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Long term memoryYear 11 Exam preparation evening
Retrieval practice ● Retrieval practice moves memories from your long term memory into your working memory
● Retrieval practice lays down “memory traces”
● Every time you retrieve a memory the pathway becomes more established
● Eventually there is no struggle - the memory is just there!
Retrieval practice v Re-reading
Dual coding
Cognitive load
Cognitive load
Putting this into practice
1. Write questions - answer them - check your answers
2. Do past papers - get them marked or use the mark scheme
3. Do lots of quizzes - write your own
4. Write lists from memory - check and improve
5. Produce graphic organisers
6. Look → Cover → Write → Check - Over time skip the “Look → Cover” stages
7. Flashcards - Question on 1 side, answer on the other
Graphic organisers
● a single period of study (‘study once’)
● a single retrieval (‘retrieve once’)
● three retrievals in a row (‘massed retrieval’)
● three retrievals spaced over time (‘spaced retrieval’)
Karpicke & Bauernschmidt (2011)
The Leitner System - Spaced retrieval
Spaced retrieval
A few things to avoid● Re-reading your notes / the text book…
● Highlightling (unless it is just to find something again)
● “Study groups” - these are social groups
● Other stimulus / distractions - think about cognitive load