linux operations and administration chapter two installing opensuse

Linux Operations and Administration

Chapter TwoInstalling OpenSUSE


Objectives

• Check your system configuration to determine whether it meets openSUSE installation requirements

• Describe the benefits of installing an OS on a virtual machine

• Summarize the installation phases in openSUSE

• Describe features of the GNOME desktop environment

• Describe features of the KDE desktop environment

2


Checking Your System Configuration

• YaST– Included with OpenSUSE– UI tool to customize the OS during and after

installation

• System configuration determines how openSUSE is installed– Desktop– Laptop– Server

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Checking Your System Configuration (cont’d.)

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Figure 2-1 An overview of installation steps in YaST©Cengage Learning 2013


Requirements for Installing Linux

• Most software installations run more smoothly if computer exceeds the minimum requirements

• Minimum requirements– Pentium III 500 MHz or higher processor– 512 MB RAM– 3 GB free disk space– 800 × 600 display resolution

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Requirements for Installing Linux (cont’d.)

• Recommended requirements– Pentium 4 2.4 GHz or higher, any AMD64, or an Intel

EM64T processor– 1 GB RAM– More than 3 GB free disk space– 1024 × 768 or higher display resolution

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The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines

• Server farms– Groups of servers networked together in a single

location

• Virtual machine (VM) – Software container with its own OS, IP address, and

applications

• Host– Physical computer where the virtual machine runs

• Guest– Virtual machine using the host’s physical hardware

resources7


The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines (cont’d.)

• Benefits of virtualization:– Run multiple OSs on one machine– Test applications before actually installing them on a

host machine– Reduce costs by decreasing the physical hardware

that must be purchased for a network– Experiment with untested programs without infecting

host machines with viruses or other malware

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The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines (cont’d.)

• Table 2-1 – Overview of some virtualization software packages

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Table 2-1 Virtualization software packages



Overview of VMware Player

• VMware Player 3.1.5 – Free application – Create, configure, and run virtual machines on a

Windows or Linux system

• Requirements for the host machine:– Architecture—Standard x86-compatible or x86-64

with Intel VT or AMD-V–compatible PC– Processor speed—1.3 GHz or faster

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Overview of VMware Player (cont’d.)

– Memory—Minimum 1 GB, but 2 GB or more recommended

– Hard disk—At least 1 GB free disk space recommended for each guest OS

• Activity 2-1: Downloading VMware Player– Register a VMware account – Download VMware Player 3.0

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Installing VMware Player on a Windows Host

• Use the VMware-player-xxxxxx.exe installation file– xxxxxx represents the version and build numbers

• Activity 2-2: Installing VMware Player 3.1.5 on a Windows Host– Install VMware Player, a free program for creating,

configuring, and running virtual machines

13


Installing OpenSUSE

• OpenSUSE – Free, open-source Linux OS– Download, install, and use the software at no cost as

well as view and change the source code

• Download International Organization for Standardization (ISO) image file – http://software.openSUSE.org/112/en

• ISO image – Archive file containing the contents of a CD or DVD– “Virtual” CD or DVD is a digital replica of a physical

CD or DVD14


Installing OpenSUSE (cont’d.)

• Installation divided into three main phases: – Preparation, installation, and configuration

• Preparation phase – Interactive– Select the language, time zone, desktop

environment, hard disk setup, and user account and password

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Installing OpenSUSE (cont’d.)

• Installation phase – Not interactive

• Configuration phase– Set up the network, Internet access, and hardware

components

• Activity 2-3: Creating a Virtual Machine– Create a virtual machine that can be used for

installing an OS

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OpenSUSE Boot Options

• OpenSUSE Boot Options window– Displays options for the installation procedure– Table 2-2 explains the options

• Additional options:– F1 Help

• Context sensitive help

– F2 Language• Change the display language and corresponding

keyboard layout

– F3 Video Mode• Select a screen resolution, or select Text Mode

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18

Figure 2-3 The OpenSUSE Boot Options window©Cengage Learning 2013


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Table 2-2 Settings in the Boot Options window



OpenSUSE Boot Options (cont’d.)

– F4 Source• Select the installation source medium

– F5 Kernel• Displays a menu of functions you can disable if you’re

having problems with the regular installation

– F6 Driver• Select if you have an optional driver update for

openSUSE

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The Preparation Phase

• Installation window– Left side

• Overview of all the steps YaST takes to install openSUSE

– Top right• Select a language and keyboard layout

– Click Next • Accepts the license agreement

• System analysis – Determine whether other OSs are installed on your

system21

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Figure 2-4 The System Probing window©Cengage Learning 2013



Installation Mode

• Choices for installation:– Installation

– Update

– Repair Installed System

• Other options– Use Automatic Configuration option

• Selected by default

• Used when performing a new installation

– Include Add-On Products from Separate Media option • Install add-ons from software repositories

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Clock and Time Zone

• Select region and time zone

• Hardware clock set to Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) by default– Will switch from standard time to daylight savings

time and back automatically

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Desktop Selection

• Choose the environment: GNOME or KDE

• Other choices for desktop:– XFCE Desktop– Minimal X Window– Minimal Server Selection (Text Mode)

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Suggested Partitioning

• YaST checks hard disk and displays a proposed partition setup

• Edit Partition Setup button– Change the partition setup

• Logical Volume Management (LVM) – Creates virtual partitions that can span physical hard

drives

• Multiboot configuration – Install multiple OSs on one computer – Choose which one to use when computer boots

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Create New User

• Create a local user and set the password

• “Use this password for system administrator” option – Allows using the same password supplied for the

user to access the system administrator (root) account

• Receive System Mail option– Allows the user to receive system service messages

• Automatic Login option– Boot straight to your desktop instead of being

prompted for a username and password

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The Installation Phase

• After preparation phase YaST displays installation settings– Alter settings by clicking the headers for each

section or clicking the Change button

• Runlevel – Operating state of the Linux OS– Each runlevel offers different services– Can change the runlevel system boots to

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The Installation Phase (cont’d.)

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Table 2-3 openSUSE Linux runlevels


Performing the Installation

• Takes about 15 minutes

• Click the Details tab at any time– View installation log

• After installation is finished– Computer restarts in the configuration phase

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The Configuration Phase

• Automatic Configuration option– Configuration process is done automatically

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Hostname and Domain Name

• Hostname – Computer’s machine name in the network

• Domain name – Name of the network the host belongs to

• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) – Networking protocol – Assigns IP addresses and other network

configuration information to hosts automatically

• /etc/hosts file – Map hostnames to IP addresses

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Figure 2-5 The Network Configuration window©Cengage Learning 2013



Test Internet Connection

• Test network configuration – Select “Yes, Test Connection to the Internet” option

• If test fails– Go back to Network Configuration window to correct

the problem

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Online Update

• YaST can perform online updates – Select Run Update, and then click Next– Click Accept to install the patches– Click Next to continue with the system configuration

• Activity 2-4: Installing OpenSUSE as a Guest OS– Install openSUSE as a guest OS on your Windows

computer

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The GNOME Desktop Environment

• Easy-to-use graphical desktop environment

• Gives you quick access to applications

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Features of GNOME

• GNOME desktop has two icons: – Folder represents home directory– Trashcan represents deleted files– If CD installed, also shows CD/DVD drive icon

• Double-click icons to open them

• Right-click icons to display a menu of options

• Panel at the bottom – Compared with the taskbar in Windows– Contains only two items: computer menu and

Tomboy Notes applet

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Features of GNOME (cont’d.)

• GNOME applets – Small programs available on the GNOME Panel– Designed to give you quick access to useful

applications

• Workspace switcher– Workspace

• Virtual screen on the Linux desktop for displaying open applications

• Web browser– GNOME includes Firefox as the default Web

browser39



• File manager– Nautilus is used to organize and access folders,

files, and applications

• Word processing– OpenOffice.org Writer

• Open-source word-processing program for creating documents and incorporating charts, tables, and graphics

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• E-mail– Evolution is the e-mail software included with

GNOME

• Activity 2-5: Working with the GNOME Desktop Environment– Get hands-on practice in working with GNOME

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The KDE Desktop Environment

• K Desktop Environment (KDE)– Gives you quick access to applications, such as

word-processing programs, Web browsers, e-mail, and a file manager

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Features of KDE

• Folder View widget – Called Desktop Folder – Contains the contents of your Desktop directory

• Desktop Folder widget – Shows the contents of the ~/Desktop directory– Default icons

• Firefox, My Computer, Office, Online Help, and openSUSE

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Features of KDE (cont’d.)

• Quick Launch area– Part of KDE Panel – Reserved for shortcuts to often used applications

• KDE panel– Located at the bottom of the desktop– Consists of the Quick Launch area, taskbar, and

system tray

• System tray– Contains the system clock, a volume control icon,

and the Lock and Leave icons

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Features of KDE (cont’d.)

• Activity 2-6: Working with KDE– Get hands-on practice in working with KDE

46


Summary

• YaST– GUI tool used to customize OS settings during and

after installation

• Virtualization– Run multiple OSs on one machine

• VMware player – Free virtualization software package – Used to create, configure, and run virtual machines

on Windows or Linux PCs

47


Summary (cont’d.)

• OpenSUSE installation is divided into three phases: – Preparation, installation, and configuration

• Desktop environments used most often with openSUSE:– GNOME and KDE

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linux operations and administration chapter two installing opensuse

Documents

administrationlinux

linux contd

linux systemrequirements

virtual machines contd

gb free disk space1024

installation phases

virtual machinesummarize

overview of installation