lltech atlas of images
TRANSCRIPT
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1 LLTECH 2011
LLTech
Light-CT Scanner
Atlas of images
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2 LLTECH 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS
BREAST Page 5
SKIN Page 11
CORNEA Page 15
PROSTATE Page 18
LUNG Page 23
KIDNEY Page 27
BRAIN Page 30
HEAD & NECK Page 35
COSMETOLOGY Page 39
CELLS Page 44
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Page 49
PLANTS Page 61
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS RESEARCH APPLICATIONS
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CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
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BREAST AND LYMPH NODES- Extemporaneous analysis for cancer surgery
- Biobanking selection
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Grainy aspect of normal
fibrous tissue
Duct with
calcification
Lobule Adipocytes Vessel
Healthy breast tissue
Courtesy of Hpital Tenon, Paris, FranceAssayag et al, TCRT Express 1(1):e600254
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Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)
Enlarged lobule
Duct with necrosis
Histology and LightCT images reveal the enlarged abnormal lobules and ducts characteristic of DCIS
Assayag et al, TCRT Express 1(1):e600254
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Lobular carcinoma
In-situ carcinoma cells
Invasive carcinoma cells
1 mm100 m
100 m
Tumorous cells are visible in in-situ and invasive carcinoma
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100m
Highly scattering
thin trabeculae
aspect: fibrous
tissue in the
tumourous part
Grainy medium
scattering aspect:
healthy fibrous
tissue
Invasive adenocarcinoma: nodular tumor
Interface of the tumourous and normal
appearing part :
Grey zones corresponding to foci
of carcinomatous cells
Tumour margin
500m
500m
Courtesy of Hpital Tenon, Paris, France
Assayag et al, TCRT Express 1(1):e600254
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Nodules containing
lymphoid tissue
Normal Sentinel Node
Adipocytes in hilum
Capsule Grieve et al Proc SPIE 2013
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Lymphoid zone
Invaded zone
Invaded Sentinel Node
Bright white aspect,
highly scattering dense
collagen meshwork
Grieve et al Proc SPIE 2013
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SKIN
- Extemporaneous margin analysis for cancersurgery
- Biobanking selection
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Epidermis
Collagen
Pilosebaceous
unit
Sweat gland
Adipocytes
b
a
c
e
d
500 m
Normal skin morphology: vertical section
Dalimier and Salomon Dermatology 224, 84-92 (2012)
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Skin pathologies: basal cell carcinoma discrimination
at structural level
Dense peritumoral stroma
Dalimier and Salomon Dermatology 224, 84-92 (2012)
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Zoom on basal cell carcinoma:
discrimination at cellular level
200 m
100 m
Peritumoral stroma
High cell density
Courtesy of Hopitaux Universitaires de Genve, Genve, Switzerland
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CORNEA
- Biobanking selection
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Surface epithelium Intermediary epithelium Basal epithelium
Bowmans layer Stromal keratocytes Endothelial cells
Cross sectional view En face views
Normal human cornea
100 m 100 m
LightCT imaging reveals the structures of normal cornea: epithelium, Bowmans layer, stroma, Descemets membrane,
and endothelium.
Use of LightCT in Eye Banks would allow graft cornea integrity to be assessed prior to transplant.Current practice examines only the epithelial surface and endothelial cells under a traditional specular microscope.
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Subepithelial fibrosis
Intraepithelial edema
LightCT cross section LightCT en face
Cornea with bullous keratopathy
Sub-epithelial
fibrosis
Optovue OCT in vivo on patientHistology
Histology, conventional OCT and Light CT views of the same region are compared.
The improvement in resolution with LightCT compared to conventional OCT is appreciated.
Pathological areas of subepithelial fibrosis and intraepithelial edema are identified.
Bowmans layer is clearly visible under the area of fibrosis.
150 m 150 m 100 m
Ghouali et alARVO (2013)
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PROSTATE
- Biobanking selection- Biopsy quality assessment
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1 mm
Human prostatic glands with hyperplasia
Courtesy of Hpital Tenon, Paris, France
Zoom on hyperplasic gland
100 m
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3D imaging of glands
Stack of 150 images with 1 m step
50 m
50 m
50 m
sagittal
coronal
oblique
Sagittal reconstruction
Coronal reconstruction
Oblique reconstruction
Courtesy of Hpital Tenon, Paris, France
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1 mm
1 mm
Biopsy imaging
Courtesy of Hpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Tumorous glands
200 m
Courtesy of Hpital Cochin, Paris, France
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LUNG
- Biobanking selection- Biopsy quality assessment
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Cross section of rat lung
Jain et al.J Pathol Inform 2011, 2:28.Courtesy of Weill Medical College, NY, USA
500 m
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Non-neoplastic human lung tissue
Alveoli
Blood vessel
Collapsed lung
Jain et al. Pathology Visions 2013.
Courtesy of Weill Medical College, NY, USA
500 m
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Adenocarcinoma of lung with lepidic & invasive
components
Lepidic
Invasive Invasive
Lepidic
InvasiveInvasive
500 m
100 m 100 m
Courtesy of Weill Medical College, NY, USA
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KIDNEY
- Biobanking selection- Biopsy quality assessment
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Non-neoplastic kidney tissue
Glomerulus
Tubules
Blood
vessel
Caron et al. Proc SPIE 2013
Blood vesselGlomerulus
Tubules
200 m
Courtesy of Weill Medical College, NY, USA
100 m
100 m
100 m
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Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
Sheets of cells
Normal
architecture is
replaced by
sheets of cells
Sheets of cells
Courtesy of Weill Medical College, NY, USA
100 m
50 m
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BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD- Biobank selection
- In-vivo potential for surgical guidance
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LightCT imaging of human epileptic brain and cerebellum identifies myelinated
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Neuron cell bodies (dark dots)
Axons/myelin fibers
Capillary
Cortex
White matter
Axon bundles
LightCT imaging of human epileptic brain and cerebellum identifies myelinated
axon fibers, a subpopulation of neuronal cell bodies and CNS vasculature.
Varlet et al 2013(submitted)
50 m
50 m
80 m
500 m
50 m
80 m
50 m
Hippocampus: Coronal section (left side)
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CA4 field
Hippocampal sulcus
Alveus
Sub-Ependymal
zone
CA1 field of the cornus ammonis
Stratum radiatus
of the CA1 field
Stratum granulosum of the dentate gyrus
Pyramidal neurons of the CA4 field
responsible for memory
Hippocampus: Coronal section (left side)
900 m
40 m
40 m
80 m
80 m
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Choroid Plexus Papilloma : Xanthomatous changes
Characteristic cauliflower-like masses
Empty papilla
Papilla filled with blood
Single layer of plexus cellsRare (0.5%) benign tumors
Diagnosis possible directly on FF-OCT imageVarlet et al 2013 (submitted)
50 m
50 m
20 m150 m
50 m
50 m
20 m
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LightCT images allow the distinction of meningiomas
from meningeal haemangiopericytoma
Collagen bundles
Whorls
Calcification
Collagen balls
Meningioma psammoma diagnosis possible directly on FF-OCT image
80% of meningiomas are benign.
Histologically, meningioma cells are relatively uniform, with a tendency to encircle one another, forming
whorls and psammoma bodies (laminated calcific concretions). They have a tendency to calcify and are
highly vascularized. Areas of fibrosis may be present.Varlet et al 2013 (submitted)
50 m
10 m
10 m500 m
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HEAD AND NECK TISSUE
- Biobanking selection- Extemporaneous margin analysis for
cancer surgery
- In-vivo potential for surgical guidance
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Gl t500 m
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Glossectomy
Tumorous tongue tissue
Courtesy of Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
Thin trabeculae aspect of
the fibrous tissue
Cell nuclei1 mm
500 m 500 m
Gl t
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Glossectomy
Mouth floor
Courtesy of Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
Epithelial cell
nuclei
Spinous cells
1 mm
500 m 500 m
500 m
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RESEARCH APPLICATIONS
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COSMETOLOGY- In-vivo layer thickness measurement, cell count,
epidermis/dermis junction analysis, for ageing
and hydration evaluation
- Skin model analysis
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En face skin slicing shows structural and cellular details
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Stratum corneum Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale Reticular region
Epidermis
Dermis
En-face skin slicing shows structural and cellular details
Melanin
papillary caps
Keratinocyte
nuclei
Blood vessels
Collagen
Corneocytes
100 m 100 m
100 m100 m
LLTech 2012 Courtesy of Hopitaux Universitaires de Genve, Genve, Switzerland
V ti l t ti f f li i
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Vertical reconstructions from en-face slicing:
Layer count and measurement
50 m
Stratum corneum
Stratum spinosum
Dermis
Human skin (in-vivo)
Skin model
Dalimier and Salomon Dermatology 224, 84-92 (2012)
Stack of images
-> vertical sections
Keratinocyte nuclei
Melanin caps at the
epidermis/dermis
junction
Blood vessel50 m
Evaluation of stratumcorneum thickness:
10 m
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Naevus imaging
500 microns
Dermal papillae
Hair follicule
100 m
50 m
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3D views
Wrinkle
Stratum corneum Stratum spinosum
Epidermis (separated by sodium bromide)
50 m
Reconstructed vertical slice
Dalimier and Salomon Dermatology 224, 84-92 (2012)
100 m
Corneocytes
Fingerprints (in-vivo)
Sweat duct
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CELL IMAGING- Cell count in native tissues and scaffolds
- Volume and shape analysis
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Adipocytes in human tissue
9 m depth 27 m depth 60 m depth
Reconstructed
depth slice
200 m
50 m
200 m 200 m
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Effect of fibrosis on adipocyte shape
Reconstructed vertical views of adipocytes in gel 3D modelling of adipocyte
No fibrosis
With fibrosis
50 m
50 m
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Cell scaffold
Scaffold en-face view
Scaffold reconstructed depth slice
100 m
100 m
Courtesy of University of Toronto, Canada
Hepatocytes
nuclei are visible
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Individual cells
100 m
Courtesy of Universit de Reims, France
Isolate collagen cells
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DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
- Time series analysis- Reconstructed depth slices and 3D imaging
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Developmental biology: Drosophila
200 m
Courtesy of ESPCI, Paris, France
In vivo imaging of drosophila melanogaster:
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automated time series over 72 hours
Prepupa (0-2 h)Transition to
pupal stage (24 h)
Pupal stage (48 h)Advanced pupal phase
before eclosion (72 h)
Courtesy of ESPCI, Paris, France
In vivo imaging of drosophila melanogaster
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100 um
4 days
Courtesy of ESPCI, Paris, France
Xenopus Laevis
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Otic vesicle
Cartilage
Xenopus Laevis
100 um
Pigmented cells
Courtesy of Muse National dHistoire Naturelle, Paris, France
Xenopus Laevis: back/tail
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Xenopus Laevis: back/tail
100 um
30 m depth 60 m depth
MyoseptumEpithelial
cells
Neural
cells
Courtesy of Muse National dHistoire Naturelle, Paris, France
Xenopus Laevis
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Xenopus Laevis
50 um
Reconstructed vertical slices from stacks of images
Courtesy of Muse National dHistoire Naturelle, Paris, France
Xenopus Laevis eye en face slices
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Xenopus Laevis eye: en face slices
Surface 10 m depth 20 m depth 30 m depth
40 m depth 50 m depth 60 m depth 70 m depth
80 m depth200 um
230 m depth140 m depth 180 m depth
Courtesy of Muse National dHistoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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Copepod
100 um
Courtesy of Laboratoire de Rgulation des Signaux de Division, EA4479, University of Lille
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Zebra fish eye
100 m
100 m
En face slices
Reconstructed depth slice
Courtesy of Inserm, Paris, France
10 m depth 20 m depth 45 m depth
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Zebrafish brain female, 1 year old
50 um
Courtesy of Laboratoire Hubert Curien, Saint Etienne
Reconstructed view from stack of images
C Elegans Fast identification of anatomy
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30 m depth
ovocytes
intestine
100 m
C. Elegans Fast identification of anatomy
Body wall - cuticle
gonad arm
uterus100 m
15 m depth
LLTech 2012 Courtesy of ENS, Paris, France
3D reconstruction
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PLANTS
- High resolution reconstructed depthslices and 3D imaging
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Leaf veins fresh leaf sample
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Leaf veins fresh leaf sample
Fibers
Veins
100 m
500 m
Courtesy of ESPCI, Paris, France
Apple
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Apple
100 m
Wax
Skin
Flesh
500 m
Water
Courtesy of ESPCI, Paris, France
Sorghum : cross section
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g
Wide field en face
14 mm x 15 mm
Courtesy of Plate-forme d'Histocytologie et d'Imagerie Cellulaire Vgtale (PHIV), Montpellier RIO Imaging
Sorghum cross section: native field view
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800 m x 800 m en face field
Courtesy of Plate-forme d'Histocytologie et d'Imagerie Cellulaire Vgtale (PHIV)Montpellier RIO Imaging
Sorghum cross section: native field view
Reconstructed
depth slices
500 m sample
thickness
Rice: hypocotyle
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Rice: hypocotyle
Wide field en face
5mm x 2mm
Reconstructed depth slice, 200um penetration depth
Courtesy of Plate-forme d'Histocytologie et d'Imagerie Cellulaire Vgtale (PHIV), Montpellier RIO Imaging
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Contacts
LLTech, Inc.
103 Carnegie Center Drive
Suite 300
Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
Phone: +1 609 995 3506
LLTech
Ppinire Paris Sant Cochin
29 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques
75014 Paris
Phone: +33 1 82 72 61 25
www.lltechimaging.com