Report in literature region II Cagayan Valley

Region 2Map of Cagayan valley and its provinces

batanes province,philippines

The provincial capital isBascoonBatan Island.Cagayan, province,philippines

Its capital isTuguegarao.

Isabela province,philippines

Ilagan, Isabela, Philippinesis the capital municipality of Isabela.

Nueva vizcaya, philippines

Its capital is Bayombong.

Province of quirino,philippines

Its capital isCabarroguis.

CAGAYAN VALLEY, PHILIPPINESCagayan Valley(Filipino:Lambak ng Cagayan,Ibanag:Tana' nak Cagayan,Ilokano:Tanap ti Cagayan,Itawis:Tanap yo Cagayan,Malaueg:Ga-dang yo Cagayan) is aregionof thePhilippines(also designated as Region II or Region 02). It is composed of fiveprovinces:Batanes,Cagayan,Isabela,Nueva Vizcaya, andQuirino. It has four cities: industrial centerCauayan City, its regional centerTuguegarao, its primary growth center and investment hubIlagan Cityand its premier citySantiago City.

Most of the region lies in a large valley in northeasternLuzon, between theCordillerasand theSierra Madremountain ranges. The eponymousCagayan River, the country's longest, runs through its center and flows out from its source in theCaraballo Mountainsin the south to theLuzon Straitin the north, in the town ofAparri, Cagayan. The Babuyan and Batanes island groups that lie in the Luzon Strait belong to the region.The major dialects spoken in the Cagayan Valley Region are Ilocano, Ybanag, Ytawes and Filipino but the people can understand and speak English.TRIBES IN THE REGION II- CAGAYAN VALLEYIbanags TheIbanagsare anethnolinguistic minoritynumbering a little more than half a million people, who inhabit the provinces ofCagayan, IsabelaandNueva Vizcaya. They are one of the largest ethnolinguistic minorities in thePhilippines. Ibanags speak the same language under the same name. However, due to the Philippine government's attempts at displacing minority languages and imposingFilipinoas a lingua franca, the use ofIbanag languagehas now diminished but remain strong with Ibanags living overseas. Thus while there may still be Ibanags around, the language is slowly being displaced. In addition to this, many if not most Ibanags speakIlocano, which has over the years, supplanted Ibanag as the more dominant language in the region.Ibanag is also known as "Ybanag" and "Ybanak" or "Ibanak".Their names come from the words "I"- which means "The" and "Bannag"- meaning river.

Gaddangs Will be report in the selection

Itawis TheItawes,Itawis,HitawitorItawit(endonym) are a people living in thePhilippines. Their name is derived from theItawesprefixi-meaning "people of" andtawidor "across the river".The Itawes are among the earliest inhabitants of theCagayan Valleyin northernLuzon. Other than theirmother tongue, they speak IbanagandIlokano. The contemporary Itawes are charming, friendly, and sociable. They are not very different from other lowland ChristianizedFilipino ethnic groupsin terms of livelihood, housing, and traditions. Their traditional dresses are colorful with red being the dominant color. Farming is a leading source of livelihood. The average families are education-conscious.

Yogads TheYogadswere at one time in the town of Diffun, Quirino. They now occupy the towns of Echague, Angadanan, Santiago City and Jones, of the province of Isabela. Yogads are a part of the Christianized Kalingas of Western Isabela. They are predominantly of the Indonesian type with slight mixture of Negrito and Chinese blood. They vary from reddish brown to dark brown in complexion, are round-headed, have straight black hair, dark brown eyes and noses of medium breadth with low regular features. Like other Filipinos, they are practically beardless.Their culture, like that of the other Christian groups of the lowland is tinctured by Spanish civilization. Although the people retain many of the primitive customs and beliefs. Formerly they practiced the kaingin system.Their principal product is tobacco, while corn is their important food supply. Fond of hunting, the Sierra Madre Mountains are their hunting grounds. They also do considerable basketwork and dwell in a structure of wood like bamboo, or in mountain cave with a thatched or bamboo roof. The men wear shirt and trousers and the women wear camisa and skirt. Yogads are fond of music and dances.Yogad is also the language used by this ethnic tribe.

Isnegs -TheIsneg(also known as theIsnagandApayao) are tribes living inLuzon,Philippines. The term "Isneg" was derived from a combination of "is" meaning "recede" and "uneg" meaning "interior" which refers to the people who have gone into the interior. They speak theIsnag language.The Isnegs have been known to be a headhunting society even before the colonizers arrived. They Spaniards sought to curb this practice that they put up three missions in 1610. They fulfilled their mission for a lengthy 150 years.AnAustronesianethnic groupnative toApayao Provincein the Philippines'Cordillera Administrative Region.Their native language isIsneg(also called Isnag), although most Isnag also speakIlokano.Two major sub-groups among the Isnag are known: the Ymandaya, mostly concentrated in the municipality ofCalanasan; and the Imallod, with populations distributed among the other towns of the province. Isnag populations can also be found in the eastern part of the adjacent Provinces ofIlocos NorteandCagayan.

Alamat ng Cagayan- alamat ng buto ng kasoyNakakita na ba kayo ng kasoy? Ito ay hugis kampana, kulay dilaw at matamis pag hinog na. Kaiba sa ibang prutas, ang buto ng kasoy ay nasalabas. Kung bakit nasa labas ang buto ng kasoy ang siyang sasagutin ng alamat na ito.Sa isang gubat ay may kasayahan. Lahat ng uri ng hayop ay naroroon. Silang lahat ay masasaya, nagkakantahan at nagsasayawan. Hindi kalayuan sa kasayahan ay may isang bagay ang nakikinig at naiinggit sa kapistahang nagaganap. Ito ay walang iba kungdi ang buto ng kasoy."Sanay makalaya ako dito sa aking madilim na kinalalagyan!" Dasal ng buto ng kasoy.Nagpatuloy ang kasayahan sa labas at patuloy din ang dasal ng buto ng kasoy. Sa mga oras na iyon ay may isang engkantada na naakit sa ingay ng kasayahan. Naganyak siyang makisaya sa mga hayop. Sa gitna ng pagdiriwang ay may naulinigan ang engkantadata, isang tinig ng naghihirap at humihingi ng tulong.Nagsalita ag engkanada. "Sino kaya iyon, kawawa naman siya."Naririnig siya ng buto ng kasoy. "Oh, makapangyarihang engkantada! Para mo nang habag, ilabas mo ako dito!" Sagot ng buto.Naawa ang engkantada. Sa isang kumas niya ay biglang lumabas ang buto ng kasoy. Tuwang-tuwa ang buto sa kagandahan ng paligid. "Butihing diwata, nais ko sanang manatili dito sa labas. Ayoko nang bumalik sa madlim na pinanggalingan ko," pakiusap ng buto ng kasoy sa engkantada.Pinagbigyan ng engkantada ang kahilingan ng buto. Wala namang pagsidlang sa tuwa ang buto ng kasoy. Pagkaraan ng ilang oras ay tapos na ang pagdiriwang. Nagsiuwian na ang lahat at buong paligid ay nalukuban ng katahimikan. Hindi nagtagal, ang langit ay nagdilim. Lumakas ang ihip ng hangin at bumagsak ang isang malakas na ulan. Malakas ang kulog at matalim ang kidlat.Sa pagsungit na ito ng panahon ay natakot ang buto ng kasoy. Muli siyang tumawag sa engkantada. Oh, maawaing diwata. Pakinggan mo ako. Ibalik po ninyo ako sa aking silid. Basang-basa na ako at giniginaw na. Nakkatakot pala dito sa labas! Pagmamakaawa ng buto ng kasoy.

Subalit anumang dasal ang gawin niya ay walang kasagutang nangyari dahil sa wala sa kapaligiran ang engkantada. Nang tumigil na ang unos ay muling nagpakita ang engkantada. Nakita niya ang buto na nakabaluktot at halos hindi na magawang magsalita.Nagsalita ang engkantada. "Ito'y isang aral sa iyo. Ang lahat ng bagay ay may dapat na kalalagyan. Ito ay kailangan mong tanggapin dahil sa ito ang ipinagkaloob sa iyo ng Diyos! Pagkasabi nito ay naglaho na ang engkantada. Magmula noon ang buto ng kasoy ay nasa labas na ng prutas.

Batanes songUn as Kayaluhan

Solo:

Un as kayaluhan, kayaluhan

Chorus:

Un si payawari, paarinin

Solo:

Un nuu akma diwiyaaten

Solo:

Un as paayawa, paalangen

Chorus:

Un si wayaauat, moonay

English Translation

Yes, Let Us Hurry

Yes, let us hurry, let us hurry

Yes, we pull the oars with rhythm,

so let it be

Yes, let it be by rowers like us

Yes, we pull the oars with rhythm,

Let us pull

Yes, the oars, your very oars now

BATANES, RiddlesIvatanEnglishLakmen novuchicut ko taHold my tail and I will get ourmanghap ako su kanenta.food.-Tatari-a sharpened stick to take out Boiled tubers from the pot

Laylayan an dekey pa, as anDressed when young,

malkem danaam vahasan.undressed when grown old.

-unas-sugarcane

Makanat ako su rakuh a PugetI can carry a big log

as makanat ako aya su rayem.But I cannot carry a needle.

-ranum-sea or water

CAGAYAN,RiddlesIbanag

Ega y tadday nga ulapa

Funnuan na kana y bagui na

-kandela

Egga y babui ta Manila

Maguinna toye y guni na

-arugok

English Translation

There is a certain fool

that eats up its own body

-candle

My pig in Manila

Its mooing can be heard here.

-thunder

BIUAG AT MALANAType Non-Fiction and FictionForm-Short StoryGenre DramaVocabulary UnlockingDako Spot, PlaceNaghamok FoughtNanikluhod - Kneeling downNagbunyi - Feeling of great joy or hilarious celebrationNanggalaiti FuriousNangitngit Intensity, Irritation, Rage, Fury, HatePaglukso - Jump, Leap

Biuag at malanaAng kuwentong ito ay tanyag sa mga Ibanag. Ito ay may kaugnayan sa dalawang matitikas na binata may daang taon na ang nakakaraan. Sa Nangalauatan, isang nayon sa Rizal ang dako na pinaglabanan nina Biuag at Malana, doon makikita hanggang sa ngayon ang dalawang bundok kung saan naghamok ang dalawa dahil sa nadaramang pagmamahal ng isang magandang dilag.

Si Biuag ay katutubo ng Enrile, ang pinakatimog na bahagi ng Cagayan. Noong siyay isinilang, isang di pangkaraniwang dalaga ang dumalaw, at sa pagkakabatid ng ina, ito ay isang diyosa. Ang ina ay nanikluhod at nagmakaawang pagkalooban ng mahabang buhay ang kaniyang anak.

Hindi umimik ang diyosa, at sa halip, itinali ang tatlong maliliit na bato sa leeg ng bata. Diumano ang isa nito ay magiging sanggalang niya sa masasama. Minsan siya ay nahulog ngunit hindi man lamang ito nasasaktan. Nang siyay lumaki sinubukan niyang lumangoy sa ilog na tinitirahan ng mga buwaya, subalit walang nangyari sa kanya.

Ang dalawang bato ay bagbigay sa kanya ng kakaibang lakas at bilis. Nagagawa niyang maging mas mabilis pa sa hangin. Nang siya ay maglalabing-dalawang taong gulang, kamangha-manghang naihahagis niya ang buong kalabaw sa kanilang burol. May kakayahan siyang bunutin ang isang punungkahoy sa tulong lamang ng kanyang mga kamay, na wari moy damo lamang. Dahil sa taglay na kapangyarihan nito, siya ay dinayo ng mga tao at sinamba.

Kahit na makapangyarihan si Biuag, siya ay hindi maligaya. Natutuhan niyang mahalin ang isang dalagang tubong Tuao, isang bayan sa Cagayan. Kung sino ang dalaga ay wala ni isa man ang nakakaalam. Maging ang kanyang pinagmulan ay hindi nila malaman. Gustuhin man ni Biuag na limutin ang dalaga ay hindi makakasama ang dilag habangbuhay.

Noon din ay may isang balita ng Malaueg, Rizal, na may isang binata rin katulad ng pagkatao ni Biuag. Siya ay si Malana. Nong siyay labing-walong taong gulang, nagkaroon ng bagyo sa Malaueg, at itoy nagdulot ng gutom sa mga tao. Ang tanging inaasahang lugar na pagkukunan ng pagkain ay ang Sto. Nio na malayung-malayo sa kanila. At kinakailangan pang tumawid ng ilog na tinitirhan ng maraming buwaya.

Bunga nito, si Malana ay gumawa ng paraan. Naglakbay siya hanggang marating ang Sto. Nio, at sa kanyang paglalakbay ay ipinagdasal ng mga tao ang kanyang tagumpay.

Nang siyay makabalik, marami siyang dalang bigas, nagbunyi ang mga tao alam nilang hindi sila magugutom. Matapos niyang maipamahagi ang mga bigas ay nagpasiya na itong umuwi.

Pagdating sa kanilang bahay ay isang pana ang nakita ni Malana. Ang buong pag-aakala niya ay ang kanyang Ama ang gumawa dito. Dinampot niya ito at ibinato sa hangin, subalit ito ay bumalik sa kanya. Namangha siya dahil sa dulo nito ay may dalawang batong tulad ng kay Biuag.

Nakarating sa kaalaman ni Biuag ang pagsamba ng mga tao kay Malana. Ipinagwalang-bahala ito ni Biuag dahil ang nasa isipan niyay ang napakagandang dalaga.

Isang araw dinalaw niya ang dalaga. Nakiusap itong hingin ang kanyang kamay upang pakasalan siya. Ngunit binigo niya si Biuag at sinabi niyang si Malana ang kanyang tanging minamahal.

Nagpanting ang tainga ni Biuag sa narinig. Hindi niya ito tatanggapin. Nagsabi siyang hindi karapat-dapat si Malana para sa kanya, dako ng kinaroroonan ni Malana. Dinampot ni Malana ang pana. Tanda ng pagsang-ayon sa hamon ni Biuag.

Sumapit ang takdang araw ng kanilang labanan. Ang mga bundok ay napaligiran ng mga taong nais sumaksi sa paghahamok na iyon ng dalawa. Sa may di-kalayuan ay ang taga-Malaueg ang dumating. . Sa unahan ay ang matikas at matipunong si Malana. Nang makita si Biuag, siyany nanggalaiti sa matinding galit. Naunang nagsalita siMalana, Alam ko na kung bakit mo ako hinahamon,sabi niMalana. Ibig mong agawin ang minamahal ko. Ipinagbabawal ng Diyos ang pag-agaw na kahit ano na hindi mo pag-aari. Subalit tinatanggap ko ang hamon mo. Kung nanaisin ng dalagang minamahal ko ay aking ipaglalaban ang pagmamahal ko.

Si Biuag ay sinamahan ng mga taga-Enrile. Siyay nakatayo sa kabilang bundok tangan ang panat isang punong niyog na binunot. Dinig na dinig niya ang malakas na sigaw ng taga-Malaueg para kay Malana. Sa isip niyay gusto niyang patayin lahat ang mga tao ni Malana.

Si Malana naman ay nasa kabilang bundok. Sa kanilang kinalalagyan sa tuktok ng mga kapwa napansin nila ang pagdating ng isang bangkang tumatawid sa pagitang ng dalawang bundok na lulan ang dalagang pinag-aawayan. Nalungkot ang dalaga sa mga nagaganap. Subalit sa tingin ng dalawang magtutuos ay sadyang napakaganda ng dalaga.

Nang mapatapat ang dalaga sa kanila, biglang sumigaw siBiuagMalana, ang babaing kapwa natin minamahal ay nasa harap natin. Kung sadyang malakas ka ay humanda ka sa aking regalo na nagbuhat pa sa Enrile, dala ko para sa iyo.

Walang sabi-sabing inihagis ni Biuag ang punong niyog kay Malana. Mabilis ang pagsalo ni Malana, at hindi sa kalabaw inihagis ang punong niyog kundi sa dako ng nayong Il-Luro sa bayan ng Rizal.

Pinaniniwalaan na dito nagsisimula ang maraming niyugan sa lugar na iyon.

Lalong nagngitngit sa galit si Biuag. Hinugot ang sibat at gustong ipukol kay Malana na inaasahang sa puso nito tatamaan. Subalit sa kasamaang-palad, itoy nagmintis. Hindi sa puso ni Malana kundi sa ilog tumama ang sibat.

Humanda ka, matikas na Biuag,sigaw niMalana. Wala nang lahat ang armas mo. Pagkakataon ko naman ngayon.

Ngunit bago matapos ni Malana ang pagsasalitay biglang lumukso sa ilog sa ibaba si Biuag. Biglang nagkaroon ng malalaking alon na humampas sa malalaking bato at ito ang yumugyog sa bundok na kinatatayuan ni Malana. Nang magpakitang muli si Biuag ay tangan-tangan niya ang pinakamalaking buwaya na siyang ikinamangha ng mga taong sumaksi sa labanang iyon.

Pinilit niyang ibuka ang bunganga ng buwaya at hinamon si Malana na lumukso sa ilog.

Tinanggap ni Malana ang hamong iyon ni Biuag. Sa kanyang paglukso mula sa tuktok ng bundok ay sinalubong sa himpapawid ng dalaga si Malana. Itoy ginawa niya upang hindi mapahamak si Malana. Tiningnanng dalagasi Biuag at sinabing :Pinatunayan mong isa kang duwag dahil nagpatulong ka sa isang buwaya. Nais kong ipaalam sa iyo, ako ang anak ng diyosang nagkaloob sa iyo ng mga kapangyarihan. Hindi ka karapat-dapat sa mga bigay sa iyo ng aking diyosang Ina.

Sa tulong ng kanyang mahiwagang patpat, ang lahat ng mga taong naroon ay kanyang binasbasan, maging si Malana, pumaimbulong sila sa kalangitan kung saan naroon ang kaharian ng hangin at siya ang mahal sa Reyna. Sa tindi naman ng pagkapahiya, nilunod ni Biuag ang kanyang sarili sa ilog. At siya ay hindi na nasilayan mula noon. Pinaniniwalaan ng mga tagaroon na ang kaluluwa ni Biuag ay namamahay sa dalawang kakatwang bundok ng Il-Luru.

Significant meaning:Wag abusuhin kung ano ang meron tayo dahil di mo nalang napapansin na masamang bagay na pala ang iyong nagagawa at, di mo makukuha ang isang bagay na gusto mong makuha o makamit gamit ang pang daraya.

Personal Insights:Natutunan ko na kapag may natanggap kang isang bagay na importante, dapat ito ay ingatan mo dahil maaari itong mawala, dahil di mo napapansin na itoy napapabayaan mo na pala.Relevance:Na rerelate ko ang kwentong ito sa gobyerno, dahil may mga taong ginagamit ang kanilang yaman at kapangyarihan upang makuha nila ang kanilang mga kagustuhan habang may ibang taong mga nahihirapan.Prof. Carolina a. arceo author of frustrated wishCarolina A. Arceo is an assistant professor of English and Filipino at the Tarlac State University. A former coordinator of the Office of Public Affairs of the same University and a translator Panrehiyong Sentro ng Wikang Filipino.

Frustrated wishSo happy and trustedThese people in loveFor their sorrow they haveSomebody to share.My destiny thats so lonelyAm I alone with this?For I said I wont think twiceBecause suffering I am now.

If ever I fall in love to a ladyTheres nothing I could seeThat I have my counterpart.Time I shall forget when I was bornBetter is a thousand yearsIf at birth I was gone.

I should have tried to explainBut tounge-tide I wasFor I could clearly seeThat I wont be lucky.And it really pleases me muchThat my love for you knowSo I swear and promise youThat my life is just for you.INTERPRETATION: A person, who has someone to share with love, problems, care, happy and sorrow, has a wonderful life story. His life that seems to be sorrowful, he feels lonely that no one will comfort him and share his emotions. When he will start falling in love with a girl, he might found a person to be his guide and inspiration in every sorrow. He gets back in his memory when he was born. He thought bad things like what if he was died when he was a baby. He is trying to know why he is not lucky to have a good and thoughtfulness lady. He thought that maybe he is unlucky to have it and time will truly come. And when the time will come that his love for the lady was know, he promised to love, care and trust each other and his whole life is also given only to the lucky girl.

Ma. Luisa Aguilar Igloria Author of The Giantess and the 3 children

Luisa A. Igloria, also known asMaria Luisa Aguilar-Cariois aFilipinopoet and author of various award-winning anthologies. She is an Associate Professor in the MFA Creative Writing Program, Department of English of the Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, United States.

She was born on 3 September 1961 inBaguio City. She received her Ph.D. in English/Creative Writing from the University of Illinois at Chicago in July 1995 as a Fulbright Fellow. She finished her Master of Arts major in Literature degree from theAteneo de Manila University(ADMU) in 1988. She was also a Robert Southwell Fellow and received her first degree from theUniversity of the Philippines, Baguioin 1980 (B.A. Major in Humanities -Cum Laude - Comparative Literature, English, and Philosophy).Her works have appeared in various anthologies and journals likePoetry,Crab Orchard Review,The Missouri Review,Indiana Review,Poetry East,Smartish Pace,Rattle,The North American Review,Bellingham Review,Shearsman (UK),PRISM International (Canada),The Asian Pacific American Journal, andTriQuarterly.

Cordillera Tale The Giantess and the Three ChildrenRetold by Ma. Luisa B. Aguilar-Carino

(1) ONCE THERE WERE three orphans who lived in a small house that had a garden, because they had no rice fields and no one to hunt for them, each night they would lay sharp shells and sticks across their garden path. In this way, they would catch an occasional wild boar for food.(2) But though they would manage to trap a wily animal in their frontyardfromtimetotime,itwouldalwaysbeeatenbythevulturesor other wild animals because they had no fire on which to roast them eat. Only the giantess, Bekat, had fire.(3) Thechildrenwerethinandhungry.Onedaytheycouldstanditno longer. They had just caught a large boar in their garden, and now they decided to ask Bekat for fire.

(4) Bekat, Bekat, the children called in giantess garden.(5) The giantess came out of her house. She was larger than a house, and the children trembled but tried not to show it. What do you want? asked the giantess. When she spoke, the children could see her sharp teeth.(6) We have come to ask for fire, replied the children.(7) That is easy to have, said the giantess wickedly. But you must give me a hog in exchange for it.(8) The childrenlooked ateachother indismay.One whispered,Howis that? If we get the fire and give her the boar, we will be as hungry we were before!(9) I have a plan,whispered his sister. Let us pretend to leave.(10) Yes, said the third child, then let us follow her into her house and steal fire when sheis not looking.(11) So the children pretended to look sad. We have no hog, they told thegiantess.(12) Then you cannot have fire! bellowed Bekat.

(13) Thegiantessstompedbackintoherhouse.Thechildrencreptalong its walls and peered into the house of Bekat. There she was in the corner, taking the tangles out of her matted hair. In the middle of the room was a small fire. The children tiptoed in, walking in the shadows. Then they grabbed a burning twig and ran home as fast as they could, taking care not to putout the fire.(14) Thechildrenjoyfullycutupthewildboarsmeatandroasteditover their fire. However, Bekat smelled their cooking and followed the smoke to the childrens house.(15) Ah, ha! she exclaimed. You took fire from me! You must give me part of what you have to eat,or I shall roast you on my fire!(16) Thechildrenlethersitwiththem.Bekattooktheirfoodbasketsand took charge of dividing the meat. The bones and tough parts she dropped into the childrens baskets, and the fat and slices she kept for herself.(17) Thechildrenlookedateachother.Then,oneofthemsaid,Letus swim in the river before we eat. Can you dive well? he asked Bekat.We can dive very well, hecontinued boastfully.(18) Bekat followed them to the river. The children dived into the water first; then they surfaced and said, Your turn, Bekat. Do you know how?(19) Bekat dived; she had a difficult time coming up because she was so heavy. While she was still in the water, the children raced back to the house. They emptied Bekats food basket and putthe meat into theirs.TheypouredlargestonesintoBekatsbasketandthentheyhid on a branch of a tree growing near the river.(20) Bekat came out of the water and called the children. There was no answer, so she resumed to their house. She did not see them there either, so she picked up her food basket and went home. When she opened it to eat the boar meat, she set up a great howl. The children had tricked her! She stomped through the forest, breaking young trees and kicking up bushes in her fury.(21) Coming to the river, she saw the childrens reflections in the water; they had not moved from their hiding place on the tree. Bekat thought the children were hiding in the water. She dived but could not find them there. when she came out, she looked up and saw where they were. The children screamed. Oh, Kabunian, they prayed, Save us now!(22)The giantesslaughed anevil laugh.She tookan axeout ofher pocket and began to hack at the tree. Oh, Kabunian, prayed the children again, Let her not hit the tree; Let her hit her knee instead. The giantess suddenly gave a great yelp. She had cut off her leg at the knee so she fell over backward and died. That was the end of the giantess Bekat

The Return by Edith Tiempo

40Edith L.Tiempo(22 April 1919 21 August 2011) is a renownedFilipinopoet and fictionist. She is also a teacher and a literary critic. She has established herself as a major figure inFilipino Literaturewith works that have been remarked for both style and substance.BORN: April 22, 1919 in San Nicolas,Bayombong,Nueva Vizcaya.Married to another well- known writer, Edilberto K. Tiempo and mother of Maldon Tiempo, and Rowena Tiempo-Torrevillas.1947, she would graduatemagna cum laudefromSilliman Universitywith a Bachelor of Science degree in Education, majoring in English.

Her graduate studies led her to the State University of Iowa, from which she gained an international fellowship which lasted from 1947 to 1950. She also took part in the State University of Iowa's creative writing workshop which was headed by veritable American poet Paul Engle.Received a scholarship grant from the notable United Board of Christian Higher Education in Asia and attained a doctorate degree in English from the University of Denver, Colorado in 1958.

AWARDS AND RECOGNITION:National ArtistAward for Literature, 1999grand prize,CCPLiterary Contest, 1978 forHis Native Coastfirst prize,Philippine Free Pressliterary contest, 1959 for The Dimensions of Fearfirst prize,Philippine Free Pressliterary contest, 1955 for Chamber of the SeaDonCarlos Palanca Memorial Awards for LiteratureThird prize, Poetry in English, 1951 for The Black MonkeySecond prize, Short Story in English for The DamFirst prize, forTracts of Babylon and Other Poems

THE RETURN by Edith L. Tiempo

Type: FictionGenre: PoemVocabulary Unlocking:Shun-to keep away from (a place, person, object, etc.), from motives of dislike, caution, etc.; take pains to avoid.Stratagem-aplan,scheme,ortrickforsurprisingordeceiving anenemy.Hedge-a fence or boundary formed by a dense row of shrubs or low trees.If the dead years could shake their skinny legs and run (symbolism: dead years-old age)As once he had circled this house in thirty counts, He would go thru this door among these old friends and they would not shun Him and the tales he would tell, tales that would bear more than the spare Testimony of willed wit and his grey hairs (symbolism, grey hair-old age)He would enter among them, the fatted meat about his mouth, As he told of how he had lived on strange boats on strange waters Of stratagems with lean sly winds, Of the times death went coughing like a sick man on the motors, (simile, death compared to a sick man)

Their breaths would rise hot and pungent as the lemon rinds (simile, breaths compared to lemon rinds)In their cups and sniff at the odors Of his past like dogs at dried bones behind a hedge, (simile, past is compared to dogs)And he would live in the whispers and locked heads. Wheeling around and around and turning back was where he started: The turn to the pasture, a swift streak under a boy's running; The swing, up a few times and he had all the earth he wanted; The tower trees, and not so tall as he had imagined; The rocking chair on the porch, you pushed it and it started rocking, Rocking, and abruptly stopped. (imagery-memory of youth stopped abruptly by time) He, too, stopped in the doorway, chagrined. He would go among them but he would not tell, he could be smart, He, an old man cracking bones of his embarrassment apart.

Significant Meaning:

The poem reflects how an individual from erection to resurrection . The manreminisceevery moment of being a youth and describes how he cherish every moment of his life. The poem 'The Return' by Edith Tiempo, is a poem about an old man who is reliving in his the mind the long days of his youth. The poem stresses the importance of cherishing every moment and every breath a person takes in life.PERSONAL INSIGHTS:"The Return" is not only a remembrance of things past, but it seems to suggest that a man can never return to the place from where he came. For example, when reflecting on returning to the place of his memories, the narrator calls himself "an old man cracking bones of his embarrassment apart." The idea is that time represents a prison for anyone seeking to go back, and perhaps the idea of returning brings more anguish than satisfaction.

GADDANGGADDANGDerives from "ga" meaning "heat" or "fire," and "dang" meaning "burn," and means "burned by heat." The name probably alludes to the skin color of the Gaddang, which is darker than any of the native peoples of the old Mountain Bayombong Province.The Gaddangs are found in Northern Nueva Vizcaya, especially Bayombong , Solano and Bagabag on the western bank of the Magat River; Santiago, Angadanan, Cuayan, and Riena Mercedes on the Cagayan River for CHRISTIANIZED GROUP; in western Isabela, along the edges of KAlinga and Bontoc, in the towns of Antatet, Dalig and the barrios of Gamu and Tumauini for the non-Christian communities.

RELIGIOUS BELIEFS OF NON-CHRISTIAN GADDANG

NANOLAY-considered as both the creator of all things and a culture hero for the non-Christian upland Gaddang.Dasal, to whom the epic warriors Biwag and Malana prayed for strength and courage before going off to their final battle. Bunag- the god of the earth.Limat-the god of the sea.

SHELTERThe Gaddang live in the forested areas of Cagayan Valley where it was difficult for people to get to where they lived. Their houses are built off the ground on poles while some live in tree houses. This helped to keep them dry when it rained. They used bamboo to build their walls and thatched roofs. They lived near a stream for reliable water supply, and near their fields, which were usually on the slopes of a valley.

CLOTHING

GADDANGLegend of MAGAT RIVERMagat Riveris ariverin thePhilippineisland ofLuzon. It is the largest tributary ofCagayan River, the longest and largest river system in the country, with an estimateddrainage areaof 5, 110km,roughly twenty percent of the total drainage area of the river.

GADDANGThe Legend of Magat River

GADDANGThe Legend of Magat RiverType: FictionGenre: Ethological Legend

Vocabulary Unlocking:Seclusion-the act of placing or keeping someone away from other people.Lamented-mournedfor,asapersonwhoisdead.Stream-a small, narrow river.

SUMMARY:Magat was a handsome and strong-willed youth who saved a lovely maiden bathing in a stream from the clutches of a python. He proposed marriage to the woman, who consented on condition that Magat would swear not to see her at noon. One day, Magat could no longer contain his curiosity and broke into his wifes seclusion. In place of his wife, he saw a crocodile, who turned into his wife. You broke your promise. lamented the woman. Having said this, she slowly turned once more into a crocodile and died. After burying his crocodile-wife in his front yard, Magat drowned himself in the same stream where he first espied her. Over time, the stream grew into the mighty Magat River. It widens and grows, it is said, because Magat wants to claim the remains of the wife he buried in the heart of the town.Significant Meaning:Never make a promise to a person when you have no intentions of keeping it.

Personal Insights: Expectation hurts and curiosity kills.

THE END