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Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
ºC Celsius
µg/m3
micrograms per cubic metre
µm micro metre
µS/cm micro Siemens per centimetre
μm micron
AADT Annual Average Daily Traffic
AARC AustralAsian Resource Consultants Pty Ltd
ABCC acid buffering characteristic curve
ACARP Australian Coal Association Research Program
ACHA Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 2003
ADD Air Driven Displacement
AGE Australasian Groundwater and Environmental Consultants
AGO Australian Greenhouse Office
AHD Australian Height Datum
AIS air-insulated switch
Al Aluminium
ALS Australian Laboratory Services
AMD Acid Mine Drainage
ANC acid neutralising capacity
ANFO Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil
ANZECC Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council
ARD Acid Rock Drainage
ARI Average Recurrence Interval
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
Arkdale Arkdale Proprietary Limited
As Arsenic
ASK ASK Consulting Engineers
ASX Australian Stock Exchange
ATP Exploration Permit Petroleum
AUSRIVAS Australian Rivers Assessment System
AWBM Australian Water Balance Model
bcm bank cubic metre
BSC Banana Shire Council
Building Act Building Act 1975
CaCO3 Calcium carbonate
CEC Cation Exchange Capacity
CH4 Methane
CHMP Cultural Heritage Management Plan
CHPP Coal Handling and Preparation Plant
CLO Community Liaison Officer
CLR Contaminated Land Register
CMSHA Coal Mining Safety and Health Act 1999
CO Carbon Monoxide
Co Cobalt
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
CO2-e Carbon Dioxide equivalent
COC Local Chamber of Commerce
CRG Community Reference Group
CSG Coal Seam Gas
CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Cu Copper
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
CY Calendar year
dB Decibel
dB(A) A-weighted decibels
dB(Lin) Linear decibels
DCC Australian Department of Climate Change
DEEDI Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation
DERM Department of Environment and Resource Management
DNRM Department of Natural Resources and Mines
DSDIP Department of State Development, Infrastructure and Planning
DSITIA Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the
Arts
DMCs Dense Medium Cyclones
DO Dissolved Oxygen
DAFF Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
dS/m deci Siemens per metre
DSEWPC Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and
Communities
DTMR Department of Transport and Main Roads
EA Environmental Authority
EC Electrical Conductivity
EC Electrical Conductivity
EDCAAC Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Centre
Distributed Active Archive Centre
EEO Energy Efficiency Opportunities Act 2006 (Cth)
EHP Department of Environment and Heritage Protection
EIA Economic Impact Assessment
EIL Ecological Investigation Level
EIS Environmental Impact Statement
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
ELR Environmental Land Register
EM Plan Environmental Management Plan
EMOS Environmental Management Overview Strategy
EMR Environmental Management Register
EP Act Environment Protection Act 1994 (Qld)
EP Regulation Environmental Protection Regulation 2008
EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth)
EPC Exploratory Permit for Coal
EPCA Exploration Permit Coal Application
EPP (Air) Environmental Protection (Air) Policy 2008
EPP (Noise) Environmental Protection (Noise) Policy 2008
EPP (Water) Environmental Protection (Water) Policy 2009
EPP Environment Protection Policy
EPR (Waste Management) Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Regulation 2000
ERA Environmentally Relevant Activity
ERE Endangered Regional Ecosystems
Ergon Ergon Energy Limited
EROS Earth Resources Observation Systems
ESA Equivalent Standard Axle
ESD Ecologically Sustainable Development
ESP Exchangeable Sodium Percentage
FAQ Frequently Asked Questions
Fe Iron
FFG Functional Feeding Group
FIFO fly-in fly-out
Forestry Act Forestry Act 1959
g/cc grams per cubic centimetre
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
g/m2/month grams per metre squared per month
GAB Great Artesian Basin
GAI Geochemical Abundance Index
GGMP Greenhouse Gas Management Plan
GHG Greenhouse Gas
GJ/kL Gigajoules per kilolitre
GP General Practitioner
GPS Global Positioning System
GQAL Good Quality Agricultural Land
GSP Gross State Product
GWP Global Warming Potential
ha hectare/s
HACC Home and Community Care
HFCs Hydrofluorocarbons
HIL Health Investigation Level
HME Heavy Mining Equipment
HML Higher Mass Limit
hr hour
HV heavy vehicle
Hz Hertz
IAS Initial Advice Statement
ICN Industry Capability Network
IEA International Energy Agency
Ji Injune Creek Group
kg H2SO4/t kilograms of Sulfuric Acid per tonne
kg kilogram
kg/hr kilogram per hour
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
kg/yr kilograms per year
kL kilolitre
km kilometre
km/hr kilometre per hour
kt CO2-e/yr kilotonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents per year
kt kilotonne
kV kilovolt
kVA kiloVolt-Amperes
kW kilowatt
kWh kilowatt hour
L Litre
L/m2/day Litres per square metre per day
L/min Litres per minute
L/s Litres per second
L10, L90 Noise levels exceeded 10% and 90% of the time
LAC Local Ambulance Committees
LAN/WAN Local/wide area network
Leq, A-weighted energy average noise level
LGA Local Government Area
LOR Limit of Reporting
LP Act Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002 (Qld)
LV Low Voltage
m metre
m/day metres per day
m2 square metre
m3 cubic metre
m3/s cubic metres per second
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
MCC Motor Control Centre
MDL Mineral Development Licence
mg/kg dry wt milligrams per kilogram dry weight
mg/L milligrams per Litre
MIA Mine Infrastructure Area
Mj/kg megajoules per kilogram
Ml Megalitres
ML Mining Lease
ML/d megalitres per day
MLA Mining Lease Application
MLpa million litres per annum
mm millimetre
mm/s millimetres per second
Mn Manganese
mPVC modified Polyvinyl Chloride
MR Act Mineral Resources Act 1989 (Qld)
MSDS Material Data Safety Sheets
Mt Million tonnes
Mtpa Million tonnes per annum
MW Megawatt
MWh Megawatt hours
MWh/a Megawatt hours per annum
N2O Nitrous oxide
NAF Non Acid Forming
NAG net acid generation
NAPP net acid producing potential
NATA National Association of Testing Authorities
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
NC Act Nature Conservation Act 1992 (Qld)
NCWR Nature Conservation Wildlife Regulation 2006
NEC Northern Energy Corporation Limited
NEPM National Environmental Protection Measures
NERS neutral earthing resistors
New Hope New Hope Corporation Limited
NGER Act National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 (Cth)
Ni Nickel
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
NPI National Pollutant Inventory
OSCAR Online System for Comprehensive Activity Reporting
Petroleum Act Petroleum and Gas (Production and Safety) Act 2004
PFC Projected Foliage Cover
PFCs Perfluorocarbons
pH the power of hydrogen
PLA Petroleum Lease Application
PM10 particulate matter with equivalent aerodynamic diameters of 10 μm or
less
PM2.5 particles with equivalent aerodynamic diameters of 2.5 μm and less
PMF probable maximum flood
PPP Parcel Prospecting Permit
PSI Preliminary Site Investigation
Qa Quatenary Alluvium
QA/QC Quality Assurance/Quality Control
QAS Queensland Ambulance Service
QFRS Queensland Fire and Rescue Service
QHA Queensland Heritage Act 1992
QMEA Queensland Minerals and Energy Academy
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
RE Regional Ecosystem
REDD Regional Ecosystem Description Database
RL Reduced Level
RLCIP Regional and Local Community Infrastructure Program
RMU ring main unit
RO Reverse Osmosis
ROM Run-of-mine
ROPS Rollover Protection Systems
RPD Real Property Descriptions
RPT Regular Public Transport
RUMP Road User Management Plan
RW1 Raw Water Dam 1
S Sulphur
SBR Surat Basin Rail
SCL Strategic Cropping Land
SCR State Controlled Roads
SERP Surat Energy Resources Province
SF6 Sulphur hexafluoride
SIA Social Impact Assessment
SIGNAL Stream Invertebrate Grade Number – Average Level
SIMP Social Impact Management Plan
SLA Statistical Local Area
SLR Single-lens Reflex
SMU Soil Management Units
SO2 Sulphur Dioxide
SO4 Sulphate
SP Act Sustainable Planning Act 2009 (Qld)
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
SPP State Planning Policy
SRN Stock Route Network
STP Sewage Treatment Plant
Sunwater SunWater Limited
SWMS Site Water Management System
t tonne
TAFE Technical and Further Education
TAPM The Air Pollution Model
Taroom Coal Taroom Coal Proprietary Limited
TDN Tailings Dam North
TDP Tailings Dam Pit
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
TDS Tailings Dam South
TI Act Transport Infrastructure Act 1994
TJ Terajoule
TMP Traffic Management Plan
TMR Trunked Mobile Radio
TOR Terms of Reference
tpa tonne per annum
tph tonne per hour
TSF Tailings Storage facility
TSP Total Suspended Particulates
UC Uncertain
USEPA United States of America Environmental Protection Agency
V Volt
VA Volt Amperes
VM Act Vegetation Management Act 1999 (Qld)
Elimatta Project Abbreviations 2012
VMR Vegetation Management Regulation 2000
VMU Visual Management Unit
VOC Volatile Organic Carbon
VoIP Voice over internet protocol
VSD variable speed drive
VVVF variable voltage, variable frequency
WDRC Western Downs Regional Council
WHO World Health Organisation
WICET Wiggins Island Coal Export Terminal
WIRP Wiggins Island Rail Project
WMP Waste Management Plan
WRP Water Resource Plans
WSL West Surat Link
Zn Zinc
Elimatta Project Glossary 2012
Abrasive Blasting - The operation of forcibly propelling a stream of abrasive material against a
surface under high pressure to smooth a rough surface, roughen a smooth surface, shape a surface,
or remove surface contaminants.
Acid-Base Accounting (ABA) - The balance between the acid-production and acid-consumption
properties of mine-waste material. Minerals in waste material (mostly sulfides and pyrite) react with
water and oxygen to produce sulfuric acid. ABA consists of measuring the acid generating and acid
neutralising potentials of a rock sample.
Acid Metalliferous Drainage - The acid generated is completely neutralised by the dissolution of
common carbonate minerals. Since the solubility of many toxic metals is pH-dependent, the
neutralisation process can lead to precipitation of metals such as aluminium, copper and lead, and
thus their removal from the drainage. However, at near-neutral pH, concentrations of toxic
components such as zinc, arsenic, nickel, and cadmium can remain elevated. As with acid drainage,
metalliferous drainage will also generally contain high (sulfate) salinity.
Non-acid metalliferous drainage is less common than acid drainage, due to the requirement for
specific sulfide minerals and a local excess of carbonate neutralisation.
Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) – Also called acid rock water or acid rock drainage, refers to the outflow
of acidic water from metal mines or coal mines. Acid mine drainage occurs naturally within most
environments as part of the rock weathering process. However, this is exacerbated by large-scale
earth disturbances characteristic of mining and other large construction activities, usually within rocks
containing an abundance of sulfide minerals.
Acid Neutralising Capacity (ANC) – A measure of the buffering capacity or inherent neutralising
ability of amaterial (often due to the presence of carbonate minerals).
Alkalinity - A pressure and temperature independent property of water that determines in part the
carbon content.
Alluvial –Sand, silt, clay, gravel, or other matter deposited by flowing water, as in a riverbed,
floodplain, delta, or alluvial fan. Alluvium is generally considered a young deposit in terms of geologic
time.
Ambient Noise – The sum of (background) noise at a particular location.
ANABAT – Specialised electronic bat call recorder that allows for bats to be unobtrusively surveyed
and identified by call.
Annual Recurrence Interval (ARI) – The expected period between exceedances of a given rainfall
total, accumulated over a given duration. For example, if there is a 1 in 50 chance that 170 millimetres
of rain will fall in a catchment in a 24-hour period during any given year, a rainfall total of 170
millimetres in a consecutive 24-hour period is said to have a 50-year ARI.
Anthropogenic – Produced by humans or human-related activity.
GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS
Elimatta Project Glossary 2012
Aquifer – A geological formation bearing groundwater that is permeable (unconfined) or impermeable
(confined) to the transmission of groundwater.
A-weighted – The filtering of sound to correlate to the frequency response of a human ear.
Batter – An upwardly receding slope of the face of a spoil dump.
Bedrock – The native consolidated rock underlying the Earth's surface.
Bench – A narrow ledge or shelf, along the top or bottom of a slope. A bench is essentially the same
thing as a berm. They are narrow flattened areas that interrupt the slope of a spoil dump.
Borrow Material – Soil or sediment excavated for use in construction.
Brine – Water saturated with salt
Bund – Also called a bund wall or bunding, is an embankment that is constructed around an area and
/ or structure that is designed to prevent inflow or outflow of water.
Capping - Covering with material like clay to keep the water and air out.
Coal Seam– A bed or stratum of coal.
Conductivity - The ease with which a material transmits an electric current.
Cumulative Impact– The combined impact from the mining project as well as other projects occurring
or proposed nearby.
Datum - A reference location or elevation which is used as a starting point for subsequent
measurements. Sea level is a datum for elevation measurements.
Decant Pond - An open pond where waste or process water is allowed to stand while suspended
materials settle out.
Decommissioning - Closing down a mine after mining has finished. This involves taking away
buildings and equipment and rehabilitating the mine site area.
Demographic – A particular sector of a population.
Design Storage Allowance (DSA) – Excess water storage required at November 1 each year that
will be filled by the process inputs and runoff from a critical wet period, should it occur.
Drawdown – A lowering of the water level of a confined or unconfined aquifer resulting from the
pumping of groundwater.
Effluent - Water discharged into the environment from a man-made structure.
El Nino / Southern Oscillation - El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a global coupled ocean-
atmosphere phenomenon. The Pacific Ocean signatures, El Niño and La Niña are major temperature
fluctuations in surface waters of the tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean.
Elimatta Project Glossary 2012
Elliot Trapping – Small metal folding traps baited with a mixture of oats and honey to catch small
mammals and reptiles.
Energy Dissipation – The loss of kinetic energy of moving water due to internal turbulence, boundary
friction, change in flow direction, contraction, or expansion
Environmental Authority – Licence or Approval issued under the EP Act to conduct specified
‘Environmentally Relevant Activities’.
Environmentally Relevant Activities – Activities, as defined in the Environmental Protection
Regulation 2008, that have the potential to release contaminants to the environment.
Ephemeral – Watercourse flows that are short-lived, occurring only after direct rainfall or runoff from a
rainfall event.
Evaporation - The process of liquid water becoming water vapour. Includes vaporisation from water
surfaces and land surfaces.
Exploration - The work of identifying areas that may contain viable mineral resources. This work can
include surface mapping, remote sensing, exploratory drilling, geophysical testing, geochemical
testing and other activities.
Exploratory Drilling - Drilling done to locate mineral deposits in an area where little subsurface data
about those minerals is available.
Flotation - The process of separating different materials, especially minerals, by agitating a pulverized
mixture of the materials with water, oil, and chemicals. Differential wetting of the suspended particles
causes unwetted particles to be carried by air bubbles to the surface for collection.
Freeboard – The distance between the level of the water and the upper surface of a dam or storage
facility, such as the tailings storage facility.
Gauging Station - A facility on a stream, lake, canal, reservoir or other water body where instruments
are installed to automatically monitor the water. Measurements such as stage, discharge, water
temperature and pH are automatically taken and transmitted to hydrologists via satellite, radio or
telephone.
Geochemistry - Chemical composition and changes of the earth.
Geomorphology - The science of Earth's landforms, their description, classification, distribution,
origin and significance.
Greenhouse Gases – Gases such as carbon dioxide and methane which, when dispersed in the
atmosphere, tend to trap heat.
Groundwater - Water that exists below the water table in the zone of saturation. Ground water moves
slowly in the same direction that the water table slopes.
Groundwater Recharge Area - A location where surface water or precipitation can infiltrate into the
ground and replenish the water supply of an aquifer.
Grubbing – The removal of vegetation by the root
Elimatta Project Glossary 2012
Hazard – The capacity of a substance, an activity or an event to produce an adverse health, safety or
environmental effect.
Hazardous Waste - Any substance, whether liquid, solid or gaseous, derived by or resulting from, the
process of minerals that tends to destroy life or impair or endanger health or the environment.
Hopper - A bin or funnel that is loaded from the top and which discharges through a door or chute at
the bottom.
Hydraulic Conductivity - The ability of a porous material to transmit a fluid.
Hydrology - The science of Earth's water, its movement, abundance, chemistry and distribution on,
above and below Earth's surface.
Impermeable Layer - A layer of rock, sediment or soil that does not allow water to pass through.
Infiltration - The movement of surface water into porous soil.
Interburden – Material of any nature that lies between two or more coal seams
L10 – The L10 is the A-weighted noise level which is exceeded 10% of the time.
L90 – The L90 is commonly referred to as the background noise level. The A-weighted sound pressure
level that is equalled or exceeded for 90% of that part of the interval in which the investigated noise is
absent.
Leq - The Leq is the energy average noise level containing the same acoustic energy as the actual
fluctuating noise level.
Macroinvertebrate – An invertebrate large enough to be seen without magnification.
Net Acid Generation (NAG) – The NAG value measures the acidity after oxidation and is expressed
as kilograms of sulphuric acid per tonne of rock.
Net Acid Producing Potential (NAPP) – This is also a theoretical calculation value commonly used
to indicate if a material has potential to generate ARD. It represents the balance between the capacity
of a sample to generate acid and its capacity to neutralise acid. It is expressed in units of kg H2SO4
per tonne.
Non Acid Forming (NAF) –Considered unlikely to be a source of acidic drainage.
Outcrop - An exposure of bedrock.
Overburden – Material that overlies a deposit of useful material such as coal.
Oxidation - A chemical reaction in which substances combine with oxygen.
Peak Particle Velocity – A measure of ground vibration magnitude which is the maximum rate of
change of ground displacement with time, usually measured in millimetres / second.
Permeability - A measure of how well a material can transmit water. Materials such as gravel, that
transmit water quickly, have high values of permeability. Permeability is primarily determined by the
size of the pore spaces and their degree of interconnection.
Elimatta Project Glossary 2012
pH - A relative measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a water based upon a scale that ranges between
0 and 14 with 7 being neutral. Values of pH below 7 indicate acid solutions and values of pH above 7
indicate basic solutions.
Pit dewatering – The act of removing groundwater around the edges of the area to become an
underground pit progressively as the pit is dug. This process keeps groundwater out of the pit so as
mining can occur; often well below the water table.
Pitfall Trapping – Pitfall traps target small ground-dwelling fauna (reptilian, mammalian and
amphibian). Each Pitfall trap line consists of a drift fence running along the ground and crossing the
middle of a series of buckets buried flush with the soil surface.
PM10 – Fine airborne particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm are small enough to be breathed
into the lungs.
PM2.5 – Particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm
Potable water – water of sufficiently high quality that it can be consumed or used without risk of
immediate or long term harm.
Potentially Acid Forming (PAF) –Material that has a significant sulphur content and is likely to
generate acid in excess of its inherent neutralising capacity.
Process Water - Water out of the treatment plant which has chemicals in it.
Raw water - Fresh water that has not been used in the process and does not contain process
reagents salts or fine particulates.
Recharge - Water added to an aquifer or other water body. An aquifer is recharged by precipitation in
an area where the aquifer has a porous connection to the surface.
Reduced Level (RL) – Elevation relative to a specific datum point.
Regional Ecosystem – Vegetation communities in a bioregion that are consistently associated with a
particular combination of geology, landform and soil.
Run of Mine - Raw mined material prior to screening or processing
Reverse Osmosis - A treatment process used in water systems by adding pressure to force water
through a semi-permeable membrane. Reverse osmosis removes most drinking water contaminants.
Screening - Way of sizing crushed rock into different sizes by shaking them through different screens
which have different sized holes or gaps. The crushed rock that passes through the screens is called
the undersize.
Sewage Treatment Plant- A facility designed to receive the wastewater from domestic sources and to
remove materials that harms water quality and threaten public health and safety when discharged into
receiving streams or bodies of water.
Soil Profile - Soil generally consists of visually and texturally distinct layers, which can be
summarized as follows, from top to bottom:
Elimatta Project Glossary 2012
O) Organic matter: Litter layer of plant residues in relatively
undecomposed form.
A) Surface soil: Layer of mineral soil with most organic
matter accumulation and soil life. This layer eluviates (is
depleted of) iron, clay, aluminium, organic compounds and
other soluble constituents. When eluviation is pronounced, a
lighter coloured "E" subsurface soil horizon is apparent at
the base of the "A" horizon.
B) Subsoil: Layer of alteration below an "E" or "A" horizon.
This layer accumulates iron, clay, aluminium and organic
compounds, a process referred to as illuviation.
C) Substratum: Layer of unconsolidated soil parent material.
This layer may accumulate the more soluble compounds
that bypass the "B" horizon.
Spillway – A structure designed to permit discharges from a dam when the water level rises above a
predetermined level. The aim of a spillway is to prevent a dam from overtopping.
Spoil Dump– The area where mine waste (overburdenor other waste material removed in mining,
quarrying, dredging, or excavating) are disposed of or piled.
Sterilisation Drilling – Drilling holes to test areas for p. If the results reveal low prospective zones,
the area will be declared sterile and infrastructure, such as spoil dumps and buildings, may be located
in these sterile zones.
Subterranean Fauna – Fauna which live their entire lives (obligate) below the surface of the earth.
They are usually divided into two groups: Stygofauna –aquatic and living in groundwater and
Troglofauna – air-breathing and living caves and voids
Stygofauna– animals that live in groundwater.
Tailings – The solid residual material after the processing of ore.
Tailings Storage Facility (TSF) - An area used to confine tailings.
Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) – Tiny airborne particles that are less than 100 micrometers in
diameter.
Transformer - an electrical device that transfers energy from one circuit to another by magnetic
coupling with no moving parts. A transformer comprises two or more coupled windings, or a single
tapped winding and, in most cases, a magnetic core to concentrate magnetic flux. A changing current
in one winding creates a time-varying magnetic flux in the core, which induces a voltage in the other
windings.
Uncertain Classification (UC) – Material that requires further investigation to determine their acid
producing potential.Void – In a mining context, refers to a mined-out pit remaining unfilled after the
cessation of mining.
Yield - The quantity of water or resource that can be produced from a deposit.