low tunnel film
TRANSCRIPT
PRESENTED BY:- ARGHYA PALPRESENTED BY:- ARGHYA PALCOMPANY GUIDE:- MR. DEBABRATA DE ,COMPANY GUIDE:- MR. DEBABRATA DE , MR. ATUL KUMAR DIWANMR. ATUL KUMAR DIWAN
COLLEGE GUIDE:- MR.AMIT KUNDUCOLLEGE GUIDE:- MR.AMIT KUNDU
Contents Introduction Objective Methodology
Primary ResearchSecondary Research
Potential and Supply Estimation Subsidies Conclusion Limitation Recommendation References
Introduction Agriculture Agriculture is the practice of cultivating About 70% of the total population of West Bengal
depends on farming for their livelihood. The era of Modern Agriculture
begins with the invention of Low tunnel
Mulch, Polyhouse, Greenhouse latest
irrigation techniques, such as
Drip Irrigation, Sprinkler Irrigation.
Major Crops in West Bengal
District Major CropsBurdwan Rice, potato,wheat,legumes
Bankura Rice,wheat,legumes
Birbhum rice, wheat, maize, legumes, sugarcane and mangoes
Cooch behar pulses, tea, rice, jute, tobacco, wheat, and potatoes.
Darjeeling tea
Hooghly rice, jute, sugarcane, and potatoes
Howrah rice, potatoes, coconut, and jute
Jalpaiguri tea
Malda mulberry and mango
Murshidabad rice, wheat, jute, legumes, oilseeds, and barley
North 24 parganas rice, jute, coconuts, potatoes, wheat
Plasticulture The term Plasticulture is used to describe the broad and
general use of plastics in agriculture. The use of Plasticulture in the form of plastic mulch, low
tunnels , polyhouses, greenhouses .
Mulch- Plastic mulch is commonly used to control weeds in the crop row, moderate soil temperature and conserve water in the plant root zone.
Plasticulture continues……
Low Tunnel- The low tunnel is a prototype of greenhouse that is used in cultivation of seedlings, low height vegetables.
Plasticulture continues……
Polyhouses- The polyhouses are structured with UV stabilized polyethylene film .
Plasticulture continues……
Greenhouses- A greenhouse is a structure with a glass or plastic roof and frequently glass or plastic walls.
Low Tunnel Film The low tunnel is a prototype of
greenhouse that is used in cultivation of seedlings, low height vegetables.
The plastic transparent film allows the gain of temperature during the day, making easier the growing of the plants, protecting the crops from the impact of the rain, hail storm, cold wind and low temperatures.
Use for: Growing seedlings of flowers & vegetables such as, cauliflower, brinjal, capsicum, cabbage, cucurbits, lettuce, raspberries, strawberries, tomatoes, etc.
Use of low tunnel :-
Maintaining required root temperatures for high quality plants
Protect crop from heavy rain and other climatic aggressions
Minimizing day/night temperature fluctuation
Stopping soil from drying out
Controlling insects and varmints
Protect crop against sun radiation with UV protection
Advantages of low tunnel :-
Earlier crops by 10 to 20 days
More uniform yields
Greater yields growth
Crop is protected from cold, wind, storm, rain, hail and frost.
Incidence of disease and pests is reduced or eliminated.
Crops can be grown throughout the year.
Objective
To estimate the potential of Low Tunnel Film and
To map current usage of Low Tunnel Film in West Bengal
Methodology
1. Briefing by the Project Guide
2. Drawing of the Project Plan
3. Approval of the Project Plan by the project guide
4. Secondary Research
- Study of Low Tunnel Film
5. Primary Data Collection
6. Analysis of Collected Data
7. Preparation of the presentation
Primary Data Collection - Amending the Questionnaire for individual interview
RESPONDENTS : 13 interaction with DHOs of WB
- North 24-Parganas, South 24-Parganas, Dakhshindinajpur, Purulia, Birbhum, Siliguri Mahakuma Parishad , Malda, Nadia, Purba Medinipur, Coochbehar, Uttardinajpur, Hoogly, Burdwan
Meeting with 3 Horticulturists (Nadia-Ranaghat, South 24 Parganas-KVK Nimpith, Kolkata- Mayukh Bhawan) and ADO (Howrah- Amta block)
Interaction with Field Consultant (Hooghly) and farmer (Nadia)
Interaction with –Manufacturer with no distribution outlet
Manufacturer with distribution outlet
Dealers of other districts
Pragya Polymer Essaar Sales Rangmahal (Howrah- Andul)
Shree Plastics Bharat Plastic Kamala Stores (Andul)
Kanak Polymers B.Plast Chatterjee Hardware (Andul)
Sanhit Polymer Seven Star Dasakarma (Bagnan)
Ecoplast Union Polythene Co. Malaxmi Bhandar (Bagnan)
Deepak Plastic Agarwal Plastic Loknath Hardware (Bagnan)
Mondal Brothers Polythene Paper House (South 24 parganas-Jaynagar)
Mondal Company
Mahadeb Plastic
Rama Plastic
A.A.Trading Company
Panja Plasto Company
Secondary Data Collectionwww.ist-world.org
www.krishisewa.com
www.agricultureinformation.com
www.napcomodern.com
www.sciencedirect.com
www.bikado.com
http://agsyst.wsu.edu/plasticulture.html
Crops Under Consideration
Assumptions : Usage of 50 micron film for the production of vegetables and
flowers. Considering the size of the land as 1 acre(4047 sq. meter) Number of seedlings from one bed is 500.
Vegetables Flowers Fruits
Cauliflower Rose Banana
Cabbage Glandulous Guava
Capsicum Chrysanthemum Mango
Tomato Marigold Papaya
Brinjal Sunflower Pineapple
Sapota
Film required for Cauliflower in 1 acre land
No. of seedlings for 1 bigha = 4500No. of seedlings for 1 bed = 500No. of beds = 9Now, considering a bed of dimension 3 sq. meterWidth=1m Length=3 mSo , the weight of Low Tunnel Film for 1 bed= r l * density of film * thickness= (3.14*0.5*3*925*50) / 10^6 = 0.22 kgTotal film required for 1 bigha = 0.22*9= 1.98 kg.Total film required for 1 acre= 1.98 kg*3= 5.94 kg. ShowShow
Films required for seedlings
Vegetables Total film (kg) for 1 acre
Total film(kg) for 1 ha.
Total cultivation area in 000’s ha (2009-10)
Total Demand of film (in kg)
Total Demand of film (in tonnes)
Cauliflower 5.94 14.85 69.2 1027620 1027.62
Cabbage 5.94 14.85 74.2 1101870 1101.87
Capsicum 3.96 9.9 52 514800 514.8
Tomato 3.3 8.25 53.5 441375 441.375
Brinjal 1.98 4.95 156.8 776160 776.16
Total Film 3861.825 tonnes
Films required for Flowers
Show
Total film (kg) for 1 acre
Total film(kg) for 1 ha.
Total cultivation area in 000’s ha (2008-09)
Total Demand of film (in kg)
Total Demand of film (in tonnes)
5.28 13.2 21.1 278520 278.52
Total Film 278.52tonnes
Films required for growing saplings of Fruits
Assumptions : Usage of 200 micron film for the fruit saplings. Its
density is 0.925 g/cc Considering the size of the land as 1 hectare Number of saplings from 1 ha is 400-450. Total area for cultivating sapling is 200-250 sq.meter
Films required for growing saplings of Fruits
Show
Fruits Total film (kg) for 1
ha.
Total cultivation
area in 000’s ha(2008-09)
Total Demand of film (in kg)
Total Demand of
film (in tonnes)
Banana 73.16 39.8 2911768 2911.768
Guava 73.16 12.5 914500 914.5
Mango 73.16 86 6291760 6291.76
Papaya 73.16 10.8 790128 790.128
Pineapple 73.16 9.6 702336 702.336
Sapota 73.16 3.8 278008 278.008
Total film required 11888.5 tonnes
Film required for growing vegetables
Assumption:
Considering 20% of land is cultivated
under low tunnel film
Considering the dimension of bed as
1.5m *100 m
Thickness = 50 micron
No. of beds per ha. = 66
Calculation of Demand of Low Tunnels Films for crop cultivation (2009-10)
No. of beds per ha. = 66
Weight of film required for one bed
= r l * density of film * thickness
=(3.14*0.75*100*925*50)/1000000
= 10.89188 kg.
= 718.8638 kg.
Demand of Low Tunnels Films for crop cultivation (2009-10)
Crops
Total area under cultivation in 000's ha.
Total area under cultivation in 000's ha.
Total film(kg) for 1
ha.
Total Demand of film (in kg)
Total Demand of film (in tonnes)
Cauliflower 69.2 13.84 718.9 9949576 9949.576
Cabbage 74.2 14.84 718.9 10668476 10668.476
Capsicum 52 10.4 718.9 7476560 7476.56
Total 28094.612
Supply Side of Low Supply Side of Low Tunnel Films Tunnel Films
Manufacturer & Distributor of West Bengal Details
Manufacturer Production per year(in tonnes)
Supply of Low Tunnel Film per year(in tonnes)
Pragya Polymer 960 100
Shree Plastics 800 120
Kanak Polymers 500 30
Sanhit Polymer 720 120
Ecoplast 650 100
Deepak Plastic 240 50
Essaar Sales 450 60
Bharat Plastic 1500 180
Total quantity supply of Low Tunnel Film per year (in tonnes)
760
Other Manufacturer & Distributor
Manufacturers Name Total Quantity per year (in tonnes)
Union Polythene Company 70
B.Plast 75
Seven Star 25
Agarwal Plastic 15
Mondal Brothers 12
Mondal Company 59
Mahadeb Plastic 10
Rama Plastic 12
A.A.Trading Company 12
Panja Plasto Company 10
Total quantity supply per year (in tonnes)
300
Total 1060 tonnes per year
Demand Supply AnalysisPotential
Seedlings Vegetables – 3.8 KT Flowers – 0.28 KT Fruits – 11.8 KT
Crop cultivation Vegetables – 28 KT
Total : 43.88 KT
Considering 2 Yr. Life span
Total Potential : 22 KTA
SupplyManufacturer & Distributor-
1.06 KTA
Untapped Potential : 21
KTA
Outcome of Survey:-
For Low Tunnel Film:
Width of the film is 36”,42”, 54”.
Thickness is 25, 40, 50, 65 micron.
Type of this film is UV and Non UV Stabilized
Season : Rainy season (July to October), Winter (December
to January).
Used at: seedlings of vegetables - Tomato, Cauliflower,
Cabbage, Capsicum
flowers – Rose, Glandulous, Chrysanthemum, Marigold,
Sunflower.
Outcome continues….
Used in: growing seedlings at under low cost Polyhouse .
This film should be locally available to the farmers
Major Used in Districts
Nadia, North and South 24 Parganas, Purba Medinipur, Howrah, Jalpaiguri, Siliguri Mahakuma Parishad, Coochbehar
Low Tunnel Film is used in other districts in a small amount
Subsidies
Under National Horticulture Mission, for Low Tunnel 50% of cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 5000/- per 1000 sq. meter limited to 5 ha per beneficiary.
Conclusion The peak season of using this film is the Rainy season
(July to September) for protecting the crops from natural hazards and for South and North Bengal the Rainy and Winter (December-January) is the peak season.
For growing the seedlings of flowers ,it is used throughout the year.
Kolkata (Burrabazar) is the main market which caters to whole market of West Bengal (approx)
The Total Quantity of Low Tunnel Film used in West Bengal: 1060 tonnes per year
Conclusion continues……
The price of the Low Tunnel Film
UV Stabilized – Rs.140/- to 160/- per kg Non UV Stabilized- Rs. 70/- to 80/- per kg
The benefit gained by the farmers are disseminated to the other farmers- leads to faster acceptance of this film.
The campaign by HPL for plasticulture development catalyzes the usage of this film.
By establishing distribution network in the districts with proper quality and in price will help faster penetration .
Recommendation Requires more awareness campaign with the farmers
in block/ GP levels. The Availability of the local market should be
increased. More focus should be given for promotion of UV
stabilized film. By establishing distribution network in the districts
with proper quality and in price will help faster penetration.
Farmers to be educated on tunnel design and fabrication suitable for various crops.
Limitation Since this product is traded through unorganized
sector , it is very difficult to assess exact demand of this film.
Respondents sometimes furnished wrong information out of their casual approach.
The respondents were not ready to furnish the information required readily.
References District Horticulture Officers (DHO)
Horticulturists
ADO
Field Consultant
Thank You
Calculation of film required for Fruits
No. of saplings from 1 ha = 400 No. of saplings from 1 bed = 100No. of beds = 4Now, considering a bed of dimension 1.5m * 42 mWidth=1.5m Length=42 mSo , the weight of Low Tunnel Film for 1 bed= r l * density of film * thickness= (3.14*0.75*42*925*50) / 10^6 = 18.29 kgTotal film required for 1 ha = 18.29*4 = 73.16 kg.
Back
Film required for Cabbage in 1 acre land
No. of seedlings from 1 bigha = 4500
No. of seedlings from 1 bed = 500
No. of beds = 9
Now, considering a bed of dimension 3 sq. meter
Width=1m Length=3 m
So , the weight of Low Tunnel Film for 1 bed
= r l * density of film * thickness
= (3.14*0.5*3*925*50) / 10^6 = 0.22 kg
Total film required for 1 bigha = 0.22*9= 1.98 kg.
Total film required for 1 acre= 1.98 kg*3= 5.94 kg.
Film required for Capsicum in 1 acre land
No. of seedlings from 1 bigha = 3000
No. of seedlings from 1 bed = 500
No. of beds = 6
Now, considering a bed of dimension 3 sq. meter
Width=1m Length=3 m
So , the weight of Low Tunnel Film for 1 bed
= r l * density of film * thickness
= (3.14*0.5*3*925*50) / 10^6 = 0.22 kg
Total film required for 1 bigha = 0.22*6= 1.32 kg.
Total film required for 1 acre= 1.32*3= 3.96 kg.
Film required for Tomato in 1 acre land
No. of seedlings from 1 bigha = 2500
No. of seedlings from 1 bed = 500
No. of beds = 5
Now, considering a bed of dimension 3 sq. meter
Width=1m Length=3 m
So , the weight of Low Tunnel Film for 1 bed
= r l * density of film * thickness
= (3.14*0.5*3*925*50) / 10^6 = 0.22 kg.
Total film required for 1 bigha = 0.22*5= 1.1 kg.
Total film required for 1 acre= 1.1*3= 3.3 kg.
Film required for Brinjal in 1 acre land
No. of seedlings from 1 bigha = 1500No. of seedlings from 1 bed = 500No. of beds = 3Now, considering a bed of dimension 3 sq. meterWidth=1m Length=3 mSo , the weight of Low Tunnel Film for 1 bed= r l * density of film * thickness= (3.14*0.5*3*925*50) / 10^6 = 0.22 kgTotal film required for 1 bigha = 0.22*3= 0.66 kg.Total film required for 1 acre= 0.66 kg *3= 1.98 kg. BackBack
Film required for Flowers in 1 acre land
No. of seedlings for 1 bigha = 4000
No. of seedlings for 1 bed = 500
No. of beds = 8
Now, considering a bed of dimension 3 sq. meter
Width=1m Length=3 m
So , the weight of Low Tunnel Film for 1 bed
= r l * density of film * thickness
= (3.14*0.5*3*925*50) / 10^6 = 0.22 kg
Total film required for 1 bigha = 0.22*8= 1.76 kg.
Total film required for 1 acre= 1.76*3= 5.28 kg.
Back