't research and standardproducts contradictory? Yourproject is special and specialequipment is often required.

The Janis Research staff has theexperience and the knowledge tohelp even the most challengingprogram.

As a worldwide leader inlaboratory cryogenics,Janis has developedmany custom cryogenicconfigurations. Many ofthese have been refinedinto a standard productline and are availablefrom inventory.J A N I S R E S E A R C H

WWW . QD - U K I . C O . U K08

"WE CAN OFFER CUSTOM

SEMI-AUTOMATED PROBE

STATIONS WITH

REPEATED MAPPING"

Dr. Shayz Ikram, Quantum Design UK andIreland

Contact us here at QuantumDesign UK and Ireland to

discuss your particularcustom cryogenic problem.

Cryogenic cold traps with single or multiple chambersfor adsorption of noble gases, oxygen, nitrogen, carbondioxide, water vapour, etc.Ruggedised cryostats designed for space flights/micro-gravity experiments and balloon-borne cosmicmicrowave studiesFocal plane array and detector cooling Dewars foroperation in any orientationUltra-high vacuum cryostats and superconductingmagnet systems for scanning probe, atomic force, andscanning tunnelling microscopesCryostats that operate from liquid helium temperaturesto high temperatures (750 K or higher)Custom vibration isolated systemsTensile testing and high-pressure diamond anvil cellcryostatsDewars designed to ASME code, with completestructural, stress, and thermal analysis

DESIGN CAPABILITIES

Typical examples of custom-engineered projectsinclude:

CUSTOMENGINEEREDCRYOGENICSYSTEMS

In addition to their complete line of laboratorycryogenic equipment, Janis Research offersa wide range of award-winning customsystem design capabilities. With in-housecomputing facilities, computerised designsand manufacturing capabilities, Janis'experienced physicists and engineers arereadily available to discuss your specialrequirements for any type of cryogenicapplication

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Products for exo-atmospheric research andastronomyJanis Research has cooperated with NASA on several programs. TheARC Argus program, the successor to the ATLAS program,investigated the upper atmosphere from a balloon platform.

Of interest to the program was the tracking of inert tracer moleculesfor determining direction and speed. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory,in cooperation with Janis, produced the first viable test hardware onthe SIRTF program. This project involved a mirror test andqualification operating at liquid helium temperatures.

NASA GSFC worked with Janis on the AImS camera testingrequirements. Working with UMD and the GSFC Planetary Systemsgroup, Janis developed a test enclosure to mimic the Marsenvironment for earth-bound terrain testing.

Cryostats for low-temperature system foratomic force microscopy (AFM)/scanningtunneling microscopy (STM)

A special helium Dewar was supplied to Seoul National Universityin South Korea. This unit was to be integrated into a UHV surfaceanalysis system which includes instruments such as an AFM/STMprobe. Featuring a modular design, this cryostat required the fullcomplement of Janis' design and manufacturing capabilities—allat a cost far below our competitors.

In 2000, Janis received its second NASA Public Service GroupAchievement Award, again from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.This time it was for Janis' performance on the FACET program,the development of a cryostat to comply with the ShuttleHitchhiker program, and providing a platform for microgravityexperimentation. This second PSGAA, for a small company, iswithout precedent in the history of the JPL program and perhapsin all of NASA.

Solid neon shielded superfluid heliumcryostat for micro-gravity studies in thespace shuttle environment

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Capillary cooling cryostat

In 1998, Janis was awarded an R&D 100 Award for thedevelopment of a capillary cooling cryostat, allowing thedisciplines of FLNS and capillary electrophoresis to be combinedfor the first time.

Shown is a room-temperature vacuum chamber made from aCCS-150 instrumentation skirt. It has an anti-reflection coatedwindow installed on top, two ten-pin feedthroughs, and athermocouple vacuum gauge. This can be used to makeelectrical and optical measurements under a vacuum at roomtemperature.

Room-temperature vacuum chamber

Cryogenic cold trap with multipleindependently controllable chambers

High-cooling power test chamber Hybrid Dewar for efficient operationwith a superconducting magnet

X-ray diffraction vacuum shroud forclosed-cycle refrigerator

Here at Quantum Design UK and Ireland, weonly want to send you the information thatyou would l ike to see. When f i l l ing out theform, please t ick the part icular f ie lds andproduct suppl iers that interest you, and wewil l make sure you are kept up to date withONLY the most relevant information.

join our newsletter

ST 500 PROBE

STAT ION

The Janis ST-500 series probe stations

are high-performance research

instruments designed to provide

affordable vacuum and cryogenic

probing of wafers and devices. The

proven ST-500 cryostat is the platform

for these probe stations and includes

low vibration technology (originally

designed for high spatial resolution

optical microscopy) to provide

outstanding sample positional

stability.

Low vibration level and the positional drift

Temperature range from ~3.5 K to 475 K (optional:

8 K to 650 K) (depending on probes)

Works either with liquid nitrogen or liquid helium

Helium consumption less than 1 L/h

Accommodates up to 2 in (51 mm) diameter

wafers (optional: up to 8 in [203 mm])

Up to seven cooled, easily interchangeable,

micro-manipulated probe arms

Electrical measurements from DC to 67 GHz

Wide variety of inexpensive LF probe tips that are

easy to replace

Very low triaxial probe arms leakage current of

just a few fA

Non-contact, non-destructive Kelvin probes

Multi-tip probes

Fibre probe arms with single and multi-mode

fibre options

Optional optical access through the sample

mount for transmission measurements

Additional electrical feedthroughs with cables

and wires to sample area

Optional special miniature vacuum chamber to

transfer sample under vacuum from glove box to

probe station

Very smooth x-y-z travel stages for all monoscope

system assemblies

Optional movable sample holder

System customisation options

Researchers around theworld are using thesesystems to conduct researchin a wide variety of fields,including MEMS, nanoscaleelectronics,superconductivity,ferroelectrics, materialsciences, and optics.

Variable temperature cryostat

Looking for a cryogen-free option for

your existing “wet” probe station?

Optional recirculating gas cooler

eliminates the use of liquid helium for

“wet” systems.

discover the ST500

Utilising a new approach to

cryocooler equipment design,

VersaLab employs a new 4He-

based temperature control

system and gas flow technology

that eliminates the need for

liquidcryogens.

3 Tesla Cryogen-free Physical PropertyMeasurement System

Quantum Design VersaLab™Measurement System

With a temperature range of 50 – 400 K, this 3 Tesla platform is perfect for accomplishing many types of materials characterisation in a limited space. As with all Quantum Design instruments, VersaLab is a fully automated turnkey system with a user-friendly interface, and utilises technology developed for Quantum Design’s popular Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS®).

Technical Service and Application Support is available for the Quantum Design VersaLab

VersaLab is specifically designedfor material characterisation upto 3 Tesla and over a widetemperature range without theneed of liquid cryogens.

discover the VersaLab

WWW.QD-UK I . CO .UK13

Quantum Design (QD) is the leading commercialsource for automated materials characterisationsystems incorporating superconductingtechnology.

These systems offer a variety of measurementcapabilities and are in widespread use in thefields of physics, chemistry, biotechnology,materials science and nanotechnology.

Quantum Design

THE QUANTUM DESIGNRANGE

QD instruments may be found in the world’s

leading research institutions, and have become

the reference standard for a variety of magnetic

and physical property measurements. Quantum

Design, Inc. instruments are cited in, and provide

the data for, more scientific publications than any

other instrument in the fields of magnetics and

materials characterisation. This means that each

year, literally hundreds of scientific publications,

advancing the science of materials, use data

generated from QD instruments.

QD Tuneable Light Source

QD Material Characterisation Range QD OptiCool Cryostat

QD Helium Liquefiers

Range:

WWW . QD - U K I . C O . U K12

Contact us here at QuantumDesign UK and Ireland to

discuss your requirements

Quantum Design VersaLab™Measurement SystemA p p l i c a t i o n s

Thermal TransportOptionVan der Pauw

read the app note read the app note

Field-dependent longitudinal and transverse voltagesignals measured for a GaAs 2-D electron gas system at1.7 K with 1 µA sourced DC excitation current in the vander Pauw geometry. In the upper frame, plateauxdemonstrating the integer quantum Hall effectcorrespond to where the Fermi level falls in an area oflocalized states between neighbouring Landau levels.

The lower frame depicts the same parameters, collectedat a slower field ramp, allowing the Shubnikov-de Haasoscillations to be resolved in regions of comparativelylower magnetic field strength.

Sample provided by M. Pendharkar, ChrisPalmstrøm Group, University of California SantaBarbara

A typical response of the three properties measured bythe TTO (thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient,electrical resistivity) are all shown, along with thecalculated thermoelectric figure of merit ZT, for thenickel reference sample included with the option.

“The system expands our suite ofinstrumentation, adding a newlow temperature physics researchcapability. We found the QDUKISales and Service team veryresponsive and everything hasbeen dealt with very efficientlyand professionally.”

QD have supported Materials

Characterisation systems for more than

35 years and are a leading manufacturer

in this field.

Researchers in theDepartment ofPhysics atUniversity of Yorkare looking forwardto working with theQuantum DesignVersalab systemDr Stuart Cavill, Deputy Co-ordinator ofthe Condensed Matter Research Group atthe University of York comments that...

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Parts andConsumables

Applications TeamNotes andDownloads

The UK Service Department offers fast front line local support to users within the UK and Ireland. We are backed by our extensive and experienced European Service Department, based in Darmstadt Germany, and by our US Service Department and Factory Engineers, based in the Quantum Design Headquarters in San Diego, California. We offer helpful advice and can work with you to find individual solutions to your particular application.

Already a customer? Please use the service email forany service issues service@qd-uki.co.uk

Pharos is an online repository of > 1,000 files related to the use of allQuantum Design measurement systems, measurement

options, and other distributed products

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ElectricalTransport Head

Heat CapacitySampleMountingStation

read the app note

read the app note

A superconducting transition is shown for asample of NbTi alloy near 9 K. The open bluecircles indicate data collected using the defaultcurve fitting technique on a number of smallheat pulses while the smaller closed red pointswere acquired using the slope-fitting analysis ofa single large heat pulse.

Temperature dependence of the resistance of amagnetite (Fe3O4) mineral sample. The high-resistance data is collected using the 2-probe(high impedance) mode, while the rest of therange is covered by the more conventional 4-probe configuration for increased sensitivity.Note that the Verwey transition can be resolvednear 120 K..

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Contact us here at QuantumDesign UK and Ireland to

discuss your applications.

COLOUR CENTRES FORQUANTUM INFORMATIONPROCESSING

VIRTUAL TOUR THROUGHQDE’S APPLICATIONLABORATORIES

CRYOGENIC PROBINGPLATFORMS

Materials and Device Development - including discuss keyapplications, including wafer-level Hall effect, transistorcharacterisation, Raman studies, ferroelectric material and devicemeasurements, and wafer-level microwave characterisation.

Practical Experimental Considerations for Characterising and TuningQuantum Emitters Using a High-NA, Low Vibration CryogenicEnvironment.

Glance behind the scenes to see real cryogenic and magneticmeasurements

BY MONTANA INSTRUMENTS, WITH PHYSICS WORLD TODAY

2

1

BY QUANTUM DESIGN EUROPE

3

BY LAKE SHORE CRYOTRONICS

watch now

watch now

watch now

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WATCH CRYO WEBINARSDon't miss out on the best webinars in the field of Cryogenics

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K1 8

Interested in knowing more about how to correctly install a sensor ina cryogenic application and to avoid common installation errors?Then watch this recording of an Institute of Physics (IOP) webinarpresented by Dr. Scott Courts, Lake Shore Senior Scientist.

watch now

CRYOGENIC SENSORS:INSTALLATION TECHNIQUESFOR SUCCESS

7

BY LAKE SHORE CRYOTRONICS

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K2 1

BROADBANDFERROMAGNETICRESONANCE: CRYOFMR

THERMAL TRANSPORTOPTION

A webinar from Quantum Design featuring the NanOsc CryoFMR FMRSpectrometer

Learn more about our Thermal Transport option for the PPMS,DynaCool, and VersaLab platforms. Including: Measurement theory,hardware overview, measurement procedure (sample mounting,sequence writing), data quality evaluation, maintenance.

BY QUANTUM DESIGN USA

5

4

BY QUANTUM DESIGN USA

watch now

watch now

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K2 0

watch now

PROBING MAGNETODYNAMICSAT NANOSECOND TIMESCALESAND BEYOND

Quantum Design’s latest efforts to enable high frequencymagnetodynamic measurements of both fundamentally interestingand technologically relevant materials at ultra-short timescales.

BY QUANUM DESIGN EUROPE

6

Cernox® thin filmresistance cryogenictemperature sensors

offer significantadvantages over

comparable bulk or thickfilm resistance sensors

The smaller package size of these thin film sensorsmakes them useful in a broader range ofexperimental mounting schemes, and they arealso available in a chip form.

Cernox®

Cernox™ ResistanceTemperature Sensorsfor High Energy PhysicsApplications

The cryogenic temperature sensing requirements ofsuperconducting magnets used in high energyphysics accelerators present a unique challenge.The sensors must operate at cryogenictemperatures below 4.2 K with low magnetic field-induced calibration offsets at fields ranging to 10 T.They must provide high resolution with fastresponse times to detect potential superconductingmagnet quenches. The sensors must be stable overtime and thermal cycling with low radiation-inducedcalibration offsets up the anticipated accumulateddose over the lifetime of the accelerator.

TEMPERATURE SENSORS FOR

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS APPLICATIONS

This combination of unique requirements severely limitstemperature sensor choices for monitoringsuperconducting magnets. Cernox™ resistancetemperature sensors, manufactured by Lake ShoreCryotronics, Inc., were specifically designed anddeveloped for the purpose of monitoringsuperconducting magnets used in high energyaccelerator facilities and meet the criteria required forthis application. This work details performancespecifications for Cernox resistance temperaturesensors with regard to their suitability for high energyphysics applications.

Read the full white paper

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K2 3

240 Series Input Module

The new 240 Series offers a convenient, modularinput solution for precision monitoring of cryogenictemperature sensors in large-scale applicationsemploying distributed PLC-based control.

Lake Shore benchtop cryogenic instruments aretrusted throughout the world for precisiontemperature measurement—now that samemeasurement performance can be achieved in widelydistributed high energy applications like particleaccelerators and fusion reactors as well as otherlarge industrial sites.

SIMPLIFY ING LARGE -SCALE CRYOGENIC

TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT

Integrates seamlessly with industry-leading Lake Shore Cernox® RTDs,

platinum RTDs and DT 670 silicondiodes, providing the ideal solution for

performing temperature measurementsover a PLC network

Native support for PROFIBUS, allowingthis module to be integrated into a wide

range of PLC networks

Temperature values are communicateddirectly with the PLC master device,removing the need to use additional

costly analog conversion equipment orcomplex PLC programming to generate

temperature values

Measurement circuitry based on LakeShore’s industry leading benchtop

instruments, allowing for longer cableruns between sensor and module; idealfor applications where sensors must be

located in hazardous environments

Normal mode with EMF-cancellationand signal filtering for the bestmeasurement possible or high-speedmode for the fastest notification of atemperature change

A high-quality OLED display on thefront of the unit provides helpfulstatus and measurement data; this isin addition to being able to accessthis information via the PLC networkor the local USB connection

Convenient pluggable connectorsallow individual sensors to bedisconnected for maintenance withoutlosing readings from other sensors onthe same module

Easy DIN rail mounting withintegrated rear connections allowingpower and fieldbus communicationsto be shared between modulesF

EA

TU

RE

SFocus On:

TEMPERATURE SENSORS

learn more

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K2 2

DR JOSHUA ROGERSDURHAM UNIVERSITY

We use our C2 Cryostation tomaintain our thin semiconductorsamples at 4 K while we makemeasurements with a high powerpulsed laser. Our data acquisitionpatterns require us to maintain theseconditions for days or weeks at a timewith minimal interruption.

We have found the Cryostation to bean extremely low-maintenance systemthat has placed negligible demands onour time and budget to operatecontinuously for over 2 years andcounting. We observe good stability inboth temperature and mechanicalperformance.

We have also received excellent post-sale support. QD UKI provided a fulltechnical training and installationservice and Montana have been happyto provide design information that hasenabled us to fabricate bespokeaccessories and integrate theinstrument more closely into our widerexperimental system.

Overall, the Cryostation’s mostappealing characteristic is howeasy and convenient it has provedto be, enabling us to focus on theaspects of our research projectthat deserve the most attention.”

C2 CRYOSTATION"

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K2 5

Download today

View the C2 Cryostation

READ MORE >

elium Conservation Day takes

place on the anniversary of the

ground-breaking work by Dutch

physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes

at the University of Leiden in the

Netherlands which led to the first

liquefaction of liquid helium.

10th July

“We need to be good

stewards for earth’s precious

resources and we have

developed methodologies

and equipment that capture,

recycle and reuse helium for

our use and to help our

customers.

Our product development

has always focused on

optimising the consumption

of liquid helium and we will

continue to do so.

Thank you for helping us

recognise the need for

conservation and recycling.

Let’s all go green for

helium.”

Greg DeGeller, President of

Quantum Design

HELIUMCONSERVATION

"As well as floating balloons andmaking your voice sound funny,

helium plays a crucial role in scienceand medicine – thanks to its

cryogenic properties. "

H

DR JOSHUA ROGERS , DURHAM

UNIVERSITY

The Montana Cryostation lies at the heartof a number of experiments in my group.The Cryo-Optic add-on allows us to performoptical spectroscopy on single organicmolecules at low temperature with excellentcollected photon count rates from the in-vacuum high-NA objective. The systemreaches a base temperature low enough toobserve atomically-narrow resonances inthese molecules, making them suitable foruse in quantum technology.

The automated temperature control allowsus to investigate the effects of phonon-induced dephasing with ease, while theintegrated nano-positioning system andsample holder – designed in collaborationwith Montana Instruments and QD-UK – isfully compatible with the nanophotonicdevices we are investigating at lowtemperature.

Dr Alex S. Clark

Centre for Cold Matter

Imperial College London

All of our experiments benefit from the lowvibrations seen in the Montana Cryostation,from stable coupling to nanophotonicwaveguides to diffraction-limited confocalmicroscopy. The support we have receivedfrom QD-UK has been excellent – they areeasily contactable should issues arise andare very open to collaborative problemsolving to expedite finding a solution.

Having all of this in a closed-cyclesystem that does not require thepurchase of expensive andincreasingly rare liquid helium is theicing on the cake.”

View the C2 Cryostation

"

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K2 6

• 160 and 250 litre capacity dewars (for labs

that prefer larger transfers)

• Improved liquefaction rates at 1 PSIg so

helium is ready when you need it

• Newly-designed purifier that offers same

industry-leading performance in a smaller size

• Optional variable speed compressors that

provide energy efficiency and longer life of

cold heads

• New simplified software with intuitive user

interface for easier operation

• Wide range of custom recovery systems

available for needs small and large, including

direct recovery and recovery systems with

medium and high-pressure storage

Quantum Design’snewest

helium recovery technology provides:

“ W e w e r e m o s t s u r p r i s e d b y t h eh i g h l e v e l o f H e l i u m r e c o v e r y m a d e

p o s s i b l e b y t h e A T L s y s t e m . ”

S e r v i c i o s C i e n t í f i c o - T é c n i c o s ,U n i v e r s i t y o f O v i e d o

THE NEXTGENERATION OFHELIUMRECOVERY

Quantum Des ign Launches the

NexGen & ATL L ique f i e r s and

Pur i f i e r s

I N T R O D U C I N G . . .

Quantum Design’s liquefiers and heliumrecovery systems allow you to recycle thehelium gas currently being lost from thenormal boil off and helium transfers ofyour cryogenic instruments. An adaptablehelium recycling solution for research andmedical cryostats, these helium liquefiersand recovery systems allow you toalways have access to a supply of liquidhelium without being reliant on suppliersof cryogens or subject to unpredictableprice changes.

Physics Department, Leiden University

“The small liquefiers are easyto use and can deliver 500-600litres per week to satisfy our

institution’s needs.”

W W W . Q D - U K I . C O . U K2 9

University of Cambridge – Quantum

Sensors Group

CASESTUDY

Accurate magnetic field measurement is often achallenge in fundamental research scenarios,particularly when dealing with vector fields incryogenic environments. Cryogenic conditionsrule out many of the clever newmonolithic/integrated 3-axis Hall probes thatinclude signal conditioning circuitry in thesensor itself.

The case study included the Lake Shore HGCT-3020 cryogenic Hall sensor and the 2Dex plug-and-play Hall sensor (Lake Shore 2X-250-FT-1CBL-2 connected to F71 teslameter).

Planar Hall Effect Investigation inCryogenic Environment

The Quantum Sensors Group atCambridge University developsultrasensitive superconductingdetectors to detect radiationacross the electromagneticspectrum.

2Dex Hall sensors paired with a Lake Shoreteslameter have been demonstrated to providesuperior measurements when compared toprevious generation gaussmeters and InAs Hallsensors. Measurement errors as a result ofoffset voltages and the planar Hall effect areeliminated, as well as seeing an improvement inmeasurement resolution

Read the full casestudy here

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Whether you have a largelaboratory or small, with manycryogen-using instruments or justone, Quantum Design has a heliumrecycling option perfectly suitedfor you. Helium Recycling Systemscan be individually configured for avariety of laboratory sizes andtypes. All recycling systems havefully integrated components withmost functions being automatedor very easily operated.

Recycling systems can be usedwith a wide range of cryogenicinstruments including NMR, MRI,MEG and other assorted cryostats.Custom fittings and connectionsare available for a wide range ofinstruments to allow for seamlessintegration into your laboratory orscanning center. Fail-safeprotections are built into everystage of our recycling systems sothat in the occurrence of anaccident, the rest of the recyclingsystem and your cryogenicinstruments are protected fromdamage or contamination.

Break yourdependence oncryogen suppliersand no longer besubject to highercosts andundependablesupplyQ U A N T U M D E S I G N

You can do your part toconserve a precious

natural resource whichis vital to scientific

research and medicaltreatment.

Liquid HeliumYour Way

View the Helium Recovery Range

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Quantum Design MPMS ®3The Quantum Design MPMS 3 enables a greater range ofmagnetic and electrical measurements to be performed. Aswell as the study of novel materials such as magnetocaloric(MCE) materials, the MPMS 3 can be used to investigatesuperconductors, magnetic nanoparticles, 2D materials, 3Dprinted permanent magnets and inorganic magnetic oxides, asa function of temperature and magnetic field.

“The MPMS 3 is by far thebest magnetometer on themarket.

It is a sizeable upgrade on previous

MPMS models and it allows quicker,

more accurate measurements, while its

cryogen-free operation slashes

running cost to a mere fraction of the

older systems. And it is generally much

easier to use.

In my case, I often work on materials

where the magnetism is extremely

weak.

The MPMS 3 provides a much more

accurate determination of the

magnetic properties for these kind of

materials.”

Dr Otto Mustonen,

Postdoctoral Research Associate

at the University of Sheffield

Dr Otto Mustonen, Postdoctoral ResearchAssociate at the University of Sheffield, hasbeen using the Henry Royce Institute’s MPMS3 to carry out research in the field of quantummaterials, where quantum effects are strongand lead to novel properties and phenomena.

Materials with strong quantum magnetism canlead to very exotic magnetic states such asquantum spin liquids, and the resultingmaterials could potentially be used forquantum informatics applications, which inturn could form the building blocks of anentirely new type of quantum computer.

QuantumMaterialsResearch

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Superconducting Quantum InterferenceDevice (SQUID) magnetometers are vitalinstruments in the study of magneticmaterials. The high sensitivity of theequipment means that they allow for amuch more accurate determination ofmagnetic properties on materials where themagnetism is extremely weak.

The Henry Royce Institute funded SQUIDMPMS 3 is regularly being used by theUniversity of Sheffield’s Functional MagneticsGroup, as well as the wider Sheffield researchcommunity. It has enabled the study of novelmagnetic materials such as magnetocaloric(MCE) materials, whose characterisationrequires their magnetisation to be measuredover a wide temperature and magnetic fieldrange.

CASESTUDY

Squid Enables HighlyAccurate Study ofMagnetic Materials

The system has allowed them to study a rangeof these materials, as it has a wide temperaturecapability from 2.5K to 1000K and magneticfields up to 7 T. For thin film research, the in-plane rotator has enabled us to study the in-plane anisotropy of new magnetic alloys.

Prof Nicola Morley, Professor of MaterialsPhysics at the University of Sheffield, has beenoverseeing the Henry Royce Institute’s MPMS 3system and, along with her group, is using it tocarry out world leading research on novel softmagnetic materials such as high entropy alloys.The research aims to discover new functionalmagnetic materials for applications, such astransformers, actuators and magnetic-refrigeration.

“The MPMS 3 system is an ideal system formaterial discovery research, as a highthroughput of samples can be measured quicklyand easily at room temperature, with those ofinterest being investigated further over a widetemperature and magnetic field range. ”

Prof Nicola Morley, Professor of Materials Physicsat the University of Sheffield

"THE OPTION OF ACSUSCEPTIBILITY, AS WELL AS

SAMPLE ROTATION ALLOWS FOR ACOMPLETE STUDY OF THESE NEW

MAGNETIC MATERIALS.”

Prof Nicola Morley

HENRY ROYCE INSTITUTE

COOLINGDOWN

This video shows thesimplicity of preparingand mounting a samplewith the QuantumDesign DynaCool withVSM option.

It shows how to use theVSM option of a PPMS-DynaCool – fromsample mounting tosequence writing. Youcan spot the datapoints growing and theinstrument coolingdown to 2 K.

Play the video:

V I B R A T I N G S A M P L E M E A S U R E M E N T

V i d e o b yQ u a n t u m

D e s i g n E u r o p e

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“We believed that the change ofoxidation state may lead to achange in the magneticproperties that were significantenough to be picked up by theMPMS 3, and we were correct.Other magnetometers are notsufficiently sensitive to detectsuch a small concentration of Feions with a different oxidationstate.”

Dr Linhao LiResearch Associate at the University of Sheffield

Metal OxidesResearch

Dr Linhao Li, Research Associate at theUniversity of Sheffield, works predominantlyon metal oxides, researching their electricalproperties such as conduction mechanisms,dielectric properties and piezoelectricproperties.

He has used the MPMS 3 to determine thechange of oxidation state of Fe ion in dopedBismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) ceramics underdifferent processing conditions. However, theconcentration of Fe ions with changedoxidation state is relatively low and thereforehard to be verified by other techniques.

Impact

"Having access to the SQUID MPMS 3, whichis the best magnetometer available, isenabling us to carry out far more advancedresearch in the area of magnetics.

The system has more than 15 trained usersfrom the departments of Physics, Chemistry,Medicine and Materials Science, and we’ll beable to continue to train more people to beable to investigate further the properties ofnovel functional materials."

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Want to see your Case Study included in thenext edition? Contact QDUKI today and we'd

be happy to work with you to put it together..

PUBLICATIONSWhite papers, articles and App Notes

OVERVIEW

OF

THERMOMETRY

GENERALTHERMOMETRYANDTEMPERATURESCALES

QUANTUM

COMPUTING IN

CRYOGENIC

SYSTEMS

KEYS FOROPTIMISING AQUANTUMCOMPUTINGEXPERIMENT

Cryogenic

Temperature

Controllers

FUNDAMENTALSFOR USAGE

OptiCool Stray

Fields

CONTOURS OFTHE MAGNETICFIELD

Influence of

the sample

mounting

ON THERMALCONDUCTANCEMEASUREMENTSUSING PPMS TTOOPTION

Is Higher

Resistance

Better?

NEGATIVETEMPERATURECOEFFICIENTTEMPERATURESENSORS

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IN THE NEWS

READ MORE >

READ MORE >

READ MORE >

  rofessor Rick Averitt (UCSD Physics) and

Jovan Nelson (Stern Group, Northwestern

University) discuss their latest research using

OptiCool, PLUS a recent publication:

Magnetoelastic coupling to coherent acoustic

phonon modes in the ferrimagnetic insulator

GdTiO3

P

LATEST RESEARCHWITH OPTICOOL

all effect measurements are a

fundamental tool for semiconductor

material characterisation. However, the

challenge with some Hall voltage

measurements is that they can be at low

voltage levels, and at these levels, error

terms can significantly impact the quality

of the measurement. This new technical

note addresses the most common of these

errors and recommends methods to either

eliminate or minimise such errors to

achieve quality Hall effect measurements.

UNDERSTANDING &MINIMISING ERRORS THATCAN INTERFERE WITH HALLEFFECT MEASUREMENTS

H

CRYOGEN I C S NOW

  any researchers employ low temperatures

in their optical cavity experiments to reduce

phonon broadening and enable material

observations inaccessible at room

temperature. For researchers studying optical

cavities, there are experimental considerations

that extend beyond simply achieving

cryogenic temperatures. Factors such as

temperature stability, ultra-low vibrations and

accelerations, and the demands of sustaining

a cryogenic environment for days, weeks, or

even months deserve heightened importance

when working at low temperatures.

Montana Instruments considers two

experiments which were configured to

perform cavity physics at cryogenic

temperatures, and also discusses recent

advances in closed-cycle technology which

will reduce the barrier to entry of performing

low temperature optical cavity experiments.

M

MITIGATINGTHERMAL ANDVIBRATIONAL NOISEWHITE PAPER

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Material Characterisation

Cryogenics - Lake Shore

Cryogenics Range

Further reading:

cryogenicsIssue No. 1 | Quantum Design UK and Ireland

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