loss & profit
TRANSCRIPT
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A STUDY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PROGRAMME FOR 5th
STANDARD STUDENT OF BAL SHISHU MANDIR PRIMARY
SCHOOL ON MATHEMATICAL
PROFIT & LOSS
SUBMITTED TO
M. C. E. SOCITY'S JR.COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
AZAM CAMP PUNE- 0 1
RESEARCHER
PALASAKAR SWATI SAKHARAM
STD S.Y.D.T.Ed DIV: B ROLL NO - 41
GUIDE
SHEHNAZ MAM
M.C.E SOCIETYS JUNIOUR COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
(ENGLISH MEDIUM)
YEAR
2009-2010
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Index
Chapters PAGE No.Title
Certificate
Self Declaration
Dedication & Vote of thanks
List of tables appendix1.1 Introduction of topic of research
1.2 Introduction Background of
1.3 Need of the problem
Importance of the problem
Statement of aimOperation definition Assumption
Objectives
Assumption
Hypotheses
Sample
Scope and Limitation
2 Review of Related Literature
2.1 Review of related Literature
2.2 Innovation and usefulness of
3.1 Implementation of research work
Research Methodology
3.2 Sample
3.3 Tool & techniques of the
3.4 Remedial Measures
4 Collection of information and data
4.1 Presentation of information and data
4.2 Analysis of interpretation
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5 Summary conclusion and
5.1 Summary5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Suggestion for the further research
Reference & Appendix list of the
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DECLARATION
This is declare that I have submitted the action research report 'A study
the effectiveness of programme to minimise difficulties faced by 5th standard
student in solving mathematical profit and loss' to the M.C.E. Society Jr.
college of education Azam camp for the partial fulfillment of D.T.ED course
and it is not submitted anywhere else for examination such material as has
been obtain from other sources has been duly acknowledged in the action
research study.
Palasakar Swati Sakharam
Researcher
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CERTIFICATE
This is certify that Miss. Palasakar Swati Sakharam has completed the study
incorporated in this action research report a study the effectiveness of
programme to minimize difficulties faced by 5th standard student in solving
mathematical profit and loss submitted by Palasakar Swati Sakharam was
carried out under my guidance such material as has been obtained from other
source has been duly acknowledged in the report.
Date :
Guide
Shehnaz Mam
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1.1 INTRODUCTION
Mathematics touches our life at every point. Everyone uses some
form of mathematics directly or indirectly in his daily life .Mathematics plays
a predominant role in our life and it .become an important factor for the
progress of our present day world Mathematics is not an invention but
discovery. As well as Mathematics is man made. Mathematics has not
become important only today but it occupied and kept his important place
from the earliest times .and is perhaps the only subject which merits is
distinction
Mathematics is the queen of all sciences. The scope of mathematics is very
wide. Mathematics is a basic science. hence, it has a wide scope .
Mathematics is not limited to curriculum of school, college and universities
but it is also need for the social and financial development of country.
When we buy something we pay the cost of that thing . The
prices for which an article is purchased is called cost price .The price for
which an article is sold called selling price
Profit -If the selling price is more than the cost price we say .seller
has made a profit
Loss - If the selling price is less than the cost price we say
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1.2 NEED
Mathematics subject having such a broad scope and utility was given an
important place in curriculum .Mathematics should be taught as a compulsory
subject .It was important in primary level .All primary level the syllabus was
totally skill oriented .In mathematics student of standard 5th do nit solve
problems regarding profit and loss correctly . 20 Student do not understand the
meaning of profit and loss .Student can not solve example related to this .
They mistake in this .
1.3 IMPORTANCE
This research would greatly help the student to avoid mistake in profit
and loss . It leads the successful gaining of knowledge about the profit and
loss . The students difficulties would be cleared . The student of standard 5th
understand about the profit and loss . They would get a good marks in
examination .
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1.4 STATEMENT OF AIM
A study the effectiveness of programme for 5th standard student of Bal
Shishu Mandir Primary School on Mathematical profit and loss..
1.5 OPRATIONAL DEFINITION
Effectiveness -Effect means change produced on action improved in profit
and loss.
Programme - It is a plan series for implement skill in profit and loss
Profit -If the selling price is more than cost price then seller has made a
profit & loss
Loss - If the selling price is less than cost price then seller has made a loss
1.6 OBJECTIVES
1 .To find out difficulties faced by student in solving mathematical profit and
lost.
2.To developed the programme to minimize difficulties .
3.To study the effectiveness of programme developed .
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1.7 ASSUMPTION
Student have knowledge of cost price and selling price .
1.8 HYPOTHESIS
If the treatment is given to student then their difficulties in mathematical
profit and loss is minimse .
1.9 SCOPE AND LIMTATION
SCOPE
This research will be beneficial for all primary , higher primary student
and teachers .
LIMITATION
1. The study is limited to only 5th standard .2. The study is limited to only for3. The study is only for 20 student in C division .
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CHAPTER N0.2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Alter finalizing the topic of research it is quite essential for researcher to
take a review of the related literature . There view of literature to build up
the context and background of the researcher as well as provide a basis of
the formative of the hypothesis . Review of related literature acquaints the
researcher with work done by conduct the research .
2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Amit Goel - Learn and learn mathematics Secondary school Books
Publication Pvt. Ltd Page No 39
Preface - Writer own face problem while learning mathematics at primary
and secondary stage why writer wants to write book on learning and
teaching and teaching mathematics that help student , teacher to learn and
teach mathematics easily.
In this book main focus given towards improving the skill of solving
problems faced to profit and loss .
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Mathematical problem solving issues in research Philadelphia the
Franklin institutes press
Preface -Writer thinks that mathematical problems are very useful in our
day to day life They helps to improve our life that's writer has written
book on mathematical problems solving.
3. D .T.ED. Research
Implementing a programme to remove the barriers in mathematical operation
of addition, subtraction of three digit number for std
Objective
1. To find out existing level of the student about addition and subtraction of3 digit number.
2.To arrange the programme for addition and subtraction of 3 digit number3. To check the effectiveness of the programme .
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2.2 INNOVATION AND USEFULNESS
INNOVATION
In previous literature found most work of research done on higher level
student and for the research work experimental method used . This research
is new research as it is held primary level. This researcher used experimental
method for research .
USEFULLNESS
This research is usefull for teacher as they understand the difficult at the
student while solving additional problem .
This research is useful] for D.T. ED student as they understand
where the student find difficulty while solve the problem .
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CHAPTER N0. 3
IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH
INTRODUCTION
In previous chapter research has taken review of has taken review of
related literature .In this chapter researcher has given the detail information
about methodology and procedure .
Research is systematic activity on attempt to obtain the answer of
meaning full questions educational phenomenon events and structure .
John .w. west
3.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
There are three methods of educational research
1 . Descriptive method2 . Historical method3 . Experimental method
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EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
In this research affect of one factor on the other. In scientific term
experimental research means examining hypothesis, indicating cause and effect
relation e.g . In study like story telling has any affect on reading of student
story telling and reading ability are not related with each other but we have
cause and effect relation .
Experimental research is conducted to affect on teaching method,
educational instrument, number of student in classroom on factor like
motivation, attitude towards education etc.
3.2 SAMPLE
Sample is part of population selected for analysis 20 student of Bal Shishu
Mandir Primary school Pune -37 .
SAMPLING METHOD
Sampling means method used for selecting sample from population
. There are 7 method of selecting sample .As follows
1) Random sampling method 2) Stratified sampling method3) Cluster sampling method 4) Purposive sampling method5) Incidental sampling method 6) Systematic sampling method7) Quota sampling method
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Purposive sampling method
In this method sample is selecting according to the purpose of
researcher . e.g. solving problem of difficulties in reading Marathi researcher
select the sample the student who are lack in reading .
Incidental sampling method
In this method sample is selecting according to the condition or fact.
Tools are basic material used for research.
Data collection tools: - researcher has selected pretest and posttest for
collection of information.
a) Pre-test: This test was given to the student without teachingto check their knowledge and according to the result program is
given.
b) Program: To develop achievement level of student make thestudent understand the content clearly the researcher used various
teaching aids for a particular topic.
c) Post-test: This test is given after implementing the program toevaluate the student's achievement.
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CHAPTRE N0. 4
COLLECTION OF INFORMATION & DATA ITS SYNTHESIS &
ANALYSIS.
4.1 PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION & DATA
Roll No Marks of Pre-test Marks of Post-test D=Y-X D2
1 9 9 0 0
2 8 12 4 16
3 7 12 5 25
4 8 10 2 4
y 8 9 1 16 7 12 5 25
7 7 9 2 4
8 13 15 2 4
~9~ 9 12 3 9
10 11 11 0 0
11 7 9 2 4
12 2 7 5 25
13 10 9 -1 1
14 11 13 2 4
15 10 13 3 9
16 11 13 3 9
17 7 8 1 1
18 9 10 1 1
19 5 7 2 4
20 9 12 3 9
168 192 D = 44 D2 = 150
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1)n
DD
1_ - mean of differences
20
115
= 5.75
D = 5.75
2) (6 diff) =1
.)( 22
n
nDDi
(6 diff) =1.20
20.)75.5(8802
19
2006.33889
19
20.661889
19
8.227
98.11
6diff = 3.4
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t =ndiff
D
/6
0
t
204.3
75.5
t4.4/4.3
75.5
t4.3
4.475.5
t4.3
3.25
t = 7.44
INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Percentage of pre-test marks.
ofExamTotalMarksrofStudentTotalNumbe
ofStudentTotalMarks 100
=400
100
20
113
=80
113
= 1.41
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Percentage of post test marks.
=400
100
20
225
80
225
= 2.80
Graph :-
.
Y = 1cm = 1 percentage
X = 2cm = test
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Pre-testPost-
test
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CHAPTER NO. 5
SUMMERY, CONCLUSION AND COMMEDATION
SUMMARY
STATEMENT OF AIM
A study the effectiveness of programme for 5th standard student of Bal
Shishu Mandir Primary school on Mathematical profit and loss.
OPRATIONAL DEFINITION
Effectiveness -Effect means change produced on action improved in profit
and loss.
Programme - It is a plan series for implement skill in profit and loss
Profit -If the selling price is more than cost price then seller has made a
profit & loss
Loss - If the selling price is less than cost price then seller has made a loss
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OBJECTIVES
1. To find out difficulties faced by student in solving mathematical profit and
lost.
2. To developed the programme to minimize difficulties .
3.To study the effectiveness of programme developed .
ASSUMTION
Student has knowledge of cost price and selling price.
HYPOTHESIS
If the treatment is given to student then their difficulties in
mathematical profit and loss is minimize
SCOPE
This research will be beneficial for all primary, higher primary student and
teachers.
LIMITATION
1 .The study is limited to only 5th standard.
2. The study is only for 20 students in a division.
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5 . 2 CONCLUSION
The teacher procedure being according to surrounding atmosphere and
learning of student , teacher. Because influential and student with inspiration
was increased consequently. the student with more activeness enthusiasm and
confidence increase interest in teaching subject and mathematics .
5.3 RECOMMEDATION
1. The effective teaching should use for teaching mathematics subject like
analysis and synthesis Method , experimental method
2. Teacher should remove fear about maths subject from minds of student.
3. Teacher give extra time to solve example
5 .3 SUGGESTION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
1. Comparative study may be conduction to find out the effectiveness ofteaching method for 5th standard.
2. A study can be done to create awareness among the student 3. A comparative study can be conducted to find out reason for theremistake doing
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REFERENCE BOOKS
1.Best T. W. & J .V. Khan Research in education New Delhi,Prentice Hall
2. Kapole A. L . & PADIT B.B . Action Research & InnovationPune , Nirali Prakashan
3. Bhintade V. R. Shaishnik sanshodhan Prakashan Pune , Nilyanutan
prakashan
4 . Mule RM & Umathe V .T. Shaishnik Sanshodhanachi Multatve
New Delhi , Prentice Hall
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QUESTION PAPER
Sub - math Time -30 min
Std - 7th
Q . 1 Fill in the blanks in the table Marks -5
Cost price Selling Profit Loss
1
2
20 25
24 19
3 40 10
4 50 15
5 36 20
Q .2 Fill in the proper blanks in following table Marks -5
CP Rs SP Rs Profit Loss Profit Loss
1 5000 6000
2 2500 2375
3 7216 8118
4 8400 7875
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Q.3 solve the following. Marks - 10
1 .On selling lKg sugar for Rs 16.50 the profit was 10% .What was the cost
price per kilogram ?
2 . When Maniklal sold a car for Rs 3 ,45 , 600 he made a profit of 8 %
.for how much had he brought the car?
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APPENDIX
Roll No Names of Student Marks of Pre-test Marks of Post-test
1 Sandesh More 9 9
2 Komal Chavan 8 12
3 Sujit Lokhande 7 12
4 Omkar thorat 8 10
5 Pathar sitaram 8 9
6 Komal kamble 7 12
7 Mahesh lohakare 7 9
8 Samata madekar 13 15
9 Minakshi kolekar 9 12
10 Ajit kasal 11 11
11 Ravina nikal 7 9
12 Shreeram guklc 2 7
13 Nilesh shinde 10 9
14 Arabas sheikh 11 13
15 Pranjal sapkal 10 13
16 Ralik sayyad 11 13
17 Samiksha lhakur 7 8
18 Vijay bhamre 9 10
19 Priya birajdar 5 7
20 Santosh hinge 9 12