LIVESTOCK RESOURCES OF

UTTAR PRADESH

COLLEGE OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES

SVPUA&T MEERUT

INTRODUCTION

Livestock are domesticated animals raised in an

agricultural setting to produce commodities such

as- food,fiber & labor . Especially poultry, are

commonly included within the meaning of

"livestock".Livestock are generally raised for profit.

Uttar pradesh supports about 15% of india's total

livestock population of its livestock in 1961.

The fishing area in the state is over 2,000 km² and

there are more than 175 varieties of fish.

Livestock population has increased substantially in

Uttar Pradesh (14.01%).

LIVESTOCK POPULATIONS IN UTTAR PRADESH (18TH

LIVESTOCK CENSUS 2007)

LIVESTOCK SPECIES TOTAL NO. OF ANIMALS

Cattle 19097352

Buffalo 26440393

Sheep 1400474

Goat 14829064

Pig 1986793

Other livestock 212236

Poultry 17879918

ANIMAL PRODUCTION DATA IN U.P.

THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF LIVESTOCK

INCLUDES:

Meat

Dairy Products

Fiber

Fertilizer

Labor

Land management

LIVESTOCK SPECIES IN UTTAR

PRADESH

The term "livestock" is nebulous and may be

defined narrowly or broadly. On a broader

view, livestock refers to any breed or

population of animal kept by humans for a

useful, commercial purpose.

1.BUFFALO BREEDS

India has a population of 105 million

buffalos, and 26.1% of the population lives

in Uttar Pradesh.

1. BHADAWARI(ETAWAH BREED)

Home tract-Agra ,etwah region of Uttar Pradesh

Current commercial uses - Milk ,meat production (high,fat

producer)

Body colour: Light or copper coloured.

Morphometeric Traits

Body weight: Adult male is 475 kg, adult male is 425 kg.

Height at withers: Adult male is 128 cm, adult female is 124 cm.

Reproductive traits:

Age at fist calving: 48.3-50.78 months.

Dry period: 156 days.

Inter-calving period: 453 days.

Production traits:

Lactation period: 272-305 days.

Milk production: 2000-2070 kg in a lactation.

Average milk fat %: 7.2-13

Ability as draught purpose: Males are reputed as good draft animals

with heat tolerance.

2.TARAI

Home tract- Philibhit and Bareilly districts of Uttar Pradesh. Current commercial uses - Milk ,meat production

Characteristic features – Grayish brown to black coat colour on black skin. Eyelids, hooves, nose ridge, face and pastern joint are mostly black in 89 to 95% cases.

Morphometric parameters

Body weight: Adult male is 375 kg, adult female is 325 kg.

Height at withers: Adult male is 127 cm, adult female is 120 cm.

Reproductive traits

Dry period: 186.92±16.77 days.

Inter-calving period: 470.62±18.07 days.

Service period (days): 197.07±6.59 days.

Production traits

Peak daily milk yield (Kg): Poor milk producer which may be 2-3 Kg daily.

Lactation period: 250-295 days.

Milk production per lactation: About 450 kg.

Milk fat: 6.6-8.1%.

3.MURRAH

Synonyms: Black Diamond of Haryana, Asian

Tractor, Delhi buffalo.

Home tract- is Rohtak, Jind and Hisar districts of

Haryana (India).

Morphometric parameters

Body weight: The average body weight of males,

550 Kg & the females, 450-Kg.

Height at withers: The average height at withers;

male: 1.42 meter; female: 1.32 meter.

Reproductive traits

Age at fist calving: 3 years but there are buffaloes,

which calved at 3 years with good milk production.

Dry period - About three months. Inter-calving

period-400-500 days & Gestation period: 310

days (average).

Production traits

Peak daily milk yield (Kg): A peak milk yield of 31.5

kilograms in a day has been recorded . Many

animals produce more than 4000 kilograms in a

lactation of 300 day lactation.

Milk production per lactation: 14 to 15 kg/day but

upto 31.5 kilograms milk production had also been

recorded. The elite Murrah buffalo produces above

20 kg milk per day.

Milk fat: 7.2%.

2.CATTLE BREEDS

Indian cattle breeds of cattle are classified in to

three types as under:

A) Milch breeds - The examples of UP milch

breeds are Sahiwal.

B) Dual Purpose breeds-The example of this

group is Haryana breed is the much prized cattle of

Haryana and is also found in the neighbouring parts

of Delhi and Western Uttar Pradesh.

C) Draught breed-The example of this group is

Kenkatha, Kherigarh.

SAHIWAL

Domestication status-Domestic

Home tract- Originated in Montgomery region of

undivided India.

Current commercial uses -Milch purpose

Characteristic features

This breed otherwise known as Lola (loose skin),

Lambi Bar, Montgomery, Multani, Teli.Best

indigenous dairy breed.Reddish dun or pale red in

colour, sometimes flashed with white

patches.Heavy breed with symmetrical body having

loose skin.The average milk yield of this breed is

between 1400 and 2500 kgs per lactation

HARIANA

Domestication status-Domestic ,

Home tract- It was originated from Rohtak, Hisar,

Jind and Gurgaon districts of Haryana and also

popular in Punjab, UP and parts of MP .

Current commercial uses - Dual purpose

Characteristic feature- Horns are small.The

bullocks are powerful work animals.Hariana cows

are fair milkers yielding 600 to 800 kg of milk per

lactation.

MEWATI

Domestication status- Domestic

Home tract- Mathura district of UP

Current commercial uses- Dual purpose

Characteristic features-

White with dark head,neck and shoulders,tail is

long.

They are very similar to Hariana breed .

KENKATHA

Domestication status- Domestic

Home tract- They get their name from the River

Ken, as they are bred along the banks of this small

river in the hilly area of Bundelkhand.

Current commercial uses- Draught purpose,Meat

(beef, veal,Blood), dairy,Leather).

Characteristic features- The Kenwariya cattle are

small, sturdy and fairly powerful, varying in color

from gray on the barrel to dark gray on the rest of

the body. The head is short and broad and the

forehead is dished. Horns emerge from the outer

angles of the poll in a markedly forward direction

and terminate in sharp points. The dewlap is

moderately heavy.

KHERIGARH

Domestication status- Domestic

Home tract- The breed is mostly found in the

Lakhimpur Kheri district of Uttar Pradesh, India

Current commercial uses- Draught ,Meat (beef,

veal,Blood), dairy,Leather, .

Characterestic features- Kherigarh cattle are

generally white,gray in color. The face is small and

narrow. Horns are thin and upstanding and

measure 12 to 18 inches in length in bulls; cows

usually have smaller horns. The ears are small and

the eyes bright. The neck is short and looks

powerful. The hump is well-developed in bulls.

PONWAR

Home tract- Pilibhit district of Uttar Pradesh, India

Characteristic features-

The animals of this breed possess a small,narrow

face, small ears and big, bright eyes.

Ponwar cattle are black and white; the color

markings do not have any particular pattern, but

large patches of black and white are intermixed.

They are quick movers. The animals of this breed

are observed to mature late,cows are poor milkers .

3.SHEEP BREEDS

In Uttar Pradesh (1.9 million). Development of

sheep is necessary to meet the growing demand for

wool and mutton in the country and for a possible

export of these commodities.

MUZAFFARNAGARI

Domestication status- Domestic

Home tract- Muzaffarnagar, Bulandshar, Saharanpur, Meerut& Bijnor districts of Uttar Pradesh.

Current commercial uses -Meat ,wool

Characteristic features

The animals are medium to large in size, face lines slightly convex. Face and body are white with occasional patches of brown or black, ears and face occasionally black. Both sexes are polled.

Ears are long and drooping.Fleece is white, coarse and open. Belly and legs are devoid of wool. As the breed is one of the heaviest, largest and very well adapted to irrigated area.

JALAUNI

Domestication status- Domestic

Home tract- It is distributed over Jalaun, Jhansi

and Lalitpur districts of Uttar Prades.

Current commercial uses- Meat ,wool

Characteristic features-

Ears are large, flat and drooping. Tail is thin and

medium in length.

Fleece is coarse, short-stapled and open, generally

white.

Belly and legs are devoid of wool.

4.GOAT BREEDS

Goat is called the poor man’s cow because it can

be cheaply reared on meagre grass of poor quality.

It is the major supplier of mutton along with milk,

hair and skins.

In Uttar Pradesh (11.7 million). The Barabari breed

of western Uttar Pradesh and Haryana can yield

upto 2.5 kg of milk per day.

JAMUNAPARI

Domestication status- Domestic .

Current commercial uses-Mutton ,Wool .

Characteristic features-

The Jamunapari is known as the best dairy goat in

India. It is also the tallest breed and commonly

known as the "Pari" in its area of origin-the "home

tract"-because of its majestic appearance.

Its home tract and natural habitat is the

Chakarnagar area of the Etawah district in the State

of Uttar Pradesh, along the delta of the Jamuna

&Chambal Rivers.

BARBARI

Domestication status -Domestic

Home tract- The Barbari is a that is found

in Mathura District of Uttarpradesh.

Current commercial uses -Meat type breed.

Characteristic features –

They are a small size and their color is white

creamy to golden.

Spotted animals also come across. Their meat

conformation is considered good.

Triple kidding and early maturity are common

features.

5.PIG BREEDS

Here are about 100 lakh pigs providing about 5 per cent of India’s meat production in the form of pork. In Pig farming has many advantages.

The main advantages of starting commercial pig farming business in UP.

Pigs grow faster than any other animals. They have higher feed conversion efficiency.

Pigs can eat and consume almost all types of feed including grains, damaged food, forage, fruits, vegetables, garbage, sugarcane etc. Sometimes they even eat grasses and other green plants or roots.

Pigs become mature earlier than other animals. A sow can be bred for first time at their age of 8-9 months. They can farrow twice a year. And in each farrowingthey give birth of 8-12 piglets.

DESI BREED OF PIG

Domestication status- Domestic

Home tract- UP,India

Current commercial uses- consumed as fresh pork.

Characteristic features-

The colour varies from black, brown, rusty gray to an admixture of any two colours.

The hairs on the neck and part of the back are thick, long and bristly, while those on the sides and the flank are thinner and shorter.Head and shoulders are heavier as compared to hind quarters, back is slightly arched .Ears are small and medium sized. Tail reaches nearly the hock and has a tuft of hairs. Female possess 6-12 teats.

6.POULTRY BREEDS

ASEEL

Domestication status- Domestic

Home tract - Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and

Rsjasthan

Current commercial uses- This breed are well-

known for their meat qualities.

Characteristic features-They possess pea combs

which are small but firmly set on head. Wattles and

ear lobes are bright red, and the beak is hart. The

face is long and slender, and not covered with

feather. The eyes are compact, well set and present

bold looks. The neck is long, uniformly thick but no

fleshy.

CHITAGONG

Domestication status-Domestic .

Home tract - Found in the North Eastern states of India ,U.P.

Current commercial uses- This breed are well-known for their meat qualities meat.

Characteristic features - Average weight-Cock: 3.5 – 4.5 kg,Hen: 3 - 4 kg.

KARAKNATH

Domestication status- Domestic .

Home tract - The original name of the breed seems to be Kalamasi, meaning a fowl with black flesh. However, it is popularly known as Karaknath.

Current commercial uses- Layer

Characteristic features- The eggs are light brown, The skin, beak, shanks, toes and soles of feet are slatelike in colour.The comb, wattles and tongue are purple. Most of the internal organs show intense black colouration which is pronounced in trachea, thoracic and abdominal air-sacs, gonads and at the base of the heart and mesentery.

BRAHMA

Domestication status- Domestic .

Home tract - Found in the North Eastern states of India ,U.P.

Current commercial uses- Brahmas are average layers of brown eggs.

Characteristic features- The biggest types of chickens, Recognized colors are light, dark and buff. The light Brahma hen is white with black tail and black,white-edged hackles, whereas the buff Brahma hen is gold where the light is white. The dark Brahma hen has black, white-edged hackles with dark grey and black body.