local, state, national. the nomination process-two party system self-announcement individuals that...
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THE ELECTORAL PROCESS
Local, State, National
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The nomination process-two party system Self-announcement
Individuals that state they are running for a particular office○ Example upcoming presidential election, prominent
democrats will “announce” that they are running for office of president– maybe Hillary Clinton
Caucus-started during colonial times Group of similarly minded people that meet to select the
candidates that they will support in upcoming election○ Legislative caucus- a meeting of a party’s members in the
State legislature○ Ended by 1824 (King Caucus-derogatory tag given to the use
of caucus by the party—Andrew Jackson
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Convention replaces caucus Convention
First convention held in 1831- replaced by direct primary in 1910’s (Progressive era)
How it works○ Party’s members meet in a local caucus to pick candidates for
local office, at same time select delegates to represent them at county convention
Nominees selected for local representatives, mayor, sheriff
○ At county convention delegates nomination candidates for state conventionCounty offices, supervisor, county tax collector
○ At state convention delegates sent to national conventionParty nominates candidate for governor, and other state
offices○ At national convention
Delegates select their choice for president and vice president
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Nomination process (cont) Direct primary
An intra-party election –so Democrats and Republicans both hold one
Held within a party to select that party’s candidates for the general election
Most State law requires major party US primary to choose their candidates for US Senate and House of Reps.
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Types of Primaries Primaries (an election that narrows the field of
candidates before a general election)Closed (24 states follow this today)
○ Only those who register in advance can vote for party nominees--- encourages party loyalty
Open (26 states use this)○ Voters (on ELECTION DAY) can decide whether they want the
Democratic or Republican candidateBlanket (up to 2000, 3 states used this –declared
unconstitutional in CA-violation of 1st and 14th amendments)○ The most “anti”party of all primaries○ Voters get a list of candidates from all parties and are allowed to
pick some Democrats, some Republicans, some minor parties
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Non-partisan elections
School boards Municipal offices ½ state judges All still have to participate in a non-
partisan primary the candidate with clear majority either runs
as unopposed in general election or is declared the winner (elected)
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Presidential primary and petition Presidential primary
Not a nominating device An election that is held as part of process by which presidential
candidates are chosen○ Winners of state primaries decide their proportional representation by
delegate/most states are NOT winner take all in presidential primary○ each state sends their delegates to each party’s national convention
to choose their presidential candidate○ national convention roll call vote
Petition Used most often at local level
○ Nonpartisan school board positions, municipal offices of medium sized cities
Nominations occur by petition ○ State to state, specific number of qualified voters
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Elections
Federal control Election Day Early Voting Precincts/Polling Places The Ballot Automated voting Electronic counting Vote-by-mail elections Online voting
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Money and Elections