Linux Basics : Part 1

In SupercomputersRank Performance

(Tera FLOPS)Name Processors OS Vendor

1 1759 - 2331 Jaguar 224162 Opteron Linux Cray

2 1271 - 2884 Nebulae 55680 Xeon + 64960 Tesla Linux Dawning

3 1042 - 1375 Roadrunner 122400 Cell/Opteron Linux IBM

4 832 - 1029 Kraken 98928 Opteron Linux Cray

5 826 - 1003 JUGENE 294912 Power Linux IBM

6 773 - 973 Pleiades 56320 Xeon Linux SGI

7 563 - 1206 Tianhe - I 71680 Xeon Linux NUDT

8 478 - 596 Blue Gene - L 212992 Power Linux IBM

9 459 - 557 Intrepid 163840 Power Linux IBM

10 433 - 497 Red Sky 41616 Xeon Linux Sun (Oracle)

As on November 2009, 89.2 % of world's top 500 Supercomputers runs on Linux

Top 10 positions of the 35th TOP500 List released on May 31, 2010 during ISC10 in Hamburg, Germany

For High Performance and Scalability

Organization Stats Platform

google 1 Billion Search Requests Everyday 20 PB UGC Added Everyday More than 1 Million Servers 1 PB Search Index (4000 Machines, 48000 Disks – Sorts in 6H 2M)

Linux, MapReduce, Python, Java, C++

CERN 15 PB of New Data Every Year 80,000+ Computers Withstand 1 PB Data Per Sec

Linux, MapReduce, CouchDB, MySQL, SQLight, Squid

facebook 600 Million Users 150 Million Mobile Users

Linux, Apache, Cassandra, MySQL, PHP, Memcached

twitter 65 Million Users 750 Tweets Per Second

Linux, MySQL, Ruby, Erlang, Scala, Memcached

Youtube 1 Billion Users Per Day 11574 Users Per Sec

Linux, Apache, Lighttpd, MySQL, Python

Flickr 5 Billion Images 2 Billion+ Users

Linux, Apache, MySQL, Java, Perl Memcached

Linux Installation

● Hardware Compatibility● Disk Space Requirements● Installation methods – Local / Remote● Installation modes● Dual Boot

System Partitioning

● Automatic Partitioning● Manual Partitioning● Adding / Deleting / Editing

Existing Partitions● Recommended Partition

Scheme● Partition Tables - MSDOS /

GPT

FHS

The File-system Hierarchy Standard Enables:

● Software to predict the location of installed files and directories, and

● Users to predict the location of installed files and directories.

Example of an FHS - compliant system

Shareable Unshareable

Static /usr/opt

/etc/boot

Variable /var/mails/var/spool/new

/var/run/var/lock

Linux FHS

Basic Configuration

● Browser Plug-ins

● Java● Flash

● Audio

● Video

● Printer

Installing Applications

● Installation using yum

● Configuring repositories● Downloading packages● Identify the installed

packages● Yum – tips and tricks● Installation from source

Installing Drivers

● Understanding Linux Drivers

● Identify the hardware● Install the OSS /

Propitiatory driver (Display, NIC)

Network Configuration

● Configure LAN – Static / Dynamic

● Configure Wireless / VPN / DSL / Mobile BB

● Configure Modem● Troubleshoot N/W

related issues

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