louis sullivan

Louis Henry Sullivan (1856 -1924)

He was an American architect, and has been called the

"father of skyscrapers" and "father of modernism".

Born: September 3, 1856, Boston,

Massachusetts, U.S

Died: April 14, 1924(age 67), Chicago,

Illinois, U.S

Education: Massachusetts Institute of

Technology, English High School of Boston

Awards: AIA Gold Medal in 1944

CONTRIBUTION TO MODERN ARCHITECTURE

• HE CONTEND ARCHITECTURE WAS FUNDAMENTALLY AN EXPRESSION OF SOCIAL LIFE AND SET

NEW COMMUNITY AESTHETICS IN HIS SET OF EIGHT BANKS.

• HE ULTIMATELY DESIGNED THE MOST DISTINCTIVE TREATMENT FOR TALL BUILDINGS.

• SULLIVAN WAS CONCERNED WITH AESTHETICS OF STRUCTURES AND DEVELOPED A UNIQUE

STYLE OF ORNAMENTATION.

• HIS PROFESSION WAS HIS APPROACH TO DESIGN IN THEIR RECOGNITION OF THE IDEA THAT

FORM MUST FOLLOW FUNCTION.

"It is the pervading law of all things organic, and inorganic,

of all things physical and metaphysical,

of all things human and all things super-human,

of all true manifestations of the head, of the heart, of the soul, that the life

is recognizable in its expression, that form ever follows function. This is

the law."

His Famous Quote:

Ornament and structure were integral; their

subtle rhythm sustained a high emotional

tension, yet produced a sense of serenity.

But the building's identity resided in the

ornament.

Sullivan's philosophy that "form follows

function" became one of the basic principles

of twentieth century architecture, and was

one of the foundations of Prairie School

style

design

design

He uses simple GEOMETRIC

FORMS

But highly

O R N A M E N TA L

design

design

SIMPLE LEAF- FORMS

COMPOUND LEAF- FORMS

MANIPULATION OF THE ORGANIC

design

Sullivan developed a style of ornamentation

reflected nature through symmetrical use of stylized foliage & weaving

geometric forms

design

Another signature element of Sullivan's work is the massive, semi-

circular arch.

Sullivan employed such arches throughout his career—in shaping entrances,

in framing windows, or as interior design.

design

various

TERRA COTTA

D E C O R AT I O N i n

design

Public buildings

Auditorium Building,1989

Chicago, Illinois

office buildings

Wainwright

Building

St. Louis

(1890)

Guaranty Building

(formerly Prudential Building)

Buffalo,NY (1894)

design

Bank buildings

National Farmer's Bank ,

Owatonna, Minnesota(1908)

People's Federal Savings and Loan

Association, Sidney, Ohio(1917)

Farmers and Merchants Union

Bank, Columbus, Wisconsin(1919 )

Merchants' National Bank,

Grinnell, Iowa(1914)

design

churches

Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox

Cathedral and Rectory,

Chicago (1900–1903)

Pilgrim Baptist Church(1890),

Chicago, Illinois

design

Martin Ryerson Tomb

1889

Chicago, Illinois

Wainwright Tomb

1892

St. Louis, Missouri

Carrie Eliza Getty

Tomb

Chicago, Illinois,

Tombs

THE AUDITORIUM BUILDING (CHICAGO)

Year(s) of

construction: 1889

Architects: Sullivan and Dankmar Adler

Function: Auditorium

Style: Late 19th and Early 20th Century

American Movements

No. of Floors:13

Height: 46 m

THE AUDITORIUM BUILDING


The raft foundation distributes the weight of the massive

outer walls over a large area

The theatre, created to hold up to 4,200 audience members, today can hold

3,877 people during a single performance.

The building was equipped with the first central air conditioning system &

the theatre was the first to be entirely lit by incandescent light bulbs

Auditorium interior from balcony, an old photo


Ceiling detail of the auditorium

buildingArcaded façade on the eastern

side

Capital detail of a column

within the auditorium

MERCHANTS’ NATIONAL BANK

Year(s) of

construction:1914

Architects: Louis Sullivan& Stewart

Function: Bank Building

Status: National Historic Landmark

Merchants’ National Bank


Structurally the building is a rectangular box

It is one of a series of small

banks designed by Louis Sullivan

in the Midwest between 1909 and

1919.

All of the banks are built of brick

and for this structure he employed

various shades of brick


built of various shades of brick,

ranging in colour from blue-black to

golden brown, giving it an overall

reddish brown appearance

a series of stained glass windows

on the eastern facade

Light is introduced into the interior

by these windows and a sky light

Oversized cartouche that

surrounds a circular window


The cornice design


design above the ground floor windows


The entrance portal and decorative designs


oversized cartouche

that surrounds a circular

window


Lion griffin beside door of

Merchants' National Bank


Circular window

On the facade

colored glass skylight

on ceiling

glass windows on the

eastern facade

REFERENCES

http://www.hodgsonruss.com/Home/Offices/GuarantyBuilding

http://exhibits.slpl.org/steedman/data/Steedman240089386.asp?thread=240091124

http://www.prairiestyles.com/lsullivan.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Sullivan

http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Auditorium_Building.html

http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/sidney/sidney.html

http://www.hodgsonruss.com/Home/Offices/GuarantyBuilding





http://www.prairiestyles.com/lsullivan.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Sullivan

http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Auditorium_Building.html

http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/sidney/sidney.html

SUBMITTED BY:

SANKET SINGH

SURBHI JAIN

HIMANI JAIN