LM1117/LM1117I800mA Low-Dropout Linear RegulatorGeneral DescriptionThe LM1117 is a series of low dropout voltage regulatorswith a dropout of 1.2V at 800mA of load current. It has thesame pin-out as National Semiconductors industry standardLM317.The LM1117 is available in an adjustable version, which canset the output voltage from 1.25V to 13.8V with only twoexternal resistors. In addition, it is also available in five fixedvoltages, 1.8V, 2.5V, 2.85V, 3.3V, and 5V.The LM1117 offers current limiting and thermal shutdown. Itscircuit includes a zener trimmed bandgap reference to as-sure output voltage accuracy to within 1%.The LM1117 series is available in SOT-223, TO-220, andTO-252 D-PAK packages. A minimum of 10F tantalum ca-pacitor is required at the output to improve the transientresponse and stability.

Featuresn Available in 1.8V, 2.5V, 2.85V, 3.3V, 5V, and Adjustable

Versionsn Space Saving SOT-223 Packagen Current Limiting and Thermal Protectionn Output Current 800mAn Line Regulation 0.2% (Max)n Load Regulation 0.4% (Max)n Temperature Range

LM1117 0C to 125C LM1117I 40C to 125C

Applicationsn 2.85V Model for SCSI-2 Active Terminationn Post Regulator for Switching DC/DC Convertern High Efficiency Linear Regulatorsn Battery Chargern Battery Powered Instrumentation

Typical ApplicationActive Terminator for SCSI-2 Bus

DS100919-5

Fixed Output Regulator

DS100919-28

December 2001LM

1117/LM1117I800m

ALow

-DropoutLinearRegulator

2001 National Semiconductor Corporation DS100919 www.national.com

Ordering InformationPackage Temperature

RangePart Number Packaging Marking Transport Media NSC

Drawing3-leadSOT-223

0C to +125C LM1117MPX-ADJ N03A Tape and Reel MA04ALM1117MPX-1.8 N12A Tape and ReelLM1117MPX-2.5 N13A Tape and ReelLM1117MPX-2.85 N04A Tape and ReelLM1117MPX-3.3 N05A Tape and ReelLM1117MPX-5.0 N06A Tape and Reel

40C to +125C LM1117IMPX-ADJ N03B Tape and ReelLM1117IMPX-3.3 N05B Tape and ReelLM1117IMPX-5.0 N06B Tape and Reel

3-lead TO-220 0C to +125C LM1117T-ADJ LM1117T-ADJ Rails T03BLM1117T-2.85 LM1117T-2.85 RailsLM1117T-3.3 LM1117T-3.3 RailsLM1117T-5.0 LM1117T-5.0 Rails

3-lead TO-252 0C to +125C LM1117DTX-ADJ LM1117DT-ADJ Tape and Reel TD03BLM1117DTX-1.8 LM1117DT-1.8 Tape and ReelLM1117DTX-2.5 LM1117DT-2.5 Tape and ReelLM1117DTX-2.85 LM1117DT-2.85 Tape and ReelLM1117DTX-3.3 LM1117DT-3.3 Tape and ReelLM1117DTX-5.0 LM1117DT-5.0 Tape and Reel

40C to +125C LM1117IDTX-ADJ LM1117IDT-ADJ Tape and ReelLM1117IDTX-3.3 LM1117IDT-3.3 Tape and ReelLM1117IDTX-5.0 LM1117IDT-5.0 Tape and Reel

Block Diagram

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Connection DiagramsSOT-223

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Top View

TO-220

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Top View

TO-252

DS100919-38

Top View

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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/Distributors for availability and specifications.

Maximum Input Voltage (VIN to GND)LM1117-ADJ, LM1117-1.8,LM1117-2.5, LM1117-3.3,LM1117-5.0, LM1117I-ADJ,LM1117I-3.3, LM1117I-5.0 20VPower Dissipation (Note 2) Internally LimitedJunction Temperature (TJ)(Note 2) 150CStorage Temperature Range -65C to 150CLead TemperatureTO-220 (T) Package 260C, 10 sec

SOT-223 (IMP) Package 260C, 4 secESD Tolerance (Note 3) 2000V

Operating Ratings (Note 1)Input Voltage (VIN to GND)LM1117-ADJ, LM1117-1.8,LM1117-2.5, LM1117-3.3,LM1117-5.0, LM1117I-ADJ,LM1117I-3.3, LM1117I-5.0 15VLM1117-2.85 10VJunction Temperature Range (TJ)(Note 2)

LM1117 0C to 125CLM1117I 40C to 125C

LM1117 Electrical CharacteristicsTypicals and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25C. Limits appearing in Boldface type apply over the entire junc-tion temperature range for operation, 0C to 125C.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min(Note 5)Typ

(Note 4)Max

(Note 5) UnitsVREF Reference Voltage LM1117-ADJ

IOUT = 10mA, VIN-VOUT = 2V, TJ = 25C10mA IOUT 800mA, 1.4V VIN-VOUT 10V

1.2381.225

1.2501.250

1.2621.270

VV

VOUT Output Voltage LM1117-1.8IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 3.8V, TJ = 25C0 IOUT 800mA, 3.2V VIN 10V

1.7821.746

1.8001.800

1.8181.854

VV

LM1117-2.5IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 4.5V, TJ = 25C0 IOUT 800mA, 3.9V VIN 10V

2.4752.450

2.5002.500

2.5252.550

VV

LM1117-2.85IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 4.85V, TJ = 25C0 IOUT 800mA, 4.25V VIN 10V0 IOUT 500mA, VIN = 4.10V

2.8202.7902.790

2.8502.8502.850

2.8802.9102.910

VVV

LM1117-3.3IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 5V TJ = 25C0 IOUT 800mA, 4.75V VIN 10V

3.2673.235

3.3003.300

3.3333.365

VV

LM1117-5.0IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 7V, TJ = 25C0 IOUT 800mA, 6.5V VIN 12V

4.9504.900

5.0005.000

5.0505.100

VV

VOUT Line Regulation(Note 6)

LM1117-ADJIOUT = 10mA, 1.5V VIN-VOUT 13.75V

0.035 0.2 %

LM1117-1.8IOUT = 0mA, 3.2V VIN 10V

1 6 mV

LM1117-2.5IOUT = 0mA, 3.9V VIN 10V

1 6 mV

LM1117-2.85IOUT = 0mA, 4.25V VIN 10V 1 6 mVLM1117-3.3IOUT = 0mA, 4.75V VIN 15V 1 6 mVLM1117-5.0IOUT = 0mA, 6.5V VIN 15V 1 10 mV

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LM1117 Electrical Characteristics (Continued)Typicals and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25C. Limits appearing in Boldface type apply over the entire junc-tion temperature range for operation, 0C to 125C.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min(Note 5)Typ

(Note 4)Max

(Note 5) UnitsVOUT Load Regulation

(Note 6)LM1117-ADJVIN-VOUT = 3V, 10 IOUT 800mA 0.2 0.4 %LM1117-1.8VIN = 3.2V, 0 IOUT 800mA

1 10 mV

LM1117-2.5VIN = 3.9V, 0 IOUT 800mA

1 10 mV

LM1117-2.85VIN = 4.25V, 0 IOUT 800mA 1 10 mVLM1117-3.3VIN = 4.75V, 0 IOUT 800mA 1 10 mVLM1117-5.0VIN = 6.5V, 0 IOUT 800mA 1 15 mV

VIN-V OUT Dropout Voltage(Note 7)

IOUT = 100mA 1.10 1.20 VIOUT = 500mA 1.15 1.25 VIOUT = 800mA 1.20 1.30 V

ILIMIT Current Limit VIN-VOUT = 5V, TJ = 25C 800 1200 1500 mAMinimum LoadCurrent (Note 8)

LM1117-ADJVIN = 15V 1.7 5 mA

Quiescent Current LM1117-1.8VIN 15V

5 10 mA

LM1117-2.5VIN 15V

5 10 mA

LM1117-2.85VIN 10V 5 10 mALM1117-3.3VIN 15V 5 10 mALM1117-5.0VIN 15V 5 10 mA

Thermal Regulation TA = 25C, 30ms Pulse 0.01 0.1 %/WRipple Regulation fRIPPLE =1 20Hz, VIN-VOUT = 3V

VRIPPLE = 1VPP60 75 dB

Adjust Pin Current 60 120 AAdjust Pin CurrentChange

10 IOUT 800mA,1.4V VIN-VOUT 10V 0.2 5 A

Temperature Stability 0.5 %Long Term Stability TA = 125C, 1000Hrs 0.3 %RMS Output Noise (% of VOUT), 10Hz f 10kHz 0.003 %Thermal ResistanceJunction-to-Case

3-Lead SOT-2233-Lead TO-2203-Lead TO-252

15.03.010

C/WC/WC/W

Thermal ResistanceJunction-to-Ambient(No heat sink;No air flow)

3-Lead SOT-2233-Lead TO-2203-Lead TO-252 (Note 9)

1367992

C/WC/WC/W

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LM1117I Electrical CharacteristicsTypicals and limits appearing in normal type apply for TJ = 25C. Limits appearing in Boldface type apply over the entire junc-tion temperature range for operation, 40C to 125C.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min(Note 5)Typ

(Note 4)Max

(Note 5) UnitsVREF Reference Voltage LM1117I-ADJ

IOUT = 10mA, VIN-VOUT = 2V, TJ = 25C10mA IOUT 800mA, 1.4V VIN-VOUT 10V

1.2381.200

1.2501.250

1.2621.290

VV

VOUT Output Voltage LM1117I-3.3IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 5V, TJ = 25C0 IOUT 800mA, 4.75V VIN 10V

3.2673.168

3.3003.300

3.3333.432

VV

LM1117I-5.0IOUT = 10mA, VIN = 7V, TJ = 25C0 IOUT 800mA, 6.5V VIN 12V

4.9504.800

5.0005.000

5.0505.200

VV

VOUT Line Regulation(Note 6)

LM1117I-ADJIOUT = 10mA, 1.5V VIN-VOUT 13.75V

0.035 0.3 %

LM1117I-3.3IOUT = 0mA, 4.75V VIN 15V 1 10 mVLM1117I-5.0IOUT = 0mA, 6.5V VIN 15V 1 15 mV

VOUT Load Regulation(Note 6)

LM1117I-ADJVIN-VOUT = 3V, 10 IOUT 800mA 0.2 0.5 %LM1117I-3.3VIN = 4.75V, 0 IOUT 800mA 1 15 mVLM1117I-5.0VIN = 6.5V, 0 IOUT 800mA 1 20 mV

VIN-V OUT Dropout Voltage(Note 7)

IOUT = 100mA 1.10 1.30 VIOUT = 500mA 1.15 1.35 VIOUT = 800mA 1.20 1.40 V

ILIMIT Current Limit VIN-VOUT = 5V, TJ = 25C 800 1200 1500 mAMinimum LoadCurrent (Note 8)

LM1117I-ADJVIN = 15V 1.7 5 mA

Quiescent Current LM1117I-3.3VIN 15V 5 15 mALM1117I-5.0VIN 15V 5 15 mA

Thermal Regulation TA = 25C, 30ms Pulse 0.01 0.1 %/WRipple Regulation fRIPPLE =1 20Hz, VIN-VOUT = 3V

VRIPPLE = 1VPP60 75 dB

Adjust Pin Current 60 120 AAdjust Pin CurrentChange

10 IOUT 800mA,1.4V VIN-VOUT 10V 0.2 10 A

Temperature Stability 0.5 %Long Term Stability TA = 125C, 1000Hrs 0.3 %RMS Output Noise (% of VOUT), 10Hz f 10kHz 0.003 %Thermal ResistanceJunction-to-Case

3-Lead SOT-223-Lead TO-252

15.010

C/WC/W

Thermal ResistanceJunction-to-Ambient(No heat sink;No air flow)

3-Lead SOT-2233-Lead TO-252 (Note 9)

13692

C/WC/W

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device isintended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.Note 2: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max) , JA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature isPD = (TJ(max)TA)/JA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board.

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LM1117I Electrical Characteristics (Continued)Note 3: For testing purposes, ESD was applied using human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF.Note 4: Typical Values represent the most likely parametric norm.Note 5: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis.Note 6: Load and line regulation are measured at constant junction room temperature.Note 7: The dropout voltage is the input/output differential at which the circuit ceases to regulate against further reduction in input voltage. It is measured when theoutput voltage has dropped 100mV from the nominal value obtained at VIN = VOUT +1.5V.Note 8: The minimum output current required to maintain regulation.Note 9: Minimum pad size of 0.038in2

Typical Performance CharacteristicsDropout Voltage (VIN-V OUT)

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Short-Circuit Current

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Load Regulation

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LM1117-ADJ Ripple Rejection

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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

LM1117-ADJ Ripple Rejection vs. Current

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Temperature Stability

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Adjust Pin Current

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LM1117-2.85 Load Transient Response

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LM1117-5.0 Load Transient Response

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LM1117-2.85 Line Transient Response

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Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

APPLICATION NOTE1.0 External Capacitors/Stability1.1 Input Bypass CapacitorAn input capacitor is recommended. A 10F tantalum on theinput is a suitable input bypassing for almost all applications.1.2 Adjust Terminal Bypass CapacitorThe adjust terminal can be bypassed to ground with a by-pass capacitor (CADJ) to improve ripple rejection. This by-pass capacitor prevents ripple from being amplified as theoutput voltage is increased. At any ripple frequency, theimpedance of the CADJ should be less than R1 to prevent theripple from being amplified:

1/(2pi*fRIPPLE*CADJ) < R1The R1 is the resistor between the output and the adjust pin.Its value is normally in the range of 100-200. For example,with R1 = 124 and fRIPPLE = 120Hz, the CADJ should be >11F.1.3 Output CapacitorThe output capacitor is critical in maintaining regulator sta-bility, and must meet the required conditions for both mini-mum amount of capacitance and ESR (Equivalent SeriesResistance). The minimum output capacitance required bythe LM1117 is 10F, if a tantalum capacitor is used. Anyincrease of the output capacitance will merely improve theloop stability and transient response. The ESR of the outputcapacitor should be less than 0.5. In the case of theadjustable regulator, when the CADJ is used, a larger outputcapacitance (22f tantalum) is required.2.0 Output VoltageThe LM1117 adjustable version develops a 1.25V referencevoltage, VREF, between the output and the adjust terminal.As shown in Figure 1, this voltage is applied across resistorR1 to generate a constant current I1. The current IADJ fromthe adjust terminal could introduce error to the output. Butsince it is very small (60A) compared with the I1 and veryconstant with line and load changes, the error can be ig-nored. The constant current I1 then flows through the outputset resistor R2 and sets the output voltage to the desiredlevel.For fixed voltage devices, R1 and R2 are integrated insidethe devices.

3.0 Load RegulationThe LM1117 regulates the voltage that appears between itsoutput and ground pins, or between its output and adjustpins. In some cases, line resistances can introduce errors tothe voltage across the load. To obtain the best load regula-tion, a few precautions are needed.Figure 2, shows a typical application using a fixed outputregulator. The Rt1 and Rt2 are the line resistances. It isobvious that the VLOAD is less than the VOUT by the sum ofthe voltage drops along the line resistances. In this case, theload regulation seen at the RLOAD would be degraded fromthe data sheet specification. To improve this, the load shouldbe tied directly to the output terminal on the positive side anddirectly tied to the ground terminal on the negative side.

LM1117-5.0 Line Transient Response

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FIGURE 1. Basic Adjustable Regulator

DS100919-18

FIGURE 2. Typical Application using Fixed OutputRegulator

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APPLICATION NOTE (Continued)When the adjustable regulator is used (Figure 3), the bestperformance is obtained with the positive side of the resistorR1 tied directly to the output terminal of the regulator ratherthan near the load. This eliminates line drops from appearingeffectively in series with the reference and degrading regu-lation. For example, a 5V regulator with 0.05 resistancebetween the regulator and load will have a load regulationdue to line resistance of 0.05 x IL. If R1 (=125) is con-nected near the load, the effective line resistance will be0.05 (1+R2/R1) or in this case, it is 4 times worse. Inaddition, the ground side of the resistor R2 can be returnednear the ground of the load to provide remote ground sens-ing and improve load regulation.

4.0 Protection DiodesUnder normal operation, the LM1117 regulators do not needany protection diode. With the adjustable device, the internalresistance between the adjust and output terminals limits thecurrent. No diode is needed to divert the current around theregulator even with capacitor on the adjust terminal. Theadjust pin can take a transient signal of 25V with respect tothe output voltage without damaging the device.When a output capacitor is connected to a regulator and theinput is shorted to ground, the output capacitor will dischargeinto the output of the regulator. The discharge current de-pends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage of theregulator, and rate of decrease of VIN. In the LM1117 regu-lators, the internal diode between the output and input pinscan withstand microsecond surge currents of 10A to 20A.With an extremely large output capacitor (1000 F), andwith input instantaneously shorted to ground, the regulatorcould be damaged.In this case, an external diode is recommended between theoutput and input pins to protect the regulator, as shown inFigure 4.

5.0 Heatsink RequirementsWhen an integrated circuit operates with an appreciablecurrent, its junction temperature is elevated. It is important toquantify its thermal limits in order to achieve acceptableperformance and reliability. This limit is determined by sum-ming the individual parts consisting of a series of tempera-ture rises from the semiconductor junction to the operatingenvironment. A one-dimensional steady-state model of con-duction heat transfer is demonstrated in Figure 5. The heatgenerated at the device junction flows through the die to thedie attach pad, through the lead frame to the surroundingcase material, to the printed circuit board, and eventually tothe ambient environment. Below is a list of variables thatmay affect the thermal resistance and in turn the need for aheatsink.

RJC(Component Vari-ables)

RCA (Application Vari-ables)

Leadframe Size &Material

Mounting Pad Size,Material, & Location

No. of Conduction Pins Placement of MountingPad

Die Size PCB Size & MaterialDie Attach Material Traces Length & WidthMolding Compound Sizeand Material

Adjacent Heat Sources

Volume of AirAmbient TemperatueShape of Mounting Pad

DS100919-19

FIGURE 3. Best Load Regulation using AdjustableOutput Regulator

DS100919-15

FIGURE 4. Regulator with Protection Diode

DS100919-37

FIGURE 5. Cross-sectional view of Integrated CircuitMounted on a printed circuit board. Note that the casetemperature is measured at the point where the leads

contact with the mounting pad surface

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APPLICATION NOTE (Continued)The LM1117 regulators have internal thermal shutdown toprotect the device from over-heating. Under all possibleoperating conditions, the junction temperature of the LM1117must be within the range of 0C to 125C. A heatsink may berequired depending on the maximum power dissipation andmaximum ambient temperature of the application. To deter-mine if a heatsink is needed, the power dissipated by theregulator, PD , must be calculated:

IIN = IL + IGPD = (VIN-VOUT)I L + VINIG

Figure 6 shows the voltages and currents which are presentin the circuit.

The next parameter which must be calculated is the maxi-mum allowable temperature rise, TR(max):

TR(max) = TJ(max)-TA(max)where TJ(max) is the maximum allowable junction tempera-ture (125C), and TA(max) is the maximum ambient tem-perature which will be encountered in the application.Using the calculated values for TR(max) and PD, the maxi-mum allowable value for the junction-to-ambient thermalresistance (JA) can be calculated:

JA = TR(max)/PDIf the maximum allowable value for JA is found to be136C/W for SOT-223 package or 79C/W for TO-220package or 92C/W for TO-252 package, no heatsink isneeded since the package alone will dissipate enough heatto satisfy these requirements. If the calculated value for JAfalls below these limits, a heatsink is required.As a design aid, Table 1 shows the value of the JA ofSOT-223 and TO-252 for different heatsink area. The copperpatterns that we used to measure these JAs are shown atthe end of the Application Notes Section. Figure 7 and Figure8 reflects the same test results as what are in the Table 1Figure 9 and Figure 10 shows the maximum allowable powerdissipation vs. ambient temperature for the SOT-223 andTO-252 device. Figures Figure 11 and Figure 12 shows themaximum allowable power dissipation vs. copper area (in2)for the SOT-223 and TO-252 devices. Please see AN1028for power enhancement techniques to be used with SOT-223and TO-252 packages.

TABLE 1. JA Different Heatsink Area

Layout Copper Area Thermal ResistanceTop Side (in2)* Bottom Side (in2) (JA,C/W) SOT-223 (JA,C/W) TO-252

1 0.0123 0 136 1032 0.066 0 123 873 0.3 0 84 604 0.53 0 75 545 0.76 0 69 526 1 0 66 477 0 0.2 115 848 0 0.4 98 709 0 0.6 89 6310 0 0.8 82 5711 0 1 79 5712 0.066 0.066 125 8913 0.175 0.175 93 7214 0.284 0.284 83 6115 0.392 0.392 75 5516 0.5 0.5 70 53

*Tab of device attached to topside copper

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FIGURE 6. Power Dissipation Diagram

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APPLICATION NOTE (Continued)

DS100919-13

FIGURE 7. JA vs. 1oz Copper Area for SOT-223

DS100919-34

FIGURE 8. JA vs. 2oz Copper Area for TO-252

DS100919-12

FIGURE 9. Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation vs.Ambient Temperature for SOT-223

DS100919-36

FIGURE 10. Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation vs.Ambient Temperature for TO-252

DS100919-14

FIGURE 11. Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation vs.1oz Copper Area for SOT-223

DS100919-35

FIGURE 12. Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation vs.2oz Copper Area for TO-252

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APPLICATION NOTE (Continued)

DS100919-41

FIGURE 13. Top View of the Thermal Test Pattern in Actual Scale

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APPLICATION NOTE (Continued)

DS100919-42

FIGURE 14. Bottom View of the Thermal Test Pattern in Actual Scale

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Typical Application Circuits

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Adjusting Output of Fixed RegulatorsDS100919-31

Regulator with Reference

DS100919-29

1.25V to 10V Adjustable Regulator with ImprovedRipple Rejection

DS100919-27

5V Logic Regulator with Electronic Shutdown*

DS100919-32

Battery Backed-Up Regulated Supply

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Typical Application Circuits (Continued)

DS100919-33

Low Dropout Negative Supply

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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

3-Lead SOT-223NS Package Number MA04A

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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

3-Lead TO-220NS Package Number T03B

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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

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1. Life support devices or systems are devices orsystems which, (a) are intended for surgical implantinto the body, or (b) support or sustain life, andwhose failure to perform when properly used inaccordance with instructions for use provided in thelabeling, can be reasonably expected to result in asignificant injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a lifesupport device or system whose failure to performcan be reasonably expected to cause the failure ofthe life support device or system, or to affect itssafety or effectiveness.

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3-Lead TO-252NS Package Number TD03B

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National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

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