lit folktales
TRANSCRIPT
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Are prose narratives primarily told for
amusement and individual entertainment
and instructional value, dealing withevents set in an indefinite time and
place.
Bascom They are not considered as
dogma or history, they may or may nothave happened, and they are not to be
taken seriously.
Classified into animal tales or fables,magic tales or (numskull tales and
trickster tales), novelistic tales, religious
and didactic tales.
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1. Fables or Animal tales- are short talesgenerally involving animals which convey amessage of virtue.
2. Magic tales- also called fairy tales ormarchen are stories of fantasy and wonder.
- these are told mainly to entertain, mayalso teach a lesson, the most universal one,the idea of the all- pervading power of loveand the reward for kindness and the
punishment for wickedness.3. Humorous tales- are subdivided into
numskull or noodle- head tales andtrickster tales.
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a. Numskull tales- recount the funny,amusing, odd occasionally heart- rending,clumsy acts of a ridiculous person.
- The crowd is usually moved to sympathy orannoyance or both over the anti herosmisfortunes and follies, which bring disasterupon himself.
- a flat or static character in numskull talespresents the fool who takes things to theletter.
- sometimes it may also prove himself to be a
smart or shrewd character, or a trickster.b. Trickster tales- may narrate thefoolishness of a central character who cheatsor plays tricks on the other people.
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- the trickster may be a human or an animal.
To come out victorious in every adventure,
he may use sweet talk, subterfuge,
substitution, or sleigh-of-hand.
4. Novelistic tales- also called NOVELLAS are a
subtype of the folktale. Unlike magic tales or
fairy tales, human wit and common sense,
rather than magic powers make for the maleor female hero.
5. Religious and didactic tales- are called
miracles tales. They are mainly told to
illustrate the rewards of goodness and the
punishment for evil.
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One day Juan's father sent him to get
some ripe guavas, for a number of the
neighbors had come in and he wanted to give
them something to eat.
Juan went to the guava bushes and ate
all the fruit he could hold, and then he
decided to play a joke on his father's guests
instead of giving them a feast of guavas. Awasp's nest hung near by. With some
difficulty he succeeded in taking it down and
putting it into a tight basket that he had
brought for the fruit. He hastened home andgave the basket to his father, and then as he
left the room where the guests were seated
he closed the door and fastened it.
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As soon as Juan's father opened the
basket the wasps flew over the room; and
when the people found the door locked they
fought to get out of the windows. After a
while Juan opened the door, and when he
saw the swollen faces of the people, he
cried.
"What fine, rich guavas you must have
had! They have made you all so fat!"
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One day when a monkey was climbing a
tree in the forest in which he lived, he ran a
thorn into his tail. Try as he would, he could
not get it out, so he went to a barber in thetown and said: "Friend Barber, I have a thorn in
the end of my tail. Pull it out, and I will pay
you well." The barber tried to pull out the thorn
with his razor, but in doing so he cut off theend of the tail. The monkey was very angry and
cried: "Barber, Barber, give me back my tail, or
give me your razor!"
The barber could not put back the end ofthe monkey's tail, so he gave him his razor. On
the way home the monkey met an old woman
who was cutting wood for fuel, and he said to
her:
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"Grandmother, Grandmother, that is very hard.
Use this razor and then it will cut easily." The
old woman was very pleased with the offer
and began to cut with the razor, but beforeshe had used it long it broke. Then the monkey
cried: "Grandmother, Grandmother, you have
broken my razor! You must get a new one for
me or else give me all the firewood." The oldwoman could not get a new razor so she gave
him the firewood.
The monkey took the wood and was going
back to town to sell it, when he saw a womansitting beside the road making cakes.
"Grandmother, Grandmother," said he, "your
wood is most gone; take this of mine and bake
more cakes."
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The woman took the wood and thanked
him for his kindness, but when the last stick
was burned, the monkey cried out:
"Grandmother, Grandmother, you have burned
up all my wood! Now you must give me all
your cakes to pay for it." The old woman could
not cut more dry wood at once, so she gave
him all the cakes.
The monkey took the cakes and started
for the town, but on the way he met a dog
which bit him so that he died. And the dog ateall the cakes.