Living and ChangingLiving and Changing

I can list features that

can be used to classify

the five groups of

living beings

• There are millions of species on our planet. It would be difficult if we just tried to describe and name each one individually. Although species can be very different from each other, many of them have similar features that allow us to put them into groups.

• Putting different species into different groups according to their features is

called classification.

Why do we classify organisms? Why do we classify organisms?

Scientists across the world all use and recognise the same classification system.

In this classification system they start off using very big groups that include a lot of animals, and then move down to smaller groups that do not include as many animals.

The biggest groups are called the KINGDOMS. All living things are classified into five different kingdoms.

The Classification SystemThe Classification System

Organisms

Animals

Plants

Monerans

Protists

Fungi

Jellyfish, worms, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, amphibians, fish, reptiles, birds and mammals.

Seed bearing plants and non-seed bearing plants

Bacteria and cyanobacteria

Single-celled and multicellular organisms without tissues

Moulds, mushrooms and toadstools

Invertebrates

These animals do not have a backbone.

They have soft inner

bodies which are held in shape by a flexible

covering of outer cells or by a hard covering called

an exoskeleton.

Invertebrates

These animals do not have a backbone.

They have soft inner

bodies which are held in shape by a flexible

covering of outer cells or by a hard covering called

an exoskeleton.

Vertebrates

These animals have a backbone.

They have a firmer body because of the muscles that connect to their skeleton.

Vertebrates

These animals have a backbone.

They have a firmer body because of the muscles that connect to their skeleton.

Animals

Animals

Vertebrates Invertebrates

These animals do not have a backbone. They have soft inner bodies which are held in shape by a flexible covering of outer cells or by a hard covering called an exoskeleton.

These animals have a backbone.

They have a firmer body because of the muscles that connect to their skeleton.

•Live in water

•Breathe with gills

•Streamlined bodies

•Have cartilage or bony

skeleton

•Cold blooded

•Mostly lay eggs

FishFish

Amphibians

•Moist skin

•Lay their eggs in water

•Larvae have gills and live in water

•Adults have lungs and live on land

•Cold blooded

AmphibiansAmphibians

Reptiles

•Have dry, scaly skins

•Egg laying

•Breathe with lungs

•Cold blooded

ReptilesReptiles

Birds

•Have feathers and wings

•Lay eggs with hard shells

•Breathe with lungs

•Warm blooded

BirdsBirds

Mammals

•Have body hair or fur

•Have mammary glands that produce milk

•Warm blooded

MammalsMammals

Invertebrates

These animals do not have a backbone.

They have soft inner

bodies which are held in shape by a flexible

covering of outer cells or by a hard covering called

an exoskeleton.

Invertebrates

These animals do not have a backbone.

They have soft inner

bodies which are held in shape by a flexible

covering of outer cells or by a hard covering called

an exoskeleton.

Animals

Invertebrates

•Hollow bodied

•Mouth is the only body

opening and is surrounded by

tentacles

•Uses sting cells to paralyse

prey

CnidariansCnidarians

Invertebrates

•Flat thin bodies

•Digestive system has

only one opening

•Animals are both male

and females

•Mostly parasites

FlatwormsFlatworms

Invertebrates

•Rounded bodied

•Bodies made of segments

True wormsTrue worms

Invertebrates

•Not segmented

•Body in three continuous

parts with head, body and

foot

•Have one or two shells

MolluscsMolluscs

Invertebrates

•Spiny skinned

•Body in five parts

•Central mouth with gills

EchinodermsEchinoderms

Invertebrates

•Hard exo-skeleton on outside of body•Has eyes and mouth•Body divided into more than one segment

Crustaceans Arachnids InsectsCentipede

s & Millipedes

ArthropodsArthropods

Animals

Vertebrates

Mammals

Fish

Reptiles

Amphibians

Birds

Invertebrates

Flatworms

True worms

Molluscs

Echinoderms

Cnidarians

Arthropods

whaletuna

perch

shark

sprat

sturgeon

trout

flounder

salmon

seahorse

Look at the names of the organisms below. In terms of classification which of these is the odd one out and why.

The whale is the odd one out. All of the rest are fish, a whale is a mammal.

The Odd One OutThe Odd One Out

ravenpenguin

platypus

duck

kiwi

swan

robin

eagle

pigeon

owl

Look at the names of the organisms below. In terms of classification which of these is the odd one out and why.

The platypus is the odd one out. All of the rest are birds, a platypus is a

mammal.

The Odd One OutThe Odd One OutThe Odd One Out

Look at the names of the organisms below. In terms of classification which of these is the odd one out and why.

caterpillarladybird

ant

moth

horse fly

silverfish

scorpion

cockroach

lice

cicada

The Odd One Out

The scorpion is the odd one out. All of the rest are insects, a scorpion is an arachnid.

The Odd One OutThe Odd One Out