lkeku; fn'kk&funsz'k · lsds.mjh ijh{kk mÙkh.kz dh gks rks bu ijh{kkvksa dks ek/;fed...

Pre D.El.Ed Exam., 2020, R.D.E., BIKANER PAGE 1

Pre D.El.Ed Examination,2020

izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (lkekU;@laLd`r) izos'k ijh{kk] 2020 (Formerly Known as B.S.T.C)

lkekU; fn'kk&funsZ'k gsYiykbu uEcj %0151-2226570

E-mail [email protected] osclkbV % www.predeled.com , www.predeled.in

vuqØef.kdk

dz-la- fo"k; i`"B la-

1- ik=rk] vkWu ykbu vkosnu dh izfØ;k]ijh{kk vkosnu] ijh{kk 'kqYd 2&3

2 Mh-,y-,M- izos'k ijh{kk] 2020 ds fy, lkekU; funsZ'k 4&6

3 ijh{kk vk;kstu izfØ;k,oa ikB~;Øe 7&8

4 ikB~;Øe 9

4 vkosnd dh ?kks"k.kk 10

5 vkof.Vr laLFkk@laLFkku esa mifLFkfr ds le; vkosnu i= ds lkFk

izLrqr fd;s tkus okys nLrkost dh lwph

11

6 vkosnd gsrq vU; funsZ'k 12&13

http://www.http/education.rajasthan.gov.in/elementary



dk;kZy;] leUo;d] izh Mh0,y0,M0 ijh{kk] 2020 ,oa iath;d] f'k{kk

foHkkxh; ijh{kk,¡] jktLFkku] chdkusj

f”k{kk funs”kky; ifjlj] ykyx<+] chdkusj&334001

Pre D.El.Ed Examination,2020 izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (lkekU;@laLd`r) izos'k ijh{kk] 2020

vf/klwpuk la[;k & 01@2020 fnukad 13-06-2020

jktLFkku jkT; esa lapkfyr fofHkUu f”k{kd izf”k{k.k laLFkkvksa esa D.El.Ed(lkekU;@laLdr̀½] tks fd iwoZ

esa ch-,l-Vh-lh dgykrk Fkk] eas izos'k gsrq jkT; ljdkj ,oa jk"V~h; v/;kid f'k{kk ifj"kn~ ds

fu;ekuqlkj ik= vH;fFkZ;ksa ls izos'k ijh{kk]2020ds fy, vkWuykbZu vkosnu&i= vkeaf=r fd;s tk jgs gSaA

Ø-la- fooj.k egRoiw.kZ frfFk;ka

1- vkWuykbZu vkosnu i=ksa dh miyC/krk 15-6-2020

2- ijh{kk “kqYd dh vafre frfFk 15-7-2020

3- vkWuykbZu vkosnu djus dh vafre frfFk 17-7-2020 ¼jkf= 12 cts rd½

4- izos”k ijh{kk 30-8-2020

(A.) ik=rk %

'kS{kf.kd ;ksX;rk %

1- mPp ek/;fed ijh{kk vFkok led{k ijh{kk esa U;wure vad izfr'kr fofHkUu oxksZ ds fy, fuEukuqlkj

gksaxsA

f'k{kd izf'k{k.k ikB~;dze lkekU; vuq-

tkfr@vuq-

tutkfr

vk-sch-lh-

¼v-fi-o-½

,oa ,e-

ch-lh-

fnO;kax lkekU; oxZ dh

fo/kok@ifjR;Drk

@rykd'kqnk

efgyk,a

Mh-,y-,M-

(lkekU;@laLdr̀½]2020 (Formerly Known as B.S.T.C)

50 % 45% 45% 45% 45%

okafNr U;wure izkIrkad izfr'kr x.kuk esa ,d vad Hkh de Lohdk;Z ugha gksxkA ¼mnkgj.k ds

fy, & ;fn fdlh lkekU; ,oa vU; vH;FkhZ ds mPp ek/;fed ijh{kk ;k led{k ijh{kk esa

dze'k% 49-99 izfr'kr] 44-99 izfr'kr vad gaS rks os vH;FkhZ Hkh izos'k ds fy, vkosnu gsrq v;ksX;

gkasxsA½

tks vkosnd o"kZ 2020 esa mPp ek/;fed ijh{kk esa lfEefyr gks jgs gSa] os Hkh vkosnu djus gsrq

ik= gkasxs] ijUrq mUgs dkmUlfyax ds le; rd ik=rk dh lHkh 'krksZ a dks iw.kZ djuk vfuok;Z

gksxkA

(B)vk;q % vkosnd dh vk;q 01 tqykbZ]2020 dks 28 o"kZ ls vf/kd ugha gksA fo/kok] rykd'kqnk ,oa

ifjR;äk efgykvksa rFkk jktdh; f'k{kdksa ds fy, vk;q lhek esa dksbZ cU/ku ugha gSA vuqlqfpr tkfr @


vuqlwfpr tutkfr @ vU; fiNM+k oxZ@ vfr fiNMk oxZ@vkfFkZd :i ls fiNM+k oxZ ,oa efgykvksa ds

fy, jktLFkku jkT; ljdkj }kjk fu/kkZfjr izko/kkuksa@fu;eksa ds vuq:i vk;q lhek esa NwV ns; gksxhA

(C.) vkj{k.k % izos'k ds fy, vkj{k.k jkT; ljdkj ds fu;ekuqlkj gksxkA

(D.) vkosnu izfØ;k %

1- vkosnu%&vkWuykbZu vkosnugekjh vf/kd`rosclkbVwww.predeled.comvFkok

www.predeled.in ds ek/;e ls fd;s tk ldsaxs A

vH;FkhZ jkT; ds fu/kkZfjr bZ&fe= fd;ksLd ds ek/;e ls QkWeZ Hkj ldrs gSa ,oa ijh{kk

'kqYd tek djok ldrs gSaA bl gsrq vH;FkhZ }kjk :i;s 30@&(vkosnu i= Hkjus ,oa ijh{kk

'kqYd tek djus gsrq) dh jkf'k lsok iznkrk dks lsok 'kqYd ds :i esa ns; gksxhA

vH;FkhZ Lo;a ds Lrj ls Hkh vkosnu dj ldrs gaSA ijh{kk 'kqYd tek djkus gsrq

vkWu&ykbu iseasV MsfcV dkMZ@ØsfMV dkMZ vFkok usV cSfdax ds tfj, fd;k tk ldsxk

rFkk lQyrkiwoZd vkWu&ykbZu Hkqxrku ds i'pkr~ vius vkosnu i= dh gkMZ dkWih fizaV dj

ldsaxsA

vkosnu i= vkWu ykbZu gh Lohdk;Z gkasxs] dk;kZy; dks gkMZ dkWih izsf"kr u djsaA fdlh

Hkh ifjfLFkfr esa gkFk ls Hkjs vkosnu i=@vkWQykbu vkosnu Lohdk;Z ugha gksaxsA

vkWuykbZu vkosnu izfØ;k esa leLr izfof"V;ka lko/kkuh iwoZd dj mldk fizaV ysarFkk

ijh{kk vkosnu i= dh gkMZ dkWih vius ikl lEHkky dj j[ksa] ftls dkmalfyax ds le;

funsZ'kkuqlkj tek djokuk vko';d gksxkA

2- vkosnu 'kqYd %&

D.El.Ed.(lkekU;)vFkok D.El.Ed.(laLd`r)&fdlh ,d ikB~;Øegsrq :i;s 400@&

D.El.Ed.(lkekU;) ,oa D.El.Ed.(laLd`r)&nksuksa ikB~;Øeksa gsrq :i;s 450@&

uksV%&

vkosnd osclkbV ij miyC/k foLr`r fn'kkfunsZ'k lko/kkuh iwoZd i<+dj gh vkosnu djsaA

ijh{kk lEcU/kh vko';d lwpuk,¡;Fkk lEHko SMSds ek/;e ls izsf"kr dh tk;saxhA vr%

vkosnd viuk lgh eksckbZy Qksu uEcj HkjsaA

dk;kZy; le; % izkr%10-00 cts ls lk;a5 cts rd ¼dk;Z fnol½

gsYiykbZu uEcj % %0151-2226570

E-mail : [email protected]

osclkbV %www.predeled.comvFkokwww.predeled.in

leUo;d






Mh-,y-,M- izos”k ijh{kk] 2020 ds fy, lkekU; funsZ”k

vkosnu lEcU/kh vU; funsZ'k%&

vkosnd viuk uohure ikliksVZ lkbt jaxhu QksVks ¼vf/kdre 100 ds-ch-½ vkSj gLrk{kj

¼vf/kdre 50 ds-ch-½ dks vyx&vyx LdSu dj JPG/GIF/BMPcuk,¡Avkosnd viuh ek/;fed]

mPp ek/;fed dh vadrkfydk o izek.k&i=] vkj{k.k izek.k&i=] lcdsVsxjh

¼fo/kok@rykd”kqnk@fnO;kax@HkwriwoZ lSfud@VkMk lgfj;k bR;kfn½ izek.k&i= vius lkFk

j[ksaA

osclkbV ij vkWuykbu vkosnu i= miyC/k gSa ftUgas vH;FkhZ bZ&fe= fd;ksLd ds ek/;e ls ;k

Lo;a ds dEI;wVj }kjk Hkj ldrs gSaA QksVks o gLrk{kj dks viyksM dj vko”;d lwpuk dh

izfof"V;ka djus ds Ik”pkr~~ gkMZ dkWih fudkydj ?kks’k.kk&i= ,oa vko”;d izek.k&i=ksa dh

lR;kfir QksVksizfr vius ikl lqjf{kr o lEHkky dj j[ksa] ftls ijh{kk ds Ik”pkr~~ dkmalfyax ds

le; izos”k gsrq vkoafVr l aLFkku esa tek djokuk gksxkA

vH;FkhZ dks MkmuykWM fd;s x;s vkosnu i= o ?kks’k.kk&i= dh gkMZ dkWih vius ikl lqjf{kr

laHkky dj j[k ysuh pkfg,] ftls dkmalfyax ds Ik”pkr~~ izos”k gsr q vkoafVr laLFkku esa tek

djokuk vko”;d gksxkA vH;FkhZ bUgas vius ikl lqjf{kr j[ksaA vH;FkhZ ds vkosnu dh lkW¶V

dkWihlsvH;FkhZ }kjk tek djk;h xbZ gkMZ dkWih dk vko”;drk iM+us ij feyku fd;k tk;sxkA

¼c½ vkWu ykbu vkosnu i= vH;FkhZ Lo;a Hkjas vFkok viuh ns[k&js[k esa lko/kkuh iwoZd Hkjok,¡A

vkosnu&i= fdlh vU; tfj;s] tSls&lkbcj dSQs vkWijsVj vkfn] }kjk Hkjs tkus dh fLFkfr esa

vH;FkhZ leLr lwpuk,a vius izek.k&i=ksa ds vuqlkj vkosnu&i= esa lko/kkuh iwoZd tk¡pus ds

Ik”pkr gh OK djsaA vH;fFkZ;ksa dks lwfpr fd;k tkrk gS fd vkWuykbZu vkosnu djrs le;

vius izek.k&i= lkFk j[ksa o mlh vk/kkj ij izfof’V;k¡djsaA

¼l½izos”k i= gekjh vf/kd`r̀ osclkbVwww.predeled.comvFkok www.predeled.inij miyC/k jgssaxsA vkosnd bl dk;kZy; dh mä mYysf[kr osclkbZV vFkok blds fyad ij pkgh

x;h lwpuk,¡ izfo’V dj izos”k i= izkIr dj ldsaxsAijh{kk ds fy, dksbZ izos”k i= dk;kZy; }kjk

Mkd ls ugha Hkstk tk;sxkA

vkWu ykbu Hkqxrku ds }kjk vkosnu “kqYd tek djokus ds Ik”pkr~~ Hkh ;fn vkosnu&i= dk

fizaV@izos'k i= ugha fudyrk gS rks bl dk;kZy; dh osc lkbV ij miyC/k gsYi ykbu uEcj

ij lEidZ djsaA

tks vH;FkhZ izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek(D.El..Ed.) -lkekU;@laLdr̀ izos'k ijh{kk]2020

vYiHkk’kkbZ laLFkku ls vYi Hkk’kk esa izos”k ds bPNqd gksa] vkWuykbu vkosnu djrs le; vius

fo’k; ds fodYi dk p;u djsaA

leLr izdkj ds lEHkkfor fooknksa dk U;kf;d {ks= chdkusjftyk U;k;ky; jgsxkA

f”k{kd izf”k{k.k ikB~~;Øe ¼D.El.Ed.½esa izos”k gsrq “kS{kf.kd ;ksX;rk jk’Vªh; v/;kid f”k{kk

ifj’kn ds ekin.Mkuqlkj gksuh vfuok;Z gSA

izos”k ds fy, vkj{k.k izko/kku jktLFkku jkT; ljdkj ds fu;ekuqlkj gksxkA

;fn vkosnd us ek/;fed f”k{kk cksMZ] jktLFkku ds vykok fdlh vU; cksMZ ls vk;ksftr

lSds.Mjh ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ dh gks rks bu ijh{kkvksa dks ek/;fed f”k{kk cksMZ jktLFkku] vtesj

}kjk led{krk dh ekU;rk izkIr gksus ij gh og izos”k gsrq ik= gksxkA ¼vH;FkhZ dks

led{krk izek.k i= izLrqr djuk gksxk½A

ek/;fed f”k{kk cksMZ] jktLFkku] vtesj ls iqjkuh iz.kkyh ds vUrxZr gk;j lSds.Mjh

ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ vkosnd Hkh vU; “krZsa iw.kZ djus ij izos”k gsrq ;ksX; ekuk tkosxk vU;Fkk

ugha

tks vkosnd o’kZ&2020 esa lhfu;j lSds.Mjh ijh{kk esa lfEefyr gks jgs gSa] os Hkh vkosnu

djus gsrq ik= gksaxs] ijUrq mUgsa dkmalfyax ds le; rd ik=rk dh lHkh “krkZas dks iw.kZ

djuk vfuok;Z gksxkA ;g fd mPp ek/;fed dk ijh{kk ifj.kke fu/kkZfjr dkmalfyax dh

fnukad rd ugha fn;s tkus ij vFkok fu/kkZfjr vad izkIr ugha gksus dh fLFkfr esa vH;FkhZ

dks dkmalfyax esa “kkfey ugha fd;k tkosxkA




vkosnd dh vk;q 01 tqykbZ] 2020dks 28 o’kZ ls vf/kd u gksA fo/kok] rykd”kqnk ,oa

ifjR;Drk efgykvksa rFkk jktdh; f”k{kdksa ds fy, vk;q lhek dk dksbZ cU/ku ugha gSA

vuqlwfpr tkfr@vuqlwfpr tutkfr@vU; fiNM+k oxZ@vfr fiNM+k oxZ@vkfFkZd :i ls

fiNM+k ,oa efgykvksa ds fy, jktLFkku jkT; ljdkj }kjk fu/kkZfjr izko/kkuksa@ fu;eksa ds

vuq:i gh vk;q lhek esa NwV nh tk ldsxhA

,sls vkosnd ftuesa “kkjhfjd nks’k@v{kerk gksa] tks mlds }kjk lEikfnr fd;s tkus okys

v/;kiu dk;Z esa ck/kk Mkyas tSls&xwaxk gksuk] cksyus esa vleFkZ gksuk] iw.kZ:i ls cgjk

gksuk] nksukas gkFkksa dk ugha gksuk] ftlls “;keiê dk;Z ugha dj lds] nksuksa iSjksa dk ugha

gksuk] ftlls d{kk esa [kM+k ugha gks lds vkfn] bl ikB~ ~;Øe esa izos”k ds ik= ugha gSa vr%

,sls vkosnd vkosnu ugha djsaA mi;qZDr ds vfrfjDr us=ka/k o vU; fnO;kax izos”k ds ik=

gksaxsA

jktLFkku fnO;kax O;fDr;ksa ds fu;kstu fu;e] 2000 ds vuqlkj esfMdy cksMZ }kjk iznÙk

fnO;kax dk izek.k&i= 40 izfr”kr ;k blls vf/kd fnO;kax gksus ij gh vkosnd fnO;kax

gsrq vkjf{kr inksa gsrq ik= ekuk tk;sxkA

vkosnd dks jkT; ds ewy fuoklh ¼cksukQkbM½ gksus dk izek.k&i= layXu djuk gksxk] tks

jkT; ljdkj }kjk vf/kd`r vf/kdkjh ¼ftyk eftLVªsV@,l-Mh-,e-½ ds }kjk fu/kkZfjr izi=

esa tkjh fd;k x;k gksAmDr izek.k i= vkosnu i= tek djkus dh vafre frfFk ls iwoZ dk

gksuk pkfg,A

jktLFkku ds vuqlwfpr tkfr@vuqlwfpr tutkfr@VkMk@lgfj;k ds izek.k&i=] vU;

fiNM+k oxZ ds fy, izek.k&i=] vfr fiNM+k oxZ ,oa vkfFkZd :i ls fiNM+k oxZds fy,

izek.k&i= jkT; ljdkj }kjk vf/kd`̀r l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gksuk pkfg,A

mlesa jktLFkku ds ewy fuoklh gksus dk mYys[k gksuk pkfg,A vxj tkfr izek.k&i= esa

jktLFkku ds ewy fuokl dk mYys[k ugha gS rks l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk tkjh jktLFkku ds

ewy fuokl dk izek.k&i= vyx ls fu/kkZfjr izi= ds vuqlkj nsuk gksxkA

vU; fiNM+k oxZ]vfr fiNM+k oxZ ,oa vkfFkZd :i ls fiNM+k oxZvkfn ds lEcU/k esa tkjh

izek.k&i= ,d o’kZ ds fy, ekU; gksxkAØhehys;j esa ugha gksus dk “kiFk i= nsus ij

izek.k&i= vkxkeh o’kZ esa Hkh ekU; gksxk rFkk ,slk vf/kdre 03 o’kZ rd gh fd;k tk

ldsxkA

fo/kok efgyk dks vius ifr dk e``R;q izek.k&i= rFkk iqufoZokg ugha djus dk “kiFk&i=]

tks fd uksVjh ifCyd ls izekf.kr gks] nsuk gksxkA

vH;FkhZ ds rykd”kqnk@ifjR;Drk efgyk gksus dh fLFkfr esa U;k;ky; dh fMØh rFkk

iqufoZokg ugha djus dk “kiFk&i= tks fd uksVjh ifCyd ls izekf.kr gks] nsuk gksxkA

vko”;d izek.k&i= l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk tkjh gksus pkfg, ¡ vU;Fkk ekU; ugha gkasxsA

jktLFkku jkT; ds vH;fFkZ;ksa ds vfrfjDr lHkh vH;FkhZ lkekU; Js.kh esa ekU; gksaxs] ,sls

vH;fFkZ;ksa dks fdlh Hkh rjg dk vkj{k.k ns; ugha gksxkA

l= 2011&12 ls vf/klwfpr tutkfr mik;kstuk {ks= ds LFkkuh; vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds

vH;FkhZ dks lsok iwoZ f”k{kd izf”k{k.k ikB~~;Øe esa izkof/kr vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds 12

izfr”kr vkj{k.k dk 45 izfr”kr vkj{k.k lEiw.kZ jkT; esa fLFkr f”k{kd izf”k{kd laLFkkvksa esa

,ulhVhbZ }kjk Lohd``r lhVksa ij ykxw jgsxkA ;g vkj{k.k vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds 12

izfr”kr vkj{k.k ds v/;/khu gh ns; gksxkA tutkfr mi ;kstuk {ks= ds vuqlwfpr

tutkfr ds vH;fFkZ;ksa ds dksVs dh lhVsa [kkyh jgus ij vU; vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds

vH;fFkZ;ksa ls mDr lhVsa Hkjh tk ldsaxhA

lHkh laoxksaZ ds fy, vkj{k.k jkT; ljdkj ds fu;ekuqlkj ns; gksxkA

izos”k {kerk dh vf/kdre 5 izfr”kr lhVksa ij jkT; ls ckgj ds vH;fFkZ;ksa dks eSfjV ds

vk/kkj ij izos”k fn;k tk ldsxkAjktLFkku jkT; ds ckgj ds vH;FkhZ lkekU; Js.kh esa gh

ik= gksaxsA


jkT; ljdkj }kjk izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.) esa vkj{k.k gsrq tkjh

fn”kk&funsZ”k ekU; gksaxs] ftldh tkudkjh le;≤ ij vf/kd`r osclkbV ls izkIr dh

tk ldsxhA

vYila[;d ntkZ izkIr v/;kid f'k{kk laLFkkvksa@laLFkkuksa esa ojh;rkuqlkj fu/kkZfjr 51

izfr”kr lhVksa ij vYila[;d dksVs esa uksMy ,tsUlh }kjk izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek

(D.El..Ed.)izos”k ijh{kk esa lQy jgs vYi la[;d vH;fFkZ;ksa dks ,oa “ks’k 49 izfr”kr lhVksa

ij Hkh lkekU; dksVs ds izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.)izos”k ijh{kk esa lQy jgs

vH;fFkZ;ksa dks izos”k ,tsUlh }kjk gh izos”k fn;k tkosxkA fdlh Hkh v/;kid f'k{kk

laLFkku@laLFkk dks vius Lrj ij fdlh Hkh vH;FkhZ dks izos”k fn;s tkus dk izko/kku ugha

gSA

izh Mh-,y-,M- ijh{kk esa ojh;rk izkIr lHkh vH;FkhZ dkmalfyax “kqYd tek djk dj

dkmlafyax esa “kkfey gks ldsaxsaA vH;FkhZ vf/kdre egkfo|ky; fodYi dk p;u djsa

ftlls fd mudk izos”k lqfuf”pr gks ldsA egkfo|ky; vkoaVu u gksus dh n”kk esa os

Lor% gh bl izfØ;k ls ckgj gks tk;saxsAmudk dkmlafyax “kqYd mfpr izfØ;k }kjk

fu;ekuqlkj ykSVk fn;k tkosxkA

vH;fFkZ;ksa dks dkmalfyax “kqYd ykSVkus esa gksus oky s foyEc dks ns[krs gq, mUgsa lwfpr

fd;k tkrk gS fd os viuk cSad [kkrk [kqyok;s rFkk dkmlafyax gsrq jftLVªs”ku djkrs

le; viuk [kkrk e; cSad dk uke ,oa IFSC lgh ,oa Li’V vafdr djsa ftlls

fddkmlafyax “kqYd ykSVkus esa lqfo/kk gksA

izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.) - lkekU;@laLd`r izos'k ijh{kk]2020 esa ojh;rk

izkIr vH;fFkZ;ksa dh dkmalfyaxnks pj.kksa esa dh tkuh izLrkfor gSA dqy lhV~l ds 02

izfr”kr ls vf/kd lhV~l fjDr gksus ij r``rh; pj.k esa Hkh dkmalfyax }kjk vkoaVu fd;k

tk ldsxkA izR;sd pj.k esa viokMZ ewoesUV }kjk ojh;rkuqlkj vH;fFkZ;ksa ds

laLFkku@laLFkk dk LFkkukUrj.k fd;k tkuk izLrkfor gSA

izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.) -lkekU;@laLd`r izos'k ijh{kk]2020esa jkT; ljdkj

ds fu;ekuqlkj ¼v½ fo/kok ,oa ifjR;Drk ¼c½ fnO;kax ¼L=h o iq:’k½ ¼l½ ,dy efgyk

¼vfookfgr½ dk egkfo|ky; LFkkukUrj.k dkmlafyax }kjk vkoaVu iw.kZ gksus ds Ik”pkr~~

fjDr lhV~l ij fd;k tkuk izLrkfor gSA LFkkukUrj.k dh ikjnf”kZrk cuk, j[kus ds fy,

vkWu ykbu izfØ;k }kjk vH;fFkZ;ksa }kjk vkosnu fd;k tkuk izLrkfor gSA LFkkukUrj.k

ojh;rk ds vuqlkj gh fd;k tk;sxkA

j{kk vkfJrksa ¼Defence½ gsrq izek.k i= lEcfU/kr ;wfUkV ds estj@lSfud cksMZ ds lfpo

}kjk izek.k i= izLrqr djuk gksxkA izek.k i= izLrqr ugha fd;s tkus dh fLFkfr bl Js.kh

dk ykHk ns; ugha gksxkA B.S.F, C.R.P.F ,oa lhekorhZ cyksa ds dkfeZdksa@vf/kdkfj;ksa o

vkfJrksa dks ;g YkkHk ns; ugha gksxkA


ijh{kk vk;kstu izfØ;k

1- ijh{kk fnukad 30vxLr] 2020 ¼jfookj½ dksfu/kkZfjr ijh{kk dsUnzksa ij nksigj 2 ih-,e- ls

05%00 ih-,e- cts rd vk;ksftr dh tkosxhA

2- ijh{kk izos”k i= izkfIr %&gekjh vf/kd`rosc lkbVwww.predeled.comvFkok

www.predeled.inlsijh{kk frfFk ls 7 fnol iwoZ MkmuyksM fd;s tk ldsaxsA

3- ijh{kk dsUnz ij ijh{kk izkjEHk gksus ds vk/kk ?k.Vk iwoZ vko”;d :Ik ls igq¡p dj LFkku xzg.k

djuk gksxkA

4- ijh{kk dsUnz ij vH;FkhZ Question Booklet izkIr dj] voyksdu Ik”pkr~~ ;g lqfuf”pr dj

ysosa fd mlds lHkh i``’B iw.kZ gSa] dksbZ Hkh i``’B {kfrxzLr ugha gSa rFkk iz”ukas dk Øekad c<+rs

Øe esa gSA{kfrxzLr@=qfViw.kZQuestion Booklet rFkk OMR Sheet dks ijh{kk izkjEHk gksus ds 10

feuV rd cnyok ysosaA blds Ik”pkr~~ dksbZ cnyko ugha gksxk rFkkbldh leLr ftEesnkjh

Lo;a vH;FkhZ dh gksxhA

5- fdlh Hkh vH;FkhZ dks ijh{kk dh fu/kkZfjr vof/k lekIr gksus ls iwoZ ijh{kk d{k NksM+us dh

vuqefr ugha gksxhA

6- ijh{kk lekfIr ds Ik”pkr~~ Question Booklet o OMR Sheet oh{kd ¼Invigilator½ dks lqiqnZ

djus ds ckn gh ijh{kk d{k NksMsa+A

7- iz”u i= lajpuk %& iz”u&i= pkj [k.Mksa esa foHkkftr gksxkA dqy iz”uksa dh la[;k 200

gksxhA lHkh iz”u cgqoSdfYid ¼Multiple Choice Type Questions½ izdkj ds gksaxsA lHkh iz”uksa

ds vad leku gSa ,oa izR;sd iz”u 03 vad dk gSA fdlh Hkh izdkj dk udkjkRed vadu

¼Negative Marking½ ugha gksxkA iz”u i= lajpuk fuEu izdkj gksxh %&

[k.M v c l n

I II III

fo’k; Ekkufld

;ksX;rk

jktLFkku dh

lkekU;

tkudkjh

f”k{k.k

vfHk{kerk

vaxzsth laLd``r fgUnh

iz”uksa dh la[;k 50 50 50 20 30 30

vad 150 150 150 60 90 90

8- iz”u&i= lEcU/kh lwpuk %&Question Booklet esa dqy 200 cgqoSdfYid ¼Muliple Choce

Question½ iz”u gksasxsA i zR;sd iz”u esa oSdfYid mÙkj gksaxsA iz”u i= pkj [k.Mksa ¼v]c]l]n½ esa

foHkDr gksxkA [k.M ^n* rhu mi[k.Mksa ¼I-vaxzsth] II-laLd``r ,oa III-fgUnh½ esa foHkkftr

gksxkA [k.M v]c]l ,oa n dk mi[k.M I-vaxzsth Hkkx lHkh vkosndksa dks gy djuk vko”;d

gksxkA[k.M ^n* dk mi[k.M II-laLd``r Hkkx izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.) -

laLd``rikB~~;Øe esa izos”k ysus okys vkosndksa dks gy djuk gksxk rFkk [k.M ^n* dk mi[k.M

III-fgUnh Hkkx izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.) -lkekU; ikB~;Øe esa izos”k ysus okys

vkosndksa dks gy djuk vko”;d gSA

9- tks vH;FkhZ izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.) -lkekU; ,oa izkjafHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek

(D.El..Ed.) - laLd``r nksuksa dk p;u djrs g]Sa mUgs [k.M ^n^ dk mi&[k.M II- laLd``r Hkkx

gy djuk gksxkA



mailto:%7bkfrxzLr@=qfViw.kZ


10- ijh{kk ds leLr iz”u cgqoSdfYid ¼Muliple Choce Question½ gksaxsa rFkk buds lgh mÙkj ds

fy, vkidks nh x;h OMR Sheet ds lacaf/kr iz”u la[;k ds lkeus vafdr A,B,C,D okys

xksys dks gh dkyk@uhyk djuk gksxkA vU; LFkku dks dkyk@uhyk djus ;k

A,B,C,Dfy[kus ij vkidh OMR Sheet dk vadu ugha gksxkAblds fy, vki Lo;a mÙkjnk;h

gkssaxsA

11- OMR Sheet lEcU/kh lwpuk %&

¼v½ ijh{kk izkjEHk gksus ls iwoZ OMR Sheet dh leLr izfof’V;ksa dh iwfrZ djsaA vH;FkhZ OMR

Sheet esa jksy uEcj ,oa Question Booklet uEcj lko/kkuhiwoZd lgh vafdr djsa vkSj viuk

jksy uEcj izos”k i= ls tk¡p dj fy[k asA vH;FkhZ dk ifj.kke OMR e”khu }kjk Answer

Sheet esa vius }kjk Hkjk x;k Question Booklet uEcj ds vk/kkj ij gh rS;kj fd;k tkosxkA

¼c½ OMR Sheet pkj [k.Mksa esa foHkDr gksxhA i zR;sd [k.M esa 50 iz”u gksxsaA izR;sd iz”u ds

U;wure pkj ÞoSdfYid mÙkjß A,B,C,D ds :Ik esa gksaxsA

¼l½OMR Sheet esa lgh mÙkj okys xksys dks dkys@uhys ckWy ikabV isu ls iwjk xgjk djsaA

¼n½ ,d iz”u ds mÙkj ds fy, ,d gh xksys dks dkyk@uhyk djsa] rFkk jQ dk;Z u djsaA

¼;½ xksys dks gh dkyk@uhyk djsa] vU;= ;k ikl esa cuk;s x;s xksys dk vadu ugha gksxkA

¼j½ OMR Sheet dk ewY;kadu Scanning }kjk gksxkA vr% lEiw.kZ xksyk xgjk dkyk@uhyk djsaA

¼y½ ijh{kk lekfIr ds Ik”pkr~~ ijh{kkFkhZ OMR Sheet o Question Booklet oh{kd ¼Invigilator½ dks

lqiqnZ djus ds ckn gh viuk d{k NksMsaA

¼o½ Question Paper ds lEcU/k esa fdlh Hkh izdkj dh f”kdk;r gksus ij ijh{kk dsUnz ij izkjfEHkd

f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.) i;Zos{kd dks viuh f”kdk;r fyf[kr esa nsoasA


Pre D.El.Ed Examination,2020

izkjfEHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (lkekU;@laLd`r) izos'k ijh{kk] 2020 (Formerly Known as B.S.T.C)

ikB~;Øe dh laf{kIr :ijs[kk

vf/kdre vad

¼v½ Mental Ability ¼ekufld ;ksX;rk½ & 50 iz”u 150 vad

Reasoning ¼rkfdZd ;ksX;rk½] Analogy ¼nks oLrqvksa dh vkaf”kd lekurk ;k

le:irk½] Discrimination ¼foHksnhdj.k½] Relationship¼lEcU/krk½]

Analysis ¼fo”ys’k.k½] Logical Thinking ¼rkfdZd fpUru½

¼c½ General Awareness of Rajasthan ¼jktLFkku dh lkekU; tkudkjh½& 50 iz”u 150 vad

Historical Aspect ¼,sfrgkfld i{k½] Political Aspect ¼jktuSfrd i{k½]

Art, Culture and Literature Aspect ¼dyk] laLd``fr vkSj lkfgR; i{k½]

Economic Aspect ¼vkfFkZd i{k½] Geographical Aspect ¼HkkSxksfyd i{k½]

Folk Life ¼yksd thou½] Social Aspect ¼lkekftd i{k½] Tourism Aspect ¼Ik;ZVu i{k½

¼l½ Teaching Aptitude ¼f”k{k.k vfHk{kerk½ & 50 iz”u 150 vad

Teaching Learning ¼f”k{k.k vf/kxe½] Leadership Quality ¼usr``Ro xq.k½]

Creativity ¼l``tukRedrk½] Continuous and Comprehensive

Evaluation ¼lrr ,oa O;kid ewY;kadu½] Communication Skills ¼laizs’k.k

dkS”ky½] Professional Attitude¼O;kolkf;d vfHko``fÙk½ Social Sensitivity¼lkekftd laosnu”khyrk½

¼n½ Language Ability ¼Hkk’kk ;ksX;rk½ & 50 iz”u

I- English- 20 iz”u 60 vad

Comprehension, Spotting Errors, Narration, Prepositions, Articles, Connectives, Correction of Sentences, Kind of Sentences, Sentence Completion, Tense, Vocabulary, Synonym, Antonym, One Word Substitution, Spelling Errors.

II. Sanskrit laLd``r&30 iz”u 90 vad

¼dsoy izkjafHkd f'k{kk esa fMIyksek (D.El..Ed.)-laLd``r ikB~;Øe esa izos”k ysus okys

fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy,½

Loj] O;atu] ¼mPpkj.k LFkku½] “kCn :i ¼vdkjkUr iqfYyax] vdjkUr L=hfyax]

uiqaldfyax½ /kkrq:Ik ¼yV~~ydkj] yksVydkj] yM~~-ydkj ,oa fof/kfayaxydkj½] milxZ

,oa izR;;] laf/k ¼Loj] O;atu ,oa folxZ laf/k½] lekl ¼rRiq:’k] f}xq ,oa deZ/kkj;

lekl½] fyax ,oa opu] foHkfDr;ka ,oa dkjd Kku

vFkok

III. Hindi ¼fgUnh½&30 iz”u 90 vad

“kCn Kku&Ik;kZ;okph “kCn] foykse “kCnA ;qXe “kCn] okD; fopkj] “kqf)dj.k ¼”kCn

“kqf) ,oa okD; “kqf)½] eqgkojs ,oa dgkorsa] laf/k] lekl] milxZ] izR;;] okD;ka”k ds

fy, ,d lkFkZd “kCnA


vkosnd }kjk ?kks’k.kk

¼dkmUlfyax ds le; vkosnu i= ds lkFk layXu djsa½

eSa] --------------------------------------------------iq=@iq=h@iRuh Jh--------------------------------------------------------¼uke½

?kks’k.kk djrk@djrh gw¡ fd %&

1- eSaus izh Mh-,y-,M- ¼lkekU;½@izh Mh-,y-,M-¼laLdr̀½ ijh{kk] 2020 ls lEcfU/kr fu;eksa ds fy,

fu/kkZfjr lkEkkU; funsZ”kksa dk v/;;u dj fy;k gSA

2- eSa fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa tek “kqYd dks ykSVkus ds fy, ugh dgw¡xk@dgw¡xhA

3- eq>s fdlh Hkh vkijkf/kd dR̀; ds fy, fdlh Hkh U;k;ky; }kjk dHkh nf.Mr ugh fd;k x;k gSA

4- ¼v½ fdlh xyrh ;k fookn dh fLFkfr esa igys eSa izdj.k lEcU/kh iw.kZ oLrqfLFkfr ds lkFk

^leUo;d] izh Mh-,y-,M-] chdkusj^ dsdk;kZy; esa izfrosnu Hkstw¡xk@Hkstw¡xh vkSj 60 fnol esa

ekeys dk fuLrkj.k u gksus ds Ik”pkr~ gh U;k;ky; esas U;k; gsrq ok¡fNr dk;Zokgh

d:axk@d:axhA ¼c½ ;fn eSaus vdkj.k vFkok okLrfod rF;ksa dks rksM&ejksM+ dj lEkUo;d

dk;kZy; ds fo:) U;k;ky; esa dksbZ okn nk;j fd;k rks leUo;d dks leqfpr eqvkotk nsus

dks ck/; gksÅ¡xk@gksÅ¡xhA

¼l½ fdlh Hkh fof/kd okn dh fLFkfr esa U;kf;d {ks= dsoy chdkusj 'kgj fLFkrU;k;ky;

gh jgsxkA ;g eq>s Lohdkj gSA

5- vU; fiNMk oxZ ¼vks-ch-lh-½] vfr fiNMk oxZ ¼,e-ch-lh-½,oa vkfFkZd :i ls detksj oxZ

¼bZ-MCyw-,l-½ ds fy, tkjh izek.k i= jkT; ljdkj }kjk fu/kkZfjr vof/k ds fy, ekU;

gksxkA ;fn izek.k i= fu/kkZfjr vof/k ls iqjkuk vFkok dkykrhr gS rks ,slh fLFkfr esa

vkj{k.k ds fy, esjk nkok fujLr le>k tkosA

6- vkosnu i= esa deh ;k =qfV gksus] rF; Nqikus ;k xyr rF; izLrqr djus ij vkosnu

i= dks fdlh Hkh Lrj ij fujLr fd;s tkus gsrq esjh lgefr gSA

7- eSa Lo;a ijh{kk izos”k i= vf/kdr̀ osclkbV www.predeled.comvFkok www.predeled.inls

gh MkmuyksM d:¡xk@d:¡xhA

8- laLFkk esa izos'k ds le; esjs ewy nLrkostksa dk vfUre lR;kiu fd;s tkus ij ;fn fdlh Hkh

izdkj dh dksbZ =qfV ;k deh ikbZ tkrh gS vFkok dksbZ rF; xyr ik;k tkrk gS rks bldh lEiw.kZ

ftEesnkjh esjh Lo;a dh gksxhA ,sls esa esjk izos'k fujLr fd;k tk ldsxkA

9- esjs }kjk vkWuykbu izLrqrdh xbZ tkudkfj;ksa vFkok rF;ksadkeSaus vius nLrkostksa ls lko/kkuhiwoZd

feykufd;k gSA bu RkF;ksa vFkok tkudkfj;ksa ds fy, eSa tokcnsg jgw¡xk@jgw¡xhA

10- eSa bl rF; ls HkyhHkk¡fr voxr gw¡ fd esjs fdlh Hkh nLrkost dk bl ijh{kk ls iwoZ dksbZ

lR;kiu ugh fd;k x;k gSA vr% eSa leLr okafNr ewy nLrkost izos”k ds le;] izos”k nsus okyh

laLFkk ds le{k izLrqr dj nw¡xk@nw¡xhA

11- dkmUlfyax esa vkof.Vr v/;kid f'k{kk laLFkku@laLFkk esa izos”k ugh ysus ij esjh izos”k ik=rk

Lor% jn~n le>h tkosxhA ,sls esa eSa fdlh izdkj dh 'kqYd jkf'k ykSVkus dk nkok djus dk

gdnkj ugha jgw¡xkA

fnukad% -------------------------------- ¼gLrk{kj] vH;FkhZ½

Qksu uEcj e; dksM-----------------------

Ekksckby Qksu-uEcj-----------------------




lR;kiu

eSa ¼vH;FkhZ dk uke½-----------------------------------------------------------------lR;kiu djrk@djrh gw¡ fd mDr

“kiFk i= esa vafdr lHkh dFku@rF; esjh tkudkjh ,oa fu’Bk ds vuqlkj lgh ,oa lR; g aSA

blesa eSaus dksbZ Hkh rF; ugh Nqik;k gSA

gLrk{kj------------------------------------------

¼lR;kfir djus okys vf/kdkjh dk uke ,oa in ½

vH;FkhZ dk uke---------------------------

uksV %& eftLVsªV@uksVjh ifCyd@vkWFk dfe”kuj@jktif=r vf/kdkjh esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d ls

lR;kfir djk;sa

vkoafVr v/;kid f'k{kk laLFkku@laLFkk eas mifLFkfr ds le; vkosnu i= ds lkFk laYkXudksa dh lwph %

Ø-la- [email protected]&i= dk uke layXu la-

1 vkosnd }kjk ?kks’k.kk

2 lSd.Mjh@led{k dh vadrkfydk dh lR;kfir izfr

3 lhfu;j lSd.Mjh@led{k dh vadrkfydk dh lR;kfir izfr

4 ewy fuokl izek.k i= dh lR;kfir izfr

5 tkfr izek.k i= dh lR;kfir izfr

6 vU; fiNMk oxZ@vfr fiNMk oxZ@ vkfFkZd :i ls fiNM+k oxZ ds

fy, izek.k i=] tks fd 1 o’kZ ls vf/kd iqjkuk uk gks] dh izfr

7 “kkjhfjd fnO;kaxrk ds izek.k i= dh lR;kfir izfrA

8 fo/kok efgyk dh fLFkfr esa ifr dh e``R;q dk izek.k i= ,oa iqufoZokg

ugha djus dk “kiFk i=] tks uksVjh ifCyd ls izekf.kr gksA

9 rykd”kqnk@ifjR;Drk efgyk dks U;k;ky; }kjk tkjh fMØh dhs

izekf.kr izfrfyfi ,oa iqufoZokg ugh djus dk “kiFk&i=] tks uksVjh

ifCyd ls izekf.kr gksA

10 HkwriwoZ lSfud ds vkfJr gksus ds izek.k&i= dh lR;kfir izfrA

11 VkMk@lgfj;k ls lEcfU/kr izek.k&i= dh lR;kfir izfrA

12 v/;kid f'k{kk laLFkku@laLFkk vkoaVu i= dh izfrA

13 vU;

14 dqy layXudksa dh la[;k

vkosnd ds gLrk{kj

mailto:[email protected]&i

mailto:lSd.Mjh@led%7bk

mailto:lSd.Mjh@led%7bk



(Formerly Known as B.S.T.C)

vkosnd d̀i;k /;ku nsa%&

1- vkosnd vius vkWu ykbu vkosnu i= dks lEHkkydj j[ksaA bls funsZ”kkuqlkj dkmalfyax ds

mijkar vkoafVr laLFkku@laLFkk esa tek djkuk gksxkA bls dk;kZy; leUo;d] izh Mh-,y-,M-

ijh{kk] 2020 ,oa iath;d f'k{kk foHkkxh; ijh{kk,a] jktLFkku] chdkusjdks lh/ks gh Mkd }kjk

ugha HkstsaA ,sls Hksts x;s vkosnu i= ij dksbZ fopkj ugha fd;k tk;sxk vkSj vkosnu i= fujLr

le>s tk;saxsA

2- ik=rk vki Lo;a lqfuf”pr djsaA lQy gksus ij Hkh vik=rk dh n”kk esa vkidk izos”k fdlh

Hkh Lrj ij fujLr dj fn;k tk;sxk ,oa ijh{kk 'kqYd jkf'k ugha ykSVk;h tk;sxhA

3- ijh{kk esa OMR Sheetdks Hkjus ds fy, dkyh@uhyh L;kgh ds ckWy ikWbUVsM isu dk gh iz;ksx

djsaA

4- Negative Marking ¼udkjkRed vadu½ ugha gksxhA

5- bl izos”k iwoZ ijh{kk dk “kqYd fdlh Hkh n”kk esa izR;iZ.kh; ¼Refundable½ ugha gSA vr% fu;eksa

vkSj funsZ”kksa ds vUrxZr tks vkosnd iw.kZ ik=rk j[krs gS a] dsoy os gh vkosnu djsaA

6- ftys dk uke ,oa ladsrkad dh lwpuk vkosnu&i= esa nh x;h gSA ijh{kk dsUnz ifjorZu gsrq dksbZ

izkFkZuk&i= Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk;sxk rFkkfi dsUnz vkoaVu ds lEcU/k esa leUo;d dk fu.kZ;

vfUre gksxkA

7- ijh{kk ifj.kke ds Ik”pkr~~ vkWu&ykbu dkmalfyax ds }kjk v/;kid f'k{kk laLFkk@laLFkkuksa dk

vko.Vu gksxkA dkmalfyax ds le; vkidks v/;kid f'k{kk laLFkk@laLFkkuksa dk] ftuesa vki

izos”k ysuk pkg a sxs] ojh;rk ls vkWu ykbu izfØ;k }kjk p;u dj ykWd fd;k tkosA

uksV%&mi;qZDr of.kZr funsZ'kksa esa of.kZr leLr izdkj dh 'krksZ] vgZrkvksa]

;ksX;rkvkas ,oa fu;eksa dk 'kklu }kjk fu/kkZfjr fu;eksa rFkk fof/k lEer

izfØ;k@ekuuh; U;k;ky; ds vkfnukad fu.kZ;ksa ls iw.kZ@vkaf'kd foHksn gksus

ij bUgsa vfUre ugh ekuk tk,xkA fofHkUu frfFk;ksa esa ekuuh; fuokZpu vk;ksx

vFkok lkoZtfud fgr esa 'kklu }kjk fu/kkZfjr vU; dk;ZØeksa ds vuqlkj

ifjorZu lEHko gS rFkk ,sls fdlh vifjgk;Z ifjorZu@la'kks/ku@lao/kZu dks

fdlh Hkh Lrj ij pqukSrh ugh nh tk ldsxhaA ,slh leLr lwpuk,¡sa gekjh

mYysf[kr osc lkbV ij viMsV dj nh tk;saxhA


leUo;d

vfr egRoiw.kZ psrkouh

uksV%& ijh{kk dsUnz ij eksckby Qksu] CywVwFk vFkok fdlh Hkh izdkj ds bySDVªkWfud midj.k dk

ijh{kkFkhZ ds lkFk yk;k tkuk l[r oftZr gSA

vH;fFkZ;ksa gsrq fo”ks’k lwpuk


vkWu ykbu vkosnu djrs le; vH;FkhZ ;g lqfuf”pr dj ysa fd os izos”kgsrq

“kS{kf.kd ;ksX;rk] vk;q o lEcfU/kr laoxZ dh iw.kZ ;ksX;rk j[krs gSaA

ijh{kk esa Hkkx ysus o ojh;rk izkIr djus ds Ik”pkr~~ Hkh ;ksX;rk ugha j[kus ij

vH;FkhZ dkmalfyax vFkok izos”k gsrq ik= ugha ekuk tkosxkA

vH;fFkZ;ksa ds ijh{kk esa lEefyr gksus ds fy, izos”k i= esa QksVks gsrq fjDr LFkku

ij vkWu ykbu viyksM fd;s x;s QksVks dk ewy QksVks pLik dj gLrk{kj oh{kd

ds lkeus djuk gksxkA bldh tkap l{ke Lrj ij dh tk;sxhA

vkWu ykbu vkosnu djus ls iwoZ vH;FkhZ bl vf/klwpuk dks lko/kkuhiwoZd i<sa+ vkSj

le> ysaA fdlh rjg dk lansg gksus ij dk;kZy; dhs gSYi ykbu ¼0151&2226570½

ls lEidZ dj lUnsg dk fujkdj.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl vf/klwpuk dh ,d

izfr vH;FkhZ vius ikl lqjf{kr j[ksaA

vH;FkhZ le; & le; ij vf/kd`r osc lkbVwww.predeled.comvFkok

www.predeled.indk voyksdu djsa ,oa fn;s x, funsZ'kksa dh ikyuk djsaA

ijh{kk ds nkSjku ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa dks ijh{kk dh 'kqfprk] ifo=rk ,oa

xfjek cuk;s j[kuh gksxhA udy djus] udy djus dk iz;kl

djus vFkok vuqfpr@oftZr lk/kuksa dk ijh{kk esa iz;ksx djus

vFkok iz;ksx djus dh dksf'k'k djuk oftZr gksxk rFkk bls

xEHkhjrk ls fy;k tk;sxkA

ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa dks lko/kku fd;k tkrk gS fd vuqfpr lk/kuksa

dk mi;ksx djus ;k mudk lgkjk ysus ds nks"k esa lafyIr ik;s

tkus ij ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa ,oa mUgsa ,sls vuqfpr dk;ksZ esa enn djus

okyks ds fo:) jktLFkku lkoZtfud ijh{kk ¼vuqfpr lk/kuksa dh

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nksuksa ls nf.Mr djus dk izko/kku gSA



lkeku; fn'kk&funsz'k · lsds.mjh ijh{kk mÙkh.kz dh gks rks bu ijh{kkvksa dks ek/;fed...

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