Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) FacilitiesFacilities

LNG: What is it?LNG: What is it?

Natural gas converted to liquid at -260 FNatural gas converted to liquid at -260 F

1/600 of original volume for shipping1/600 of original volume for shipping

Sources located in Russia, Middle East & Sources located in Russia, Middle East & CaribbeanCaribbean

LNG is converted back to gas/warmed at on-LNG is converted back to gas/warmed at on-shore & off-shore LNG facilitiesshore & off-shore LNG facilities

Distributed via pipelines to marketsDistributed via pipelines to markets

Existing LNG Terminals Existing LNG Terminals (US)(US)

Everett, MAEverett, MA Cove Point, MDCove Point, MD Elba Island, GAElba Island, GA Lake Charles, LALake Charles, LA Offshore BostonOffshore Boston Gulf of Mexico Gulf of Mexico

Existing & Proposed LNG Existing & Proposed LNG FacilitiesFacilities

Atlantic Coast, Atlantic Coast, ProposedProposed

Fall River, MAFall River, MA Cove Point , MD; Cove Point , MD;

expansionexpansion Elba Island, GA; Elba Island, GA;

expansionexpansion Off-shore Boston; Off-shore Boston;

Neptune LNG-SUEZ Neptune LNG-SUEZ LNGLNG

Pleasant Point, MEPleasant Point, ME Robbinston, MERobbinston, ME Baltimore, MDBaltimore, MD Off-shore FA (x2)Off-shore FA (x2) Offshore NY/NJ (x3) Offshore NY/NJ (x3)

NY/NJ Harbor

Why so many Why so many proposals?proposals?

Are we running out of domestic natural gas ?Are we running out of domestic natural gas ? US is energy independent for ng for at least two US is energy independent for ng for at least two

generations.generations.

Is demand higher than market can meet?Is demand higher than market can meet? Current LNG terminals are not operating under full Current LNG terminals are not operating under full

capacitycapacity

Is it cleaner or cheaper?Is it cleaner or cheaper? LNG is from foreign sources and is more polluting & LNG is from foreign sources and is more polluting &

expensive than domestic natural gas.expensive than domestic natural gas.

Will prices at the pump go down?Will prices at the pump go down? LNG is not Gasoline! LNG is not Gasoline!

According to Clean Ocean Action white paperAccording to Clean Ocean Action white paper

Permitting ProcessPermitting Process

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)(FERC) On-shore & state watersOn-shore & state waters

Maritime Administration (MARAD)/USCG Maritime Administration (MARAD)/USCG Deep water portsDeep water ports

State & Local authorityState & Local authority Coastal Zone Management ActCoastal Zone Management Act Clean Air ActClean Air Act Clean Water ActClean Water Act NEPA review as a cooperating agencyNEPA review as a cooperating agency Land stewardshipLand stewardship

Common ConcernsCommon Concerns

Broadwater LNG Broadwater LNG FacilityFacility

Floating regassification & storage terminal Floating regassification & storage terminal in Long Island Soundin Long Island Sound

3 football fields long, 9 stories high3 football fields long, 9 stories high

Approx 10 miles between CT & NY Approx 10 miles between CT & NY shorelinesshorelines

Require a 21.7 pipeline extension along sea Require a 21.7 pipeline extension along sea floorfloor

Environmental Environmental ConcernsConcerns

Continuous water uptake screens out and kills Continuous water uptake screens out and kills fish & other marine life.fish & other marine life.

Water is discharged chlorinated & warmer.Water is discharged chlorinated & warmer.

Impacts from gas spills or fires on wq & Impacts from gas spills or fires on wq & marine lifemarine life

New pipeline and mooring disturbs 22 miles of New pipeline and mooring disturbs 22 miles of benthic habitat (lobsters, shellfish & other benthic habitat (lobsters, shellfish & other creepy crawlies)creepy crawlies)

Air quality/CO2 emissionsAir quality/CO2 emissions

Light pollutionLight pollution

Other ConcernsOther Concerns

Safety – possible explosions & fires could over-Safety – possible explosions & fires could over-strain local public safety & emergency strain local public safety & emergency response servicesresponse services Terrorist target???Terrorist target???

Aesthetic – Visible from shore in an otherwise Aesthetic – Visible from shore in an otherwise open viewshedopen viewshed

Public Access –USGS ordered 1.5 s. mile Public Access –USGS ordered 1.5 s. mile restricted area around facility & a moving restricted area around facility & a moving security zone around ships as they enter the security zone around ships as they enter the Race and sail through Sound.Race and sail through Sound.

Fishing, boating, sailing, etc.Fishing, boating, sailing, etc. Possible private security to enforcePossible private security to enforce

ResourcesResources

ELI Chapter Website ELI Chapter Website http://www.surfriderli.org/eli_broadwater.htmlhttp://www.surfriderli.org/eli_broadwater.html

Surfrider Foundation Coastal A-Z on LNG Surfrider Foundation Coastal A-Z on LNG http://www.surfrider.org/srui.aspx?uiq=a-z/LNhttp://www.surfrider.org/srui.aspx?uiq=a-z/LNGG

Clean Ocean Action white paper on LNG Clean Ocean Action white paper on LNG http://www.cleanoceanaction.org/fileadmin/edhttp://www.cleanoceanaction.org/fileadmin/editor_group1/Issues/LNG/itor_group1/Issues/LNG/Final_Clean_Ocean_Action_LNG_Report.pdfFinal_Clean_Ocean_Action_LNG_Report.pdf