Livestock

Weeks 10, 11, 12, 13 & 14

Pre- test

1. Name as many Livestock animals as you can?2. What is the Latin name for Cattle?3. What is the Latin name for Horses?4. What part of the animal do people eat?5. Name one cattle disease?

Define Livestock

• animals kept for sale: animals raised for food or other products, or kept for use, especially farm animals such as meat and dairy cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, goats and poultry

Latin animal names

• Domestic Duck Anas platyrhyncha • Domestic Chicken Gallus domesticus• Horse Equus caballus • European Cattle Breeds Bos taurus • Tropical Cattle Breeds Bos indicus • Domestic Sheep Ovis aries • Domestic Goat Capra hircus • Domestic Swine Sus scrofa • Domestic Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus

Livestock Diseases

• Zoonotic Disease - refers to diseases that can be passed from animals, whether wild or domesticated, to humans.

• Your assignment is to get one of the diseases on the sheet and make a poster for the disease.

Anthrax

• Bacillus anthracis • Cattle, sheep, goats, horses, wild herbivorous

animals• Worldwide; common in Africa, Asia, South

America, eastern Europe• Occupational exposure; food-borne in Africa,

Russia, and Asia; occasionally wounds or insect bites; rarely airborne

Anthrax

Top 5 Beef Breeds

• Angus• Hereford• Gelbvieh• Limousin• Simmental

Angus

Black AngusNo heat toleranceGreat Muscles and Marbling

Red AngusColor comes from double recessive gene for color

Hereford

HerefordNatural has horns (males and females)Docile (gentle)Great meat

Polled HerefordNaturally horn lessDocileGreat Meat

Gelbvieh (Gelp –fee)

Fast GrowthMusclingQuiet temperamentMarketable

Limousin

Great MuscleYellow around eye and muzzleLarge animals

Simmental

HeritableGreat MothersThick with heavier musculature

Dairy Cattle

• Aryshire• Brown Swiss• Guernsey• Holstein• Jersey

Aryshire

• Originated in Scotland

• Originally known as the Dunlop

• Color: red and white• Good feet and legs,• Excels in udder

conformation• Medium-sized frame

Brown Swiss

• Originated in Switzerland

• Because of foot and mouth disease, only 3 have been imported since 1906

• Good temperament and strong feet and legs

• Color: gray or light brown to dark brown

Guernsey

• Originated from the Isle of Guernsey

• Known for high quality (high fat and protein content) milk while consuming less feed

• Intermediate frame

Holstein

• Originated in Netherlands

• Large frame• Color: black and

white or red and white

• Known for outstanding milk production

Jersey

• Originated from the Isle of Jersey (small British isle)

• Color: very light gray to dark brown or almost black

• Known for high milk fat• Wide-range of body

weight; typically smaller-framed

Swine Breeds

• Berkshire• Duroc• Hampshire• Poland China• Yorkshire

Objective

• Know the five main swine breeds of the US• Be able to describe what they look like• Tell where they are from• Be able to tell what type they are

Berkshire

• England• US breed in 1875• Meat Type• Black body with six

white points • Erect Ears

Duroc

• USA• US breed 1957• Meat Type• Gold to dark Red,

Droopy Ears

Hampshire

• USA• US breed1893• Meat Type• Black with white belt

around body and front leg, erect ears

Poland China

• USA• US breed 1876• Meat Type• Black, Six white points,

droopy ears

Yorkshire

• England• US breed 1935• Mother Type• White, erect ears

Sheep

• Sheep are classified by body covering• Fine wool – Merino (100%)• Medium wool – ¼, 3/8 & ½ blood • Long wood – coarse, strong, luster (grows

12”/year)• Carpet wool – lowest quality• Hair – straight, non-elastic & glossy

Fine wool

Merino Rambouillet

Medium wool (meat)

Suffolk Dorset

Long wool

Leicester Long wool Lincoln Long wool

Carpet wool breeds

Elliottdale Romney

Hair wool

Pelibuey Barbados

Goat Breeds

• Dairy – milk, cheese, soap• Meat – eaten worldwide• Brush cleanup• Pack – hikes• Fiber – Mohair/Angora/Cashmere

Dairy

NIGERIAN DWARF NUBIAN

Meat

French Alpine La Mancha

Brush Clean up

½ Nubian & ½ Alpine

Pack

Fiber (Mohair/Angora/Cashmere)

Poultry