long face syndrome
TRANSCRIPT
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LONG FACE SYNDROME
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DEFINITION
A malocclusion characterized by a long, narrow face; steep mandibular plane angle; and Class II Division 1 dental/skeletal relationship with anterior crowding lip incompetence and associated mouth breathing.
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INCOMPETENT LIPSSTEEP MANDIBULAR PLANE ANGLE
Class II division 1 malocclusion
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Typical forward angulation
of head of a person with
Long Face Syndrome with steep mandibular angle.
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ETIOLOGY
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OBSTRUTION OF AIRWAY due to… Enlarged tonsils Dysplasia and inflammation of nasal mucosa
Uncontrolled allergies Narrow nostrils Constantly open lips (mouth breathing)
Adenoid or localised benign tumour Narrow palate
POSTNATAL CAUSES… INFLUENCE NORMAL DEVELOMENT OF DENTO-FACIAL COMPLEX
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CONTD… SLEEP APNEA –sleep disorder
characterised by pauses in breathing during sleep TONGUE THRUST THUMB SUCKING.
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1. 1.IMPAIRED RESPIRATION
2.OPEN MOUTH BREATHING
3.DROOPING OF MANDIBLE
4.EXTRUSION OF MOLARS
5.OPEN BITE
6.INCREASED VERTICAL DIMENSION
7.LONG FACE SYNDROME
Gradual development of the syndrome…..
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OROPHARYNX IN LONG FACE SYNDROME CAUSING OBSTRUCTION OF AIRWAYS.
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ENLARGED TONSILS CAUSING OBSTRUCTION IN AIRWAY
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TONGUE THRUST
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ANTERIOR CROWDING DUE TO THUMB SUCKING
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CLINICAL FEATURES
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CLINICAL FEATURES Long face Gummy smile Incompetent lips Flattening of cheeks at the base of the
nose making the nose appear larger than normal
Short upper lip or drooping lower lip Any of the clinical features related to the
etiological factors mentioned previously Expressionless face due to severely
active facial muscles
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GUMMY SMILE
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INCOMPETENT LIPS
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FLATTENING OF CHEEKS AT THE BASE OF THE NOSE
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SLEEP APNEA AND SHORTER UPPER LIP
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LARGE TONGUE OF THE SAME PATIENT (CAUSE OF SLEEP APNEA)
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DIAGNOSIS BY CEPHALOMETRIC EXAMINATION….
Amount of nasopharyngeal space
Size of adenoids
Long face associated with breathing
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TREATMENT
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TREATMENT
PREVENTIVE
SURGICAL AND ORTHODONTIC CORRECTION
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PREVENTIVE TREATMENT
Includes…Prevention of various etiological factors
Application of various orthodontic appliances for the same
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ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE FOR TONGUE THRUST AND THUMB SUCKING HABIT
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MOUTH BREATHING HABIT
REMOVAL OF NASAL OR PHARYNGEAL OBSTRUCTION
INTERCEPTION OF THE HABIT- - adhesive tapes can be used to seal the lips while sleeping
RAPID PALATAL EXPANSION– for expansion of the pterygoid plates and to increase the nasal air flow and decrease the nasal air obstruction.
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SURGICAL REMOVAL OF ENLARGED TONSILS
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RAPID PALATAL EXPANSION ALSO EXPANDS THE PTERYGOID PLATES.
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SURGICAL AND ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT Surgical reduction of facial height and
proper alignment of teeth by orthodontic means
By properly planned and executed Le Fort I maxillary osteotomies, the vertical dimensions of the face can be shortened to improve the esthetic balance between the nose, upper lip, teeth, and chin and achieve lip competency
Variable open-bite and nonopen-bite maxillary deformities in forty adults with the long face syndrome were corrected by Le Fort I osteotomy and orthodontic treatment.
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LE-FORT 1 OSTEOTOMY
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THANK YOU
-PRESENTED BY-DISHA NIGHOT
-ROLL NO. 14