lotus temple -literature study
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
1/13
otus Temple, Del
LITERATURE STUDY - 1
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
2/13
INTRODUCTION
On an average, 8,000 to 10,000 people visit the Bahai House of Worship each day. These visitors
have admired its universal design in the form of a lotus and have een fascinated y the Teachings ofthe Bah !aith, especially its tenets of the Oneness of "od, the Oneness of #eligions, and the Oneness
of $an%ind.
BUILDING TYPE& #eligious 'enter ( $editation 'enter) BUILDING USE& *ulic uilding ARCHITECT +!arior -aha
LOCATION&e/ elhi, ndia YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION - 1986 AREA- 105,000 m HEIGHT- 40 meters MATERIAL -Marble
NEW DELHI
-ince its inauguration to pulic /orshipand visits in ecemer 1283, the Baha4i
House of Worship %no/n as 5The 6otus Temple in e/ elhi, ndia has dra/n to its portals more
than 70 million visitors, ma%ing it one of the most visited edifices in the /orld.
Built as per te m!"er# ar$ite$tural st%le, L!tus temple represe#ts sere#it%,arm!#%, tra#&uilit% a#" $alm'
(is buil"i#) represe#ts te Baa*i +ait !r te Baa*i $ulture, a# i#"epe#"e#t
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
3/13
(e mai# buil"i#) is eleate" !# a i) pli#tit steps lea"i#) t! it'
It is surr!u#"e" b% small p!#"s it ater i#!r"er t! mai#tai# te $limati$ $!#"iti!#s iti#
te buil"i#)' (is als! elps i# te aesteti$appeara#$e !+ te buil"i#) as ell' (is as base" !# te $!#$ept !+ te l!tus tat
)r! !# te ater b!"%' He#$e te +!rm als!represe#ts te same'
(is e#tire area als! $!#sist !+ !ter publi$buil"i#)s su$ as te librar%, a"mi#istrati!#buil"i#), et$'
t has een recognied throughout the /orld for its one+of+a+%ind, petal+shaped design, the 6otus
Temple, is an icon oth for architect !arior -ahas a/ard+/inning design and its home to
multiple religions. The architectural rilliance includes 97 free+standing marle clad :petals;
arranged in clusters of three to form nine sides, /ith nine separate entrances to a grand hall/ay.
(is m!#ume#tal stru$ture is mar.e" b% te e#tr% tr!u) te mesmeri/i#)
)ar"e#s al!#) te stret$ !+ te r!a" i$ lea"s t! te L!tus (emple itsel+'
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
4/13
6otus flo/er signifies purity and
peace. This symol give a modern andcontemporary form in the structure of
the temple dra/ing into its sanctum,
the people from different races, culture
and religion from all around the /orld.
CONCEPT THE LOTUS
The uilding follo/s the form of the lotus petals
and the pond signifies the /ater ody that thelotus gro/s in.
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
5/13
SITE PLAN
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
6/13
COMPONENTS OF THE STRUCTURE:
$ain uilding consisting of
Basement
Three groups of ine shells springing from the podium
oule layered nterior dome
ine arches
ine ponds
Wal%/ays
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
7/13PLAN OF LOTUS TEMPLE
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
8/13
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
9/13
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES :
T/enty+reinforced concrete structures shaped petals, covered in marle, /ere
arranged in groups of three, to realie their nine faces.
The surfaces that create the shell on oth sides of the ridge inlet and the outer
leaves are formed from spheres of different radii /ith their centers located at
different points /ithin the uilding. s a set of fields for entry lades, some of
/hich define and other interior surfaces defining the e=terior surfaces of the shells.The diameters of the spheres are set to meet structural consideration of variale
thic%ness of the petals.
The construction of the 6otus temple egan in stages. The architect, !arior
-aha, egan designing the Temple in 1273. The construction of the temple /as
completed in 1283.
The 6otus temple reaches a height of more than >0m. One can see 97 giant /hite
petals of marle in a lotus shape, 91,000 running meters (interior and e=terior) of
area in slopes and curves re?uiring sealing, springing from nine pools and
/al%/ays indicative of the nine unifying spiritual paths of the Bahais faith.
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
10/13
The surfaces that create the shell on oth sides of the ridge inlet and the outer leaves are formed
from spheres of different radii /ith their centers located at different points /ithin the uilding.
To the outer leaves, the shell is uniform, 1.@@ m thic% to/ards the ottom and to/ards the top
end 9.AAm.
The outer leaf area entrance to the temple is 1A,>m /ide and 99.Am rises aove the podium, the
interior has 18,9m /ide at the entrance area and rises aove the level 7,8m the podium. $ost of the structural load of the interior space of the temple is supported y nine arcs are deployed
around the central hall, set at angular intervals of >0 .
The shape of these arcs is created y flat, conical and cylindrical surfaces. The intersection of these
surfaces offers interesting contours and greatly enhances the eauty of the arches.
2 arches /ere placed one after the other until the circle /as completed. isassemly of the soffit
of each arch /as made after the adCacent arcs reach the necessary strength.
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
11/13
$
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
12/13
-
7/25/2019 Lotus Temple -Literature Study
13/13
The Bahai temple is proaly one of the most special and most distinctive uildings to e uilt in
todays /orld. The structures comple=ity and the high standard of ?uality demanded of the /or%ers meant that
supervision of construction had to e very dynamic and endo/ed /ith an acute capacity to
immediately perceive innovatory processes. The concept has een derived from the lotus flo/er /hich indicates the meaning of Enity. The 6otus petals have een constructed of reinforced /hite concrete and are covered /ith /hite
marle panels. 97 giant marle petals surround the interior space, /ith capacity for 9,A00 people, respecting the
alignments of the Baha4i architecture /ith circular shape. nside is reached through nine ridges
that are out of 2 ponds surrounding the temple and giving access to 2 doors leading to a central
site that reaches >0 meters in height. 2 arches support the entire edifice, enclose the central hall. t is /elcomed through the eautiful gardens that follo/ the $oghul architecture. 6otus temple is a place for all religion /hich helps in attracting the visitors. The temple is uilt of marle, cement and sand. The 97 petals /ere coated /ith marle from #aCasthani $acrana, dolomite cement in mine